Specially Planned Housing for Olim
Chinese Jewish Communities Now Extinct
Encyclopedia Judaica
hai; about 1,000 of them be- (1917,
longed to various European states.
On the eve of the Pacific
nationalities and 750 were
early refugees from Nazism; War, a total of 25,000 to
some 500 came from Russia; 30,000 Jews were living in
some 400 were British sub- China, including Manchuria.
jects, mostly from India and Some of them, victims of
Iraq; and some 50 were Hitlerism, found a precarious
Americans. Tientsin also had shelter in Japanese-occupied
a population of about 2,000, Shanghai between 1938 and
half of whom were of Rus- 1941, later enlarged by Jew-
sian origin. The Russian- ish communities deported
Jewish population of Harbin from Japan. After the end
amounted to some 5,000 of World War II, the Jews
people. Most of the Russian in China were given an op-
Jews were refugees from portunity to proceed to other
the Russian revolution of parts of the world. Russian
Jews were urged by the So-
viet authorities to return to
Jewish Students
the Soviet Union, and prac-
tically all the Jews from
at Georgia U. Get Manchuria
had to follow this
Holiday Excuse
invitation as Manchuria was
ATLANTA (JTA) — Offi- cut off from the rest of the
cials of the University of country by civil war. A few
Georgia at Athens have an- elderly Jews without families
nounced that special arrange- were allowed to live out their
ments have been made for days in Shanghai.
the estimated several hundred
Neither the Chinese
Jewish students affected by People's Republic nor the
the scheduling or registration Nationalist Chinese govern-
and the first day of classes ment have any diplomatic
on the first two days of Rosh relations with Israel.
Hashana.
University officials inform-
ed the regional office of the Mass Communication
Anti - Defamation Le ague, in Adult Study Aired
which reported the conflict to
JERUSALEM —A day-long
the university and asked for seminar on mass communi-
special arrangements for the cations as a means for en-
Jewish students, that the ar- hancing adult education was
rangements had been made. held at the Hebrew Univer-
Stuart Lewengrub, regional sity's Martin Buber Adult
ADL directOr, said he had Education Center on Mount
been informed that the uni- Scopus in cooperation with
versity has a system of pre- the university's division for
registration available to all communications media in
students, that Jewish students education. Participating were
may register on a different 40 educators and media ex-
date, if they have not or can- perts.
not pre-register, and that stu-
dents who miss the first day
of classes because of the
High Holy Days will be ex-
cused and a notice sent to
the
faculty.
THE DETROIT JEWISH HEWS
22—Friday, August 2, 1974
There are virtually no Jews
living in mainland China to-
day.
Jews, however, had visit-
ed China as long ago as
the 8th Century. They
probably arrived by caravan
from or via Persia across
Central Asia. Some arrived
by sea along the Muslim
trade route to the southern
Chinese port of Canton.
There, during a rebellion in
878-79, some 120,000 Mus-
lims, Jews and other foreign-
ers were massacred. It seems
that the stay of Jews in
Chinese territory at that time
was only temporary.
A cohesive group of Jews,
some 1,000, settled in the
9th or 10th Century at the
invitation of the emperor in
Kaifeng. They spoke new
Persian and came from either
India or Persia. Some 250 of
their descendants whose Jew-
ishness has been lost through
intermarriage are still living
in Kaifeng, states the Ency-
clopedia Judaica.
Marco Polo, who visited
China toward the end of the
13th Century, reported that
Jews, Muslims, and Christians
were disputing their respec-
tive religions before the Mon-
gol conqueror and his court.
Three decrees issued in China
under Mongol rule indicate
that the number of Jews must
have been sizeable. No new
Jewish communities were
formed in China until the
middle of the 19th Century.
With the cession of Hong
Kong to Great Britain and
the establishment of foreign
concessions in Shanghai,
Tientsin and other cities,
substantial settlement of Jews
began. By 1937, about 10,000
Jews were living in China.
Some 2,000 lived in Shang-
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German-Jewish
Editor Retires
BONN — Herman Lewy,
who had been chief editor of
t h e Allgemeine Judische
Wochenzeitung, since 1964
and was co-publisher from
1970 to 1972, has retired. The
new chief editor is Friedrich
Uttitz, who joined the edi-
torial staff last year.
Lewy spoke in a newspaper
interview about the tradi-
tions of the Jewish press in
Germany which was founded
in Berlin by Moses Mendel-
sohn in 1750.
According to Lewy, there
were 65 Jewish newspapers
and periodicals up to 1933,
with a total circulation of
more than 1,000,000. The
newspapers, which ranged
from "extreme right to ex-
treme left", appeared in Yid-
dish or Hebrew.
Immediately after the de-
cline of national socialism a
new Jewish newspaper "Der
Weg" appeared in Berlin in
1946.
This later merged with the
Allgemeine Judische Wochen-
zeitung, which today has a
circulation of 35,000, and is
read in 51 countries. A
news sheet is published
quarterly for the 600 Jews
living in the German Demo-
cratic Republic (in the Fed-
eral Republic there a r e
27,000).
Money is never a problem
—as long as you don't have
it.
NEW YORK—A new hous-
ing project to accommodate
