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THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
26 Friday, July 13, 1919
MAGICIAN
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Rabbi Judah says: "The fact
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— Baba Bathra 16.
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Modernization of Egyptian
Women Reported by Writer
By MOSHE RON
The Jewish News Special
Israel Correspondent
TEL AVIV — During my
recent visit to Egypt I had
the opportunity to observe
the modernization of Egyp-
tian women.
It is hard to believe that
50 years ago there was only
one school for girls in Egypt.
The pupils were a few
daughters from rich
families. They had to wear
veils, in school.
Today, the Egyptian
woman has a right to vote in
elections. Women are repre-
sented in Parliament 'and
even in the government.
They hold high state posts
in education and social
offices. They dress in a mod-
ern style as in the U.S. and
Europe. Only women in vil-
lages still wear traditional
dresses.
The struggle for equal
rights for the Egyptian
woman was a long one.
About 50 years ago it was
nearly a tragedy in an
Egyptian family if a
daughter instead of a son
was born. Girls were not
allowed to study with
boys in school. Married
women were not allowed
to walk in the street next
to their husbands, but
had to walk several steps
behind them.
A few women organized to
fight for equal rights. They
held .demonstrations in
Egyptian cities. The main
fighter was Mrs. Hada
Hanem Sharawi. She lost
her father at age 5. In the
home of her mother she felt
like a stranger. Her mother
cared only for her younger
brother and she suffered
very much from this. She
demanded her mother send
her to school and also took
private lessons in French
and Turkish. She started to
write poetry in Arabic and
French about the suppres-
sion of the Egyptian
woman.
When she was 13, Hada
married her old rich cousin
Ali Pasha Sharawi. She
continued her struggle for a
law to forbid young children
to marry. In the time of the
Egyptian War of Indepen-
dence in 1919, Mrs. Sharawi
organized demonstrations
of women for their rights. In
1932, she created a women's
movement, whose aim it
was to fight for equal rights
for women in all fields,
especially in marriage and
divorce. She sent a delega-
tion to a women's confer-
ence in Europe, whose
members appeared without
veils.
Mrs. Sharawi was called
"mother of the Egyptian
women." She fought for
allowing girls to study in
high schools and colleges.
She even helped older
women to go to school in
cities and villages. Even
today men in Egypt have
the right to marry four
wives and the married
woman is always in fear
that her husband might
expel her from her home in
order to live with other
women.
The woman Minister
for Social Problems in
Egypt, Dr. Amal Atman,
is fighting now for chang-
ing the law of marriage
and divorce. About 23
years ago the Egyptian
Parliament adopted a
law to grant the right for
women to vote. Today,
women are holding some
high official posts. Many
of them have finished
their studies in univer-
sities. A total of 55 per-
cent of them are working
as teachers. There are
women doctors and
lawyers and experts in
chemistry, physics and
sociology.
The woman minister has
prepared some proposals for
the working woman. The
present law does not grant
any rights to working
women who become
mothers. Women workers
have the right to leave their
jobs at the age of 60. They
are entitled to a pension. A
widow has also the right to
get a pension.
Egyptian women praise
the contribution of the wife
of the President, Jehan
Sadat, to the struggle for
equal rights for the Egyp-
tian woman. Mrs. Sadat is
very active in this struggle.
Owing to this, Egypt is the
most advanced country in
the Arab world in granting
rights to women. Only in
Lebanon women have suc-
ceeded in obtaining certain
rights, whereas in other
Arab countries there is still
strong discrimination
against women.
Synagogue
Services
ADAT SHALOM SYNAGOGUE: Services 6 p.m. today
and 9 a.m. Saturday. Glen Hirschberg, Bar Mitzva.
CONG. BETH ACHIM: Services 6 p.m. today and 8:45
a.m. Saturday. Robert Beck and Brian Greenstein,
Bnai Mitzva.
TEMPLE BETH EL: Services 5:30 p.m. today and 11 a.m.
Saturday. Rabbi Hertz will speak on "Aime Palliere
— French Proselyte of Judaism." Marc Remer, Bar
Mitzva.
CONG. BNAI MOSHE: Services 7 p.m tnany nnci f1 - 15
a.m. and 8:20 p.m. Saturday. P or. Sachs Bar Mitzva
at. Saturday evening service; , -
DOWNTOWN SYNAGOGUE: Services 8 a.m. Saturda
Rabbi Gamze will speak on "Napoleon Was Our
Friend."
