THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
22 Friday, September 1, 1918
Urofsky's Chronicled Story of American Zionism
Shows Years of Solidarity Despite Many Conflicts
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Current speculative dis-
cussions about American
Jewry's reactions to the
policies of the Israel gov-
ernment headed by
Menahem Begin have dealt
with reactions that have
often been interpreted as
marking sharp divisions in
Jewish ranks. Did the
"Peace Now" movement in
Israel have its effects on
American Jewry? Are there
really sharp divisions
emerging from the ap-
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Exciting entertainment for your club or organization. An
amazing demonstration of ESP and mind reading with audi-
ence participation.
547-2464
Mel Eisenberg
ycri
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present differences of
views may be in Zionist
Jewish ranks, there were
rifts in the past that were
far more serious. The
internal squabbles be-
tween Stephen S. Wise
and Abba Hillel Silver in
the years that preceded
the rebirth of Israel are
e tte ,(N
detailed by Dr. Urofsky
with historical accuracy.
The conflict in the
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proaches to the issues by
President Jimmy Carter?
Whatever the inner
wrangling, the fact remains
that American Jewry
demonstrates support for
Israel. It is implied in the
very title of the newest work
by Prof. Melvin I. Urofsky.
Under the main heading
"We Are One!" — note the
exclamation mark — he
deals with the developing
situations and with the his-
tory of a long relationship
between Israel and U.S.
Jewry in his newest work,
subtitled "American Jewry
and Israel" (Doubleday).
The fact that Dr. Urofsky
based the title of his book on
the UJA slogan of two years
ago is an added indication of
an aim at giving credence to
a basic theme affirming
Jewish unity.
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the time of Dr. Nahum
Goldmann, who sought to
delimit the activities of
American Zionists and to
retain a dominating role
for himself, are among
the experiences detailed
in the new and very im-
portant Urofsky compila-
tion of historical facts
about American Jewry
and Zionism.
Dr. Urofsky, who heads
the history department at
Virginia Commonwealth
College, traces the unity
that has developed to the
Biltmore Conference of
1942. The drama of that
event is introductory to a
review of Jewish viewpoints
which emerges in the
Urofsky-researched study
as a history of struggles in
Zionist ranks and the view-
points that existed in the
anti-Zionist ranks which
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MELVIN I. UROFSKY
later developed into non-
Zionism.
Dr. Urofsky's resume of
approaches to unity both in
Zionist and Jewish ranks is
especially imbedded in his
evaluation of the historic
Biltmore Conference. It was
held six years before state-
hood and the conflict was
deep-rooted. American
Jewish Committee leader
Joseph Proskauer opposed
outright declarations and
Zionists were not necessar-
ily united on the subject of a
declaration for statehood.
Dr. Urofsky's view is intro-
ductory to later achieve-
ments and he summarizes:
"Within the movement,
Biltmore can be seen as a
major step on the road to
statehood. It defined an
Endziel, an 'end goal,'
around which all factions
could rally, a 'maximum ob-
jective' upon which there
was near-unanimous
agreement.
"Before that 'maximum
objective' could be realized,
however, American
Zionism would have to con-
quer its own internal fac-
tionalization, and even
more important, overcome
rather substantial opposi-
tion within the American
Jewish community."
Zionism, Israel and espe-
cially the partnership of
American Jewry and it
leads to the consideration of
the chief topic of the book. It
is the aspect of Jewish unity
that is impressive. The for-
mation of the Presidents
Club and the subsequent
Conference of Presidents of
Major American Jewish
Organizations are reviewed
in tracing the struggles in
leadership ranks and the
subsequent over-all
achievement of the unity
emphasized in this volume.
Is there a future for
Zionism? What form does
Jewish unity assume?
Even when in a state of
flux, is the partnership of
American Jewry with Is-
rael endangered? The
"We Are One!" slogan
appears to be the Urofsky
answer but it is marked
by an evaluation well
worth quoting in a con-
clusion that serves as
guidelines by the author
who asserts:
"There has been and con-
tinues to be hope that Israel
will provide the ballast
keeping Judaism in
America stable, an anchor
holding fast against the
strong currents of assimila-
tion. But can Israel, by it-
self, accomplish such tasks?
For one thing, one can be a
strong supporter of Israel."
