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THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
92 Friday, September 29, 1918
For Europe's Jews, Not a Good Year-
1938
By MAURICE
NEW YORK — Larry
SAMUELSON
Wachsman of Far Rocka-
(Copyright 1978, JTA, Inc.)
way, N.Y., has been ap-
In focusing on the Israeli
pointed Israel representa-
tive for students of Yeshiva 1948 independence battles,
Jewish communities have
University.
Wachsman will coordi- :overlooked the dark 12
nate special events in Israel months of 40 years ago. In
for Yeshiva University ad- 1938, Hitler began his head-
ministration and faculty long rush into war and sig-
visits, and Yeshiva U. pro- naled the destruction of
European Jewry.
grams in Israel.
The crowded calendar
that year contains not only
GREETINGS
the rape-. of Austria, the
M & M
sellout of Czechoslovakia at
AUTO- PARTS CO. Munich, but also the Kris-
9105-27 Michigan
tallnacht (crystal night) of
LU 2-9300
Nov. 9, during which virtu--
ally every synagogue in the
lira II 1,11, , •
Reich was destroyed and
every Jewish business at-
1,,t the \cti 1,111 -
tacked.
MERRILL
In this one brief pogrom,
PHARMACY
30,000 Jewish men were
RR 3 3390
5500 Ptir:tco
,(
sent to Dachau, Buchen-
FREE
wald or Sachsenhausen, a
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fine of one and a quarter bil-
New Year Greetings E lion marks was levied on the
Jewish community, which
MICHIGAN BAKERY = was also ordered to pay for
E the damage caused by the
SUPPLY CO.
-
Nazi gangs.
3261 Bellevue
571.3300
According to the
-
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GREETINGS
Niu• ) ear
MIAMI
BAKE-
SHOPPE
PASTOR COMPANY
-
Michigan s Most Complete
Cleaners -- Free Estimates
19971 JAS. COUZENS
342-4300
• • • • • • •-.-• • • • •
O
HAPPY NEW YEAR -
N•t i Ni rl t
Northland Glass & •
Shower Door Co.
PEKIN PAVILION
RESTAURANT
Originators of
3177 East Jefferson. Detroit
- •
Fine Shower Doori
7314
W. 7 Mile Rood
DI 1-0455
259-1510
are,
•
—
I
mill M otil•
New Year Greetings
NEU 1E In GREET! \(, ti
PIEDMONT AUTO
ELECTRIC SERVICE
OAKLAND WASTE
MATERIAL CO.
Buyers of
Scrap Metal-Bags
TR 3-2575
1534 Gillet
Motor Tune-Up Specialists
Trucks and Passenger Cars
E. E. Harrison
19215 Plymouth BR 2-1600
Happy Holiday To All
Best Wrshes to Out Many Friends and
Customers tot a Happy New Year
SOL
Sid and Lou Fishman
OLYMPIC
YAGODA
Sporting Goods Co.
Your Budweiser. Micheloo
Beer and Natural Lite Distributors
19129 Livernois
Orchard Mall 6393 Orchard lake Rd
W Bloomfield
398.1254
21070 Coolidge
A Happy, Healthy New Year
to the entire community
FRIENDSHIP MATERIALS, INC.
14395 Schaefer, Detroit
Best Wishes To All Our
Friends, Relatives - and Customers
FOR A
1WIZ/1 rIZIM ri:V5
Junction-McGregor Waste Paper 81 Metal Co.
5650 McGregor. Detroit
Fanny Rosen
554-3705
Rosalyn & Harvey Meyer and Children
Best Wishes For A
Happy and Healthy New Year
LESTER, HAROLD,
RAYMOND GREENSPAN
NOR LES SALES
2260 Scott Lake Rd.
Poptiac, Mich. 48054
Anglo-Jewish historian,
Lionel Kochan, 1938 saw
not only the end of Ger
mah Jewry but also the
beginning of the end for
the Jewries of the entire
continent. "The Novem-
ber pogrom was only the
most startling symptom
of impending collapse.
And in this lies its deepest
significance to the his-
tory of modern Jewry,"
he wrote in his 1957 book,
"Pogrom."
Nov. 9 was called Crystal
Night because of the heaps
of splintered glass outside
the Jewish property
wrecked on that night
throughout Germany and
Austria.
The pretext for this huge
operation was the assassi-
nation of Ernst von Rath, a
junior official at the Ger-
man Embassy in Paris on
Nov. 7. He was shot by a
young Polish Jew, Herschel
Grynspan, whose parents
were among thousands of
others of Polish origin de-
ported to the German-
Polish border. Grynspan
himself miraculously sur-
vived the war and continued
afterwards to live in Paris.
Poland decided to de-
naturalize Jews who had
lived abroad for more than
five years, and overnight
50,000 living in Gerinany
became stateless.
On Oct. 28, the Gestapo
rounded up about 17,000
of these people and
dumped them in appal-
ling conditions in the no
man's land between the
two countries. Among
them were the parents of
Grynspan, who had lived
in Germany for almost 20
years. Grynspan himself,
living in Paris with a
forged passport, pleaded
in vain to President
Roosevelt to allow his
parents into the United
States.
On Nov. 7, he went to the
German Embassy, where in
a calculated, desperate act
of protest, he shot von Rath.
"I was driven by a force I
cannot describe," he said la-
ter. "It is not a crime to be a
Jew. We are not dogs . . . I
was baited like a beast."