CONG. SHAAREY ZEDEK: Services 6 p.m. today and
8:45 a.m. Saturday. Yale Cohen, Bar Mitzva.
CONG. T'CHIYAH: Services 10 a.m. Saturday,
conducted by Ira Harris.
Regular services will be held at Cong. Bais Chabad of
Farmington Hills, Cong. Bais Chabad of West Bloomfield,
Cong. Beth Abraham Hillel Moses, Cong. Beth .Isaac of
Trenton, Temple Beth Jacob, Cong. Beth Shalom, Cong.
Beth Tefilo Emanuel Tikvah, Cong. Beth Tephilath Moses
of Mt. Clemens, Birmingham Temple, Cong. Bnai David,
Cong. Bnai Israel of Pontiac, Cong. Bnai Israel-Beth
Yehudah, Cong. Bnai Jacob, Cong. Bnai Zion, Cong. Dovid
Ben Nuchim, Temple Emanu-El, Temple Israel, Temple
Kol Ami, Livonia Jewish Congregation, Cong. Mishkan
Israel Nusach H'Ari, Cong. Shaarey Shomayim (10 Mile
Jewish Center), Cong. Shomer Israel (18995 Schaefer),
Cong. Shomrey Emunah, Young Israel of Greenfield,
Young Israel of Oak-Woods and Young Israel of Southfield.
Reform Jewish Appeal Event
Nets a Total of $100,000
Opinions Differ
on Weber Case
NEW YORK — The
Anti-Defamation League of
Bnai Brith has cautioned
that the recent U.S. Sup-
reme Court decision uphold-
ing a race-conscious job
training program in Weber
vs. Kaiser Aluminum case
"does not sanction" the un-
restricted use of racial
quotas in employment.
A statement by Justin J.
Finger, ADL's national civil
rights director, emphasized
that the Supreme Court in
fact "took pains to limit the
thrust of its decision . . .
solely to affirmative action
plans designed to eliminate
`conspicuous racial imbal-
ance' in job categories that
were 'traditionally segre-
gated.' "
However, Finger said,
"the decision leaves us un-
easy since the potential for
abuse by employers who
may incorrectly read the
Weber decision as sanction-
ing unrestricted racial
quotas in employment is
ever present."
The president of the Na-
tional Conference of Chris-
tians and Jews hailed the
Supreme Court's decision.
Dr. David Hyatt said that
the majority opinion now
appears to be the "panacea"
for affirmative action pro-
grams by skeptical em-
ployers. He said that "con-
scientious efforts to estab-
lish such programs for
minorities and women can
now be easily pursued."
About $100,000 was raised for the Reform Jewish
Appeal to aid the causes of the Reform movement at a
dinner honoring Alvin Wasserman under sponsor-
ship of the Metropolitan Detroit Federation of Reform
Synagogues. Pictured at the event are, from left: Mr.
and Mrs. Paul Dizik, chairmen; the honoree, Wasser-
man and Mrs. Wasserman; Mrs. Marshall Miller, na-
tional board member of the Union of American He-
brew Congregations; the guest speaker, Rabbi Daniel
B. Syme, director of teh UAHC's Commission on Edu-
cation; and Bernard E. Linden, National vice chair-
man of the UAHC.
Bnai Brith Appoints Author
WASHINGTON —
Jewish author M. Hirsch
Goldberg has been named
director of communications
for Bnai Brith Interna-
tional.
Goldberg has written
"The Jewish Connection"
and "Just Because They're
Jewish." Previously he was
a columnist, editor and pub-
lic relations counselor.
He will be responsible for
Temple Services
Are Held Earlier
Temple Israel announces
its Shabat eve services will
be held at 5:45 p.m. Fridays
until Aug. 31. Sabbath serv-
ices will be held at their
regular time, 11 a.m.
Saturdays.
HIRSCH GOLDBERG
public relations and com-
munications at Bnai Brith.
Meeting Slated
The'Livonia Jewish Con-
gregation will hold its
semi-annual membership
meeting 8 p.m. Tuesday at
the synagogue. Ed Schnee
will speak on "Cults."