He asserts:
"Ideally, the Zionist
movement might have be-
come the chief instrument
of communication and
mediation between Israel
and American Jewry, but
the deliberate sabotage of
the American organizations
after 1948 practically de-
stroyed this opportunity.
"David Polish and others
still hope that Zionism
might yet become 'a meas-
ure by which the Jewish
state and the Galut will test
one another's achievements
in terms transcending poli-
tics or immediacy.' But
whether Zionism can be-
come, once again, a potent
force in American Jewish
life is debatable.
of communication between
Israel and American Jewry.
"Such a conduit, however,
is desperately needed, for a
lasting and fruitful
partnership between Israel
and American Jewry cannot
be built on support during
crises alone.
"A partnership, and
that is what American
Jewry has always
envisioned, needs stabil-
ity, trust, and, above all,
honest and at times criti-
cal dialogue. It also re-
quires respect of the
peculiar problems and
traits of the other.
"And most important,
there must be a willingness
to recognize not only the ties
that bind each to the other,
but also the problems that
separate them. Only then
can partners begin to deal
with their differences and, if
possible, resolve them."
Of the many bookshelves
of volumes dealing with
Zionism and Israel, Dr.
Urofsky's current "We Are
One!" and his earlier book,
"American Zionism, From
Herzl to the Holocaust,"
combine to offer one of the
most thorough historical
studies of the major topic on
the agenda of Jewish life.
The present book is an
enrichment of a serious ef-
fort that commends Prof.
Urofticy among the most
brilliant of the Zionist-
Israel-Jewry's historians.
Jewish Tradition
Anti-Gambling
By RABBI SAMUEL FOX
(Copyright 1878. JTA, Inc.)
Jewish tradition frowns
on gambling. There are
generally two basic reasons
The subsequent events,
why Judaism is against the
analyzed by Dr. Urofsky,
practice of gambling.
provide a history of
One reason is that this
negotiations, internal
practice represents a waste
disputes, differing ideas
of time that could have been
and attitudes that mark
spent in positive, productive
chapters in both Zionism
efforts that would have be-
and American Jewish re-
nefited both the individual
lations with Israel, all
and society. The time allot-
leading to the viewpoint
ted to one's life is considered
that "We Are One!" which
valuable and to waste it is
gives emphasis to the
tantamount to sin.
current unification of
The second reason is that
"But if Zionism cannot
purposes.
The internecine strife al- serve as the instrument of the loser in the pastime of
gambling
is not freely giv-
ready referred to had its dialogue neither can any
climax with an emerging other American or Israeli ing up that which he lost
with
a
full
measure of free
unity at the end of the war agency now in existence.
and the struggle against The United Jewish Ap- will. The winner's stakes
British obstructions to peal is certainly striving are somewhat considered as
Jewish immigration and to develop into that type illegal acquisitions, border-
the settling of survivors of instrumentality, with ing upon thievery.
Compulsive and regular
from Nazism into Palestine. an increasing part of its
The immense role played by resources going toward gamblers are actually dis-
qualified as witnesses, ac-
American Jewry in the lob- Jewish education.
"Begun by the UJA cording to Jewish law.
bying as well as construc-
tive efforts that led to the Young Leadership Cabinet
Menahem Begin: "The
Partition resolution at the more than 15 years ago, the
government and people of
UN and the accompanying program now has more than
Israel heard with great
tasks of mobilizing public 35,000 young Jewish men
shock of the bringing to trial
opinion are extensively out- and women in development
of Anatoly Shcharansky on
lined in the events seminars, training sessions,
charges of treason and spy-
and courses.
chronicled by Dr. Urofsky.
ing. Such a trial clearly
"Irving Bernstein, execu-
The militancy of Dr. Abba
threatens the life of a man
Hillel Silver and David tive vice president of the
who has been libelled by the
Ben-Gurion is especially UJA, believes that before
Soviet regime through false
emphasized in the analyses. the 1967 war, the campaign
and terrible charges. -
Statehood and the accom- was used to raise funds; now
"All of enlightened hu-
panying problems and it is used to raise Jews. But
manity
knows that Anatoly
achievements as well as the while the UJA may he tend-
difficulties encountered ing in the right direction, it Shcharansky is innocent of
all charges. His one wish
could well serve as a volume still has a long way to go
was to emigrate to Israel
all its own. It assumes sig- before it can or will be ac-
..."
nificance in the story of cepted as the major means