THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

V

Friday, July 9, 1976 25

Great Britain's Palestine Mandate Reviewed

By ALLEN A. WARSEN

Turkey after World War I
lost many of its territories.
Those of the Fertile Cres-
cent were converted into
mandates. Syria and Leba-
non were assigned to
France. Iraq and Palestine
were entrusted to Great
Britain.
"The Struggle for Pales-
tine" by J. C. Hurewitz
(Schocken Books) is the
story of the Palestine Man-
date under British rule.
In accordance with the
terms of the mandate, Brit-
ain was charged with the re-
sponsibility of establishing
a Jewish National Home in
Palestine. Instead, Britain
was ruling Palestine as if it
were a Crown Colony and
the government it formed
there was composed entirely
of British officials.
Nevertheless, the Yis-
huv (the Jewish commu-
nity) and the Arabs gained
a considerable measure of
religious and educational
autonomy.
The Yishuv took full ad-
vantage of its autonomous

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religious status. and grad-
ually "created an adminis-
trative apparatus in which
the national and secular fea-
tures took precedence over
the religious."
The Yishuv, unlike the
Palestine government, was
democratically adminis-
tered. Its legislature, the
Assembly, was elected by
voters 20-year-old and older.
The Assembly chose a Na-
tional Council, and it, in
turn, appointed an executive
"charged with the actual ad-
ministration of the commu-
nity."
It is noteworthy that al-
ready in the 1920's the Yis-
huv had a multiple-party
system. By 1936 the number
of parties increased to 10,
not including the ultra-Or-
thodox and the Commun-
ists. The former refused to
participate politically for
religious reasons and the
latter were not permitted to
participate because they
condemned Zionism "as a
tool of British imperialism,"
and supported the Arab po-
sition.
It is well to remember
that the Palestine Jews by
administering their com-
munal affairs and main-
taining a clandestine
army, the Hagana, gained
"valuable experience in
self-help."
As soon as World War II

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"D'vekus"
means
"cleaving." It represents an
attachment to the Almighty
in every walk of life. This
was especially to be ob-
tained through prayer re-
cited with fervor and glad-
ness. Any act of life
performed with this attach-
ment to the Almighty is
said to bring "spiritual plea-
sure" to the individual.
This means that any
physical act can become a
spiritual act if one senses
the attachment he should
have to the Almighty. This
was a fulfillment of a bibli-
cal requirement to the Jew
"in all thy ways know Him."

The communication with
God that can be achieved
through prayer is not
turned off when formal
prayer ends. It extends and
spreads to every phase of
the life of the Jews so that
his communication with the
Almighty continues every
moment of the day. The
Lord becomes a partner in
every enterprise of the Jew.
Thus a Jew is filled with
optimism which leads to joy
because he can never fail if
the Almighty is always at
his side.

The Diligent

The hand of the diligent
shall hear rule; but the
slothful shall he under trib-
ute.
—Proverbs

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flounced the creation in the
partitioned part of Palestine
the state of Israel."
"The Struggle for Pales-
tine" is an important contri-
bution to Jewish history,
especially to the state of Is-
rael.

from Plugot ha-Mahaz
(striking force), and
"formed the nucleus of the
later elite commando force
of Haganah."
While the war was still
going on, "The parties in
control of the quasi-govern-
ment gradually shifted
from the traditional de-
mand for the further devel-
opment of the national
home to the demand for the
immediate establishment of
a Jewish state."
The American Zionists,
too, at their conference held
at the Biltmore Hotel in
New York in 1942 decided to
press for the establishment
of a Jewish state in Pales-
tine.
The demand reached the
United Nations in 1947, op-
posed by the Arabs.
As anticipated, the Arabs
condemned the decision of
the General Assembly. The
Palestine Jews welcomed it.
At once, they began "to
establish their authority
over zones assigned to them
by the General Assembly's
resolution." They formed a
Provisional National Coun-
cil, elected a Provisional
Cabinet, and on May 14,
1948, David Ben-Gurion as
prime minister and minister
of defense issued the gov-
ernment's "declaration of
independence and an-

Rabbi Explains
Term D'vekus

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broke out in 1939, the Yis-
huv prepared to fight on the
side of the Allies. The Bri-
tish, however. refused to
accept the Jews as allies,
fearing Arab repercussions.
Nonetheless, as the Near
East became more and more
involved in the war, the
British, out of necessity,
decided to enable "the Pa-
lestine Jews slowly to aug-
ment their recruits for the
Allied armed forces."
The Palestine Jews, how-
ever, did not wait for British
permission. They strength-
ened their military forces as
soon as the war started.
They, moreover, drew up a
blueprint "for the total mo-
bilization of the economy
and manpower of the Yis-
huv."
Jewish troops fought in
the Mediterranean, Euro-
pean and African theatres
of war; and when it
seemed that the axis de-
sert forces at al'Alamayn
might overpower the Al-
lied forces "some 1,500
carefully selected youths,
drawn from the collective
villages (kibutzim) were
secretly trained as Jewish
guerrillas by the British
army with War Office ap-
proval. They were to be
charged with sabotage and
partisan warfare in the
event of a German occupa-
tion of Palestine."
Officially they were
known as "The Jewish Rural
Special Police," unofficially,
as Palmah, abbreviated

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