THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

Friday, August 10, 1979 25

.

•
New Stamps Have Roots in n Jewtsh
History
i

JERUSALEM — Israel
has issued several new
stamp series in recent
months, including a set of
three honoring the sage-
craftsmen of Jewish history.
In the centuries im-
mediately preceding and
following the destruction of
the second Temple in 70 CE
the Jewish people were
blessed with an outstanding
spiritual leadership which
developed from a broadly
based circle of men of spirit,
cricompassing all levels of
ciety.
One who contributed in
no small measure to this de-
velopment was Shimon ben
Shattah, who as early as the
First Century BCE issued a
set of regulations governing
compulsory education.
Moral and spiritual
leaders who were given
the title of "Hazal" ("Our
Sages of Blessed Mem-
ory") found a way for the
people to overcome their
difficult situation and
start life afresh. From the
Mishna, the Talmud, the
Tosefta (a supplement to
the Mishna) and other
sources we can glean
much about the lives and
aspirations of the people
of that era who sup-
ported themselves by
farming supplemented
by a variety of arts and
crafts.
In these circumstances, it
is all the more amazing that
the people should have been
able to develop so full a
spiritual life, since at the
end of a hard day's toil there
was all too little time for lei-
sure.
Their very special atti-
tude towards manual labor,
which they extolled as an
important factor in man's
moral education, represents
a highly original contribu-
tion to the spiritual world.
They saw manual labor as
an honorable education to
be rounded out by study,
which to them represented
the supreme value in life.
They emphasized that labor
and study were equally im-
portant and forbade the
people to concentrate on one
at the expense of the other.
Rabbi Meir Baal
Ha-Nes — one of the out-
standing sages of his time
and head of the Tiberias
Yeshiva, was responsible
for many mishnaic rulings.
Not only was he likened to a
beacon of light to his gener-
--- ,lion, but numbers of mira-
es were attributed to him.
He earned his living as a
scribe — wrote Scrolls of the
Law as well as letters and
sermons for the public. He
even invented a special ink
which was used by men of
letters throughout the
civilized world.
It is said that he distrib-
uted one-third of his earn-
ings to his pupils so as to
leave them more time for
their studies.
Rabbi Joshua ben
Hananiah — one of the
outstanding Tannaim (a
teacher mentioned in the
Mishna, living during the
first two centures CE) —
worked as a blacksmith spe-
cializing in the production

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Shawn are new commemorative stamps issued by the state of
Israel. The three stamps at left are part of the sages - craftsmen series,
the center stamp marks the 50th anniversary of the Jewish Agency
and the stamps at right honor Israel's health resorts.

of pins and needles and sci-
ssors and the walls of his
house were black from the
soot from his forge.
Rabbi Johanan the
Sandal-maker — regarded
as one of the outstanding
sages of all time — earned
his living as a cobbler. He
originated from Alexandria
in Egypt.

* * *

JEWISH AGENCY
JUBILEE — The Balfour
Declaration, issued in 1917,
declared that His Majesty's
Government view with
favor the establishment in
Palestine of a national
home for the Jewish
people." This declaration
was the basis for the man-
date over Palestine granted
to Britain in 1920 and ap-
proved by the League of Na-
tions in 1922. Para. 4 of the
Mandate called for the es-
tablishment of a "Jewish
Agency" to advise and coop-
erate with the administra-
tion of Palestine on eco-
nomic, social and other mat-
ters affecting the Jewish
national home.
The World Zionist Organ-
ization was granted the
status of the "Jewish
Agency" but Para. 4 laid
down that the organization
should endeavor to set up a
broad-based Jewish Agency
with which all Jews wishing
to contribute to the estab-
lishment of a Jewish na-
tional home in Palestine
could collaborate.
The "Jewish Agency for
Palestine" was established
at a meeting held in 1929 at
Zurich under the presidency
of Chaim Weizmann,
president of the World
Zionist Organization.
Fifty percent of the
delegates were elected by
the Zionist Congress to
represent the World
Zionist Organization and
the other fifty percent
were elected by various
non-Zionist organiza-
tions. However the hopes
of ensuring non-Zionist
cooperation in the work
of the agency failed to
materialize and in the
course of time the Execu-
tive of the Jewish Agency
and the Executive of the
World Zionist Organiza-
tion became identical
and the Jewish Agency
was transformed into the
executive organ of the
World Zionist Organiza-
tion.
The World Zionist Organ-
ization and the Jewish
Agency played a _decisive
role in encouraging the