His act was in symbolic
contrast with the helpless-
ness of German Jewry dur-
ing the previous five years
of Nazi rule. But it was a gift
to the Nazis, who used it as
a pretext for unbridled re-
venge against the combined
Jewries of Germany and
Austria.
In the wake of Chamber-
lain's behavior at Munich,
too, the Nazis had little
cause to heed world public
opinion. The British charge
d'affaires in Berlin re-
ported to London that he
and the American Ambas-
sador agreed "that any in-
tervention would do more
harm than good." -
In vain did Jewish
leaders like Chaim
Weizmann warn the
British that "the fire from
the synagogues may eas-
ily spread from there to
Westminister Abbey and
the other great English
c4hedrals . . :th e pow-
titisatit.tkkosti,
,
-
ers which stand looking
on without taking any
measures to prevent the
crime will one day be vis-
ited by severe punish-
ment."
The leaders of the democ-
racies were loath to inter-
vene on behalf of persecuted
Jewry because they
willfully ignored the link
between Hitler's martial
ambitions and his violence
against the Jews.
Yet the Germans them-
selves perceived the link. "It
is probably no coincidence
that 1938, the year of de-
stiny, has not only brought
the realization of the con-
cept of a greater Germany,
but at the same time has
also brought the Jewish
question close to solution,"
said a German Foreign
Ministry circular in
January 1939.
It was in 1938 that Mus-
solini's Italy finally adopted
an out-right anti-Jewish
policy and both Hungary
and Poland passed anti-
Jewish laws even before
they were conquered by the
Nazis. The German docu-
ment, already quoted,
added triumphantly: "Now
the German political suc-
cess at Munich, like an
earthquake with its differ-
ent tremors, is beginning
everywhere, even in remote-
countries, to shatter the
position which the Jews
have consolidated for cen-
turies." - -
In the months and
years which followed, the
destruction of European
Jewry would be on a
scale which few dared
imagine even in 1938. But
before the year ended it
was already racing
towards the precipice.
The calendar of events in
1938 was:
In January: Germany ex-
pels Russian Jews, includ-
ing those resident since the
October revolution; Goering
initiates expropriation of
Jewish assets; arrests
authorized for anybody who
"endangers 'yolk' and
state."
March: Anschluss —
anti-Jewish laws applied to.
200,000 Austrian Jews;
registration of Jewish prop-
erty ordered.
April: Jewish communal
bodies lose legal status.
May: Mass deporta-
tions to Dachau.
June: Munich Synagogue
publicly destroyed; mass
deportations of Jewish
males to Buchenwald for
forced labor; Buchenwald,
Dachau, and Sac-
hsenhausen enlarged.
July: Jews have to carry
special identity cards.
August: Nuremberg
Synagogue destroyed; Jews
must assume names "Is-
rael" and "Sarah"; Munich
conference awards Sudeten-
land to Germany.
September: Jewish
doctors barred from
practicing.
October: Special - stamps
put on all Jewish passports;
17,000. former Polish Jews
expelled to German-Polish
no-man's land.
November: Kristallnacht
Best !Fishes Jar a
Happy _Vex Year
DAVIS IRON
WORKS, Inc.
pogrom: removal of Jews
from German economy de-
creed; . Jewish lawyers bar-
red from practicing; Jewish
pupils expelled from "A-
ryan" schools.
December: compulsory
Aryanization of all Jewish
enterprises and shops.
Season's Greetings
FISHER
PROVISION CO.
1515 Division
The Falasha Jews of "Eth-
iopia number 30,000 and live
in isolated villages in the
northwest part of the coun-
try. At one time they num-
bered some half-million,
their history dating back, to
the Queen of Sheba.
Holicloy Good Cheer
GLOBE PAR
SERVICE IN
(Jilt PC11(
f•I
f t,r
■
Over
6720 Michigan
••
894-5350
New Yea, Gieetings
New Year Greetings
Leo Knight-
Photography
BLUESTEIN BROS.
Declers in Scrap Mot,2r.ols
3.195 BELLEVUE
WA
2 2/20
26571 W. 12 Mile - R4
!
Southfield
352-7030j
liappy \•a ) rar
:Crown -Cloak Co., Inc.:
1425 Broadway
•
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II It it I I
(0 ,,, , ,, Uormy Reims lo
Lastar
ELECTRIC CO.
Electrical Contractors
31681 Deguindre
Madison Heights. Mich
A Happy Healthy New - Year
- To All From
Drake Printing Co •
2000 West 8 Mile Rd.
Ferndale, Mich 48220
Happy _Vete Year Jo All
-
IDEAL JEWELRY CO.
30100 Telegraph Rd., Suite 102
Birmingham, Mich. 18010
LINCOLN BARBER SHOP
_Wishes Their Customers
A Happy Healthy
NEW YEAR
26090 Greenfield. Oak Park
RACHELLE DRAPERIES
wish
to extend greetings for a year of Health.
Happiness and Prospect? to -
all our customers and friends
KE 7-4339
Samuel & Manny Laski and Families
-
S & M HEATING SALES CO.
Wishes Everyone A Happy
- NEW YEAR
NEW YEAR GREETINGS
From Your 7 Mile Greenfield
OLDSMOBILE' DEALER
WOODRUFF OLDSMOBILAID
"Still Superior Service"
342-7000
.15000 W. 7 Mile Rd.
Best Wishes to Our Friends and Patrons
for a Happy New Year
CAPITOL WASTE PAPER CO.
AUTO CITY IRON & METAL CO.
Hy & Harold Lipsitz and Family