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THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

Leningrad Trial Anniversary Marked by Refusenik Women

WALTHAM, Mass. — A
group of refusenik women
will gather in a Moscdw
apartment today to hear
Mrs. Yuri Federov (wife of
prisoner of conscience Yuri
Federov) speak on the 1970
Leningrad trials in com-
memoration of the trials,

according to the Union of
Councils -for Soviet Jews.
In June 1970, 34 Jews,
applicants for visas to Is-
rael, were arrested in
Leningrad, Riga, Kishinev
and Tiblisi. Some of these
young men and women des-
perate in their frustration

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at repeated refusals of exit
visas, had attempted to
leave the country on their
own. Nine of them were ar-
rested at Leningrad's
Smolny Airport as they
were about to board an
airplane. Sixteen others
were arrested within 40
miles of the Finnish border,
attempting to walk to free-
dom. The others were ar-
rested in scattered places —
at work, at home, even on
vacation as far away as
Odessa.
The trials in December
1970 shook the Jewish
world. Jewish men and
women were being tried for
the crime of attempting to
leave the Soviet Union to go
to Israel. They faced sen-
tences of 10 years, 15 years,
even death for the "crime" of
applying to emigrate.
Some of the 34 were
soon released. Many now
live in Israel. Ten of them,
however, still wait in
Soviet prisons. Anatoly
Altman, Hillel Butman,
Mark Dymshitz, Leib
Khnokh, Edward Kuz-
netzov, Yosif Men-
delevich, Boris Penson
and Wolf Zalmanson
have two to seven years
remaining to their sen-
tences. Yuri Federov and
Alexi Murzhenko, sym-
pathetic non-Jews ar-
rested with the group,
must serve six and seven
more years.
All of these men are inno-
cent of any crime recognized
as such by international law
and agreement.
In Los Angeles the board
of directors of the Jewish
Federation Council's West-
ern Area Council has
adopted two Soviet Jews,
Altman and refusnik Uli
Kosharovsky.
In Montreal the Inter-
faith Task Force on Soviet
Jewry marked Human
Rights Weekend here with
prayers on behalf of pris-
oners of conscience in the
Soviet Union and a special
call for the release of jailed
activist Anatoly
Shcharansky.
Meanwhile, French
Socialist Deputy Jean
Poperen reported that
more than 40 French
towns have symbolically
adopted a Soviet -Jew
wanting to emigrate and
that many others will
adopt one- soon.
In a related development,
four of the six mass graves
of Jews massacred by the
Nazis during World War II
in the Zhitomer area of the
Soviet Union were desec-
rated and destroyed earlier
this month, it was reported
by the Al Tidom Associa-
tion.
The Jews interred at the
Jewish cemetery on the out-
skirts of Zhitomer are the
20,000 victims systemati-
cally exterminated by the
Nazis on Aug. 3, 1941. For
22 years afterwa ?cis,
numerous requests by local
Jews to be allowed to erect a
proper fence and a monu-
ment at the sites fell on deaf
ears. Then, in 1963, permis-
sion was granted for a
wooden fence to be built and
a small sign reading "Here

lie buried residents of
Zhitomer killed by the
Nazis from 1941 to 1945."
No recognition that the vic-
tims were Jews was permit-
ted, Al Tidom said.
In Boston, two organiza-
tions working for Soviet
Jews rejected charges by
Leon Dulzin, chairman of
the World Zionist Organiza-
tion and Jewish Agency
Executives, that they had
misrepresented facts in the
case of Jessica Katz.
Dulzin made his charge
in an address on Soviet
Jewry to the United
Jewish Appeal 40th an-
niversary conference in
New York.
The controversy arose
over the reported serious
illness of Jessica Katz, the
14-month-old daughter of
Boris and Natasha Katz of

Moscow who arrived in Bos-
ton recently from the Soviet
Union.
The child appeared to be

in good health when she ar-
rived although reports in
the press, some of them
based on information from
Soviet Jewry activists, and
some based on the newspap-
ers' own correspondents in
Moscow, stated that she was
gravely ill and was brought
to the U.S. for medical
treatment unavailable in
the Soviet Union. The child
had been ill last spring but
apparently recovered.

Friday, December;

11118 43

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