Jewish people to prepare
themselves for a renewal of
Jewish national indepen-
dence by setting up bodies to
deal with health, welfare
and education. They also
formed the Hagana — the
Jewish Defense Force.
Following the establish-
ment of the state of Israel in
1948, the 23rd Congress of
the World Zionist Organiza-
tion redefined the aims and
tasks of the Zionist move-
ment as "working for the
strengthening of Israel;
encouraging the ingather-
ing of the exiles to Israel
and working to ensure the
unity of the Jewish people."
This program was known as
the first "Jerusalem Pro-
gram."
In 1952, the Knesset
enacted the "Law for Defin-
ing the Status of the World
Zionist Organization" and
in 1954 an agreement was
signed between the gov-
ernment of Israel and the
executive of the Jewish
Agency under which the
World Zionist Organization
and the Jewish Agency
were granted special status
whereby: "the state of Israel
sees itself as the creation of
the Jewish people as a
whole and its doors are open
to every Jew wishing to
enter therein; the state of
Israel regards the World
Zionist Organization as an
authorized agency which
wilrcontinue to work within
Israel for the development
of the country and its set-
tlements, for the absorption
of immigrants from all over
the world and for coordinat-
ing the work in Israel of
those Jewish organizations
engaged in these activi-
ties."

* * *

HEALTH RESORTS
IN ISRAEL — Israel is a
country poor in natural re-
sources but blessed with an
abundance of sunshine and
mineral springs rich in
their healing properties.
Even in biblical times we
find references to disputes
over the hot springs as var-
ious groups fought for con-
trol over their healing
waters.
It was the Romans how-
ever, who were the first to
develop the springs and es-
tablish treatment centers
and evidence of their work
is to be found in the area of
today's installations. The
Roman emperors them-
selves were known to have
undertaken treatment at
these springs and as a re-

sult, their fame spread far
and wide.
The modern development
of the springs dates from
1932 when the thermal
baths were constructed
around the Tiberias hot
springs. From then on, Is-
rael has been known
throughout the world as a
health center.
Israel's two principal
health resorts are the
Tiberias hot springs on
Lake Kinneret (the Sea of
Galilee) and the Dead Sea.
The Israel health re-
sorts have treated dis-
eases of the muscles and
joints, diseases of the
skin — especially
psoriasis and asthma.
The town of Arad which
enjoys fresh dry air was
planned from the begin-
ning as a health resort,
especially for sufferers
from asthma. The Health
Resorts Authority is re-
sponsible for supervising
the treatments given and
ensuring that they are ef-
fective.

Next to the springs in
Tiberias has sprung up one
of the most modern and
sophisticated thermal cen-
ters in the world, while
plans are currently being
prepared for constructing a
Health Center for the
treatment of psoriasis on
the shores of the Dead Sea.
A recent development has
been the establishment of a
new industry for the bottl-
ing of the mineral waters.

Kiryat Arba Man Accused
of Shooting Arab School Girl

JERUSALEM (JTA) — A
resident of Kiryat Arba has
been charged by the
Jerusalem district attorney
with murdering an Arab
school girl "in cold blood."
The man, Ilan Tor, 29, was
charged with shooting
Rabha al-Shalalda during a
demonstration on the Heb-
ron road March 15. Tor was
detained without bond.
According to the charge
sheet presented to the
Jerusalem District Court, a
crowd of school girls
gathered March 15 on the
Hebron road in the Arab
town of Halhoul, south of
Hebron. The girls threw
rocks at Israel Defense
Force soldiers that tried to
restore order.
During the demonstra-
tion, a civilian car passed on
its way from Kiryat Arba to
Jerusalem. The car stopped,

and Tor and another
passenger came out. The de-
fendant, according to the
charge sheet, approached
the girls, pulled out his pis-
tol, then fired into the crowd
of girls "on purpose . . . in
cold blood."

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