THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
10 Friday, October 12, 1919
Zionist Struggle for Statehood
By
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ALLEN WARSEN
Nicholas Bethel's "The
Palestine Triangle: The
Struggle for the Holy Land,
1935-1948" (G.P. Putnam's
Sons), deals with the events
of the 12 years prior to the
partition of Palestine.
The author begins his
narrative with a capsule
history of Palestine that
covers 4,000 years — from
biblical times to the year
1935. He then shifts his ac-
count to the years 1935-
1948.
Drawing on existing
sources plus documents re-
cently made available, he
recounts the history of the
Zionist struggle for state-
hood, the Arab opposition,
and the British hostility
toward the Yishuv as
exemplified by the
memorandum of Charles
Bateman, then the British
minister to Egypt.
Bateman's Jew-hating
memorandum reads:
The Jews? Let us be
practical. They are any-
body's game these days.
There are six million of
them homeless in
Europe. In no way would
Palestine ever be able to
take them all. There
would have to be a halt to
immigration sometime.
So why not now? They
had waited 2,000 years
for their home and they
would just have to wait a
little longer before get-
ting their last pound of
flesh."
The author relates the
war of extermination Hitler
waged on the Jews, and the
war the British waged on
Jewish immigration to
Palestine in order to ap-
pease the Arabs. He also
points out that during the
Second World War, the
British at first feared to
create Jewish military
units to fight the Nazis lest
they turn their arms on the
English in Palestine or the
Arabs. They finally con-
sented to form such units.
For the same reason, the
author notes, the British
tried to suppress the
Hagana, although it was
semi-legal, acted with re-
straint and protected the
Yishuv. In addition, they
intensified the war on im-
migration manyfold. Ships
that reached the shores of
Palestine, they either
turned back to sea, or forci-
bly removed the passengers
and interned them either in
the Acre Fortress or in
camps outside the Holy
Land.
Thorough is the
author's description of
the anti-immigration
policies and actions of
Earnest Bevin, Britain's
foreign minister, in Cle-
ment Attlee's Labor
cabinet.
The American people,
writes the author, were hor-
rified by these actions.
Sumner Welles, former
under-secretary of state,
expressed his disapproval of
these acts of violence in an
article in "The New York
Herald Tribune" of August
12, 1947. Its summary fol-
lows:
"The hanging of the two
sergeants (by Lehi:
Lohamei Herut Israel-the
Fighters for the Freedom of
Israel, organized by Ab-
raham Stern) was
thoroughly wrong, but
should be seen against its
background — the judicial
murder of three young Jews
who had helped their
friends to escape from Acre
Fortress, the torturing to
death of (13-year-old) Ale-
xander Rubowitz by a
notorious British strong-
arm squad and the simple
fact that the British ad-
ministration in Palestine
was shot through from top
to bottom with anti-
Semitism, as shown by the
July 31 pogrom in the
streets of Tel Aviv."
(According to a British
report rioters led by soldiers
and policemen smashed
shop windows, windows of
omnibuses, overturned ve-
hicles, assaulted and killed
a number of Jews, beat up a
taxi driver and stole his ve-
hicle, and committed other
acts of violence. None of the
ruffians was punished.)
The decision of the
Clement Attlee cabinet
not to enforce a United
Nations resolution in
favor of partition was an-
ticipated by the Palesti-
nian Jews. As a matter of
fact, the Yishuv and the
Hagana were ready to fill
the vacuum when the
British withdrew.
It is noteworthy that for
decades the settlements
were preparing for such an
eventuality, clandestine
armed units were training
for such an occasion, and
governmental institutions,
including the Vaad Leumi
(National Council-
parliament), had been es-
tablished.
Religious Beliefs Are Polled
TEL AVIV (ZINS) — A
Bar-Ilan University study
says that 17 percent of Is-
raelis consider themselves
"religious"; 41 percent de-
scribe themselves as "tradi-
tional"; and 42 percent say
they have no religious
commitment.
• Only one percent do not
use electricity on the Sab-
bath; 22 percent do not ride
on the Sabbath; 74 percent
fast on Yom Kippur; 99 per-
cent have some type of
Seder on Passover; 14 per-
cent put on tefilin daily; 44
percent observe kashrut; 79
percent eat only kosher
meat; and 82 percent do not
eat any forbidden foods on
Passover.
Some 29 percent indi-
cated a belief in a life after
death; 36 percent believe in
the coming of the Messiah;
47 percent believe a super-
natural power controls the
destiny of the Jewish
people; 56 percent believe
the Almighty gave the
Torah to Moses; and 57 per-
cent believe Jews are a cho-
sen people.
Despise not any man.
—Pirke Abot
Ex-Detroiters
Meet in Florida
The Detroit Floridians
will meet 7:30 p.m. Wed-
nesday in the Hollywood
Federal Building, 4600
Sheridan, Hollywood, Fla.
Games, prizes and refresh-
ments will follow.
For information, call in
Florida, Grace Kaufman,
972-2097; or Edith Wiess,
940-3531.
6.3 NE
NICHOLAS BETHEL
The volume's 26 superb
photographs dramatize the
Jewish struggle for state-
hood in Palestine. The
numerous notes, select
bibliography and exhaus-
tive index enhance and
complement the text.
Nicholas Bethel is a polit-
ical writer and member of
the European Parliament.
He is the author of
"Gomulka: His Poland and
His Communism,"‘ "The
War Hitler Won" and "The
Last Secret."
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