THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
10 Friday, October 7, 1977
U.S., Panana Say UN Action Will Have No Effect on Anyone's Use of Canal
You must not refuse to
lend a book even to an
enemy, for the cause of
learning will suffer.
MIAMI BEACH
OCEANFRONT'S
FINEST VALUE
BY JOSEPH POLAKOFF
(Copyright 1977, JTA, Inc.)
Among questions con-
cerning the new Panama
Canal treaties that require
explicit definition at the
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U.S. Senate hearings, in the
Senate debate to follow and
from the. Panamanian
authorities is whether the
U.S.-Panama accord is the
final word on any nation's
use of the waterway.
The Jewish Telegraphic
Agency asked U.S. and Pan-
amanian spokesmen
whether the treaties super-
sede any possible action by
the United Nations that may
impinge on the U.S.-Pan-
amanian treaties.
The State Department
replied, that no country's
ships - can be legally barred
from transiting the canal
and that if a country is con-
demned by the UN it still
could have its ships go
through the waterway.
At the Panamanian
Embassy, Counselor Marina
Mayo told JTA "the canal
-will be open at all times to
vessels of all nations on an
unrestricted basis without
discrimination. Panama
might apply sanctions as a
government but it would not
apply sanctions towards
another country's use of the
waterway."
***
The fact that Sol M.
Linowitz, former chairman
of the board of Xerox and
former U.S. Ambassador to
the Organization of Ameri-
can States, naa a major
part in the shaping of the
treaties, is additional testi-
mony to the important roles
Jews have had in Panama's
external and domestic
affairs.
Linowitz, in association
with Ellsworth Bunker. not
only performed a lion's
share of the negotiation for
the United States but he
also was called upon by
President Carter to con-
vince such organizations
like the American Legion to
approve the treaties and to
persuade the Senate of their
need.
Jewish traders and finan-
ciers helped cement U.S.-
Panamanian relations at the
time the canal was being
contemplated and when it
was being dug under Ameri-
can auspices. Jews were in
the narrow waist of Panama
when Americans and others
were crossing it on their
way to the California Gold
Rush in 1849.
Three centuries before
that, the first Spanish colo-
nial governor of the Pan-
amanian province of Colum-
bia was the Marrano Pedro
Arias Davila. While a Cath-
olic, Davila is widely
regarded in Central Amer-
ica as a Jew and was one of
many like him who /were
Text of U.S., USSR Joint
Statement on M. E . Released
UNITED NATIONS (JTA) — The text of the joint U.S.-
Soviet statement on the Middle East:
•Both governments are convinced that vital interests of
the peoples of this area as well as the interests of strength-
eing peace and international security in general urgently
dictate the necessity of achieving as soon as possible a just
and lasting settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict. This set-
tlement should be comprehensive, incorporating all parties
concerned and all questions.
The United States and the Soviet Union believe that
within the framework of a comprehensive settlement of the
Mddle East problem, all specific questions of the settle-
ment should be resolved, including such key issues as with-
drawal of Israeli armed forced from territories occupied in
the 1967 conflict; the resolution of the Palestinian question
including insuring the legitimate rights of the Palestinian
people; termination of the state of war and establishment
of normal peaceful relations on the basis of mutual recogni-
tion of the principles of sovereignty. territorial integrity
and political independence.
The hvo governments believe that, in addition to such
measures for insuring the security of the borders between
Israel and the neighboring Arab states as the establishment
of demilitarized zones and the agreed stationing in them of
United Nations troops or observers, international guaran-
tees of such borders as well as of the observance of the
terms of the settlement can also be established, should the
contracting parties so desire. The United States and the
Soviet Union are ready to participate in these guarantees,
subject to their constitutional processes.
'The United States and the Soviet Union believe that the
only right and effective way for achieving a fundamental
solution to all aspects of the Middle East problem in its
entirety is negotiations within the framework of the Geneva
Peace Conference, specially convened for these purposes.
with participation in its work of the representatives of all
the parties involved in the conflict, including those of the
Palestinian people. and legal and contractual formalization
of the decisions reached at the conference.
In their capacity as co-chairman of the Geneva Confer-
ence, the U.S. and the USSR affirm their intention through
joint efforts and in their contacts with the parties con-
cerned to facilitate in every way the resumption of the
work of the Conference not later than December 1977. The
co-chairmen note that there still exist several questions of a
procedural and organizational nature which remain to be
agreed upon by the participants to the Conference.
•Guided by the goal of achieving a just political settle-
ment in the Middle East and of eliminating the explosive
situation in this area of the world. the U.S. and the USSR
appeal to all the parties in the conflict to understand the
necessity for careful consideration of each other's legiti-
mate rights and interests and to demonstrate mutual read-
iness to act accordingly.
sent to the Isthmus in those
years to help colonize
Spain's new territories.
In 1967, another Jew, Max
Del Valle, . became Pan-
ama's president for a brief
time. In a political upsurge
that year, the government's
head was deposed and Del
Valle as vice president
assumed his duties until a
new government took
charge. Del Valle is one of
the two Jews outside of
Israel who served as presi-
dent of a country. The other
is the late Moses Pijada
who was Yugoslavia's presi-
dent in the early years of
Tito's authority after World
War II. Many Jews have
been prime ministers.
Panama's present Jewish
population of about 2,000 in
a total of about 1,600,000 is
about 60 percent Sephardim.
The country's first Jews
under Panamanian rule
were from the Spanish-Por-
tuguese communities on the
Dutch and British islands in
the Caribbean. At present,
Panama City has about
1,500 Jews. Colon includes
some 200 and there are scat-
terings in David, Chitre and
other towns. Jews are
active in the country's polit-
ical, cultural and
intellectual life.
center contributed also
towards Jewish life in
Panama.
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PLAYING AT THE
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In the Panama Canal
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Rabbis affiliated with the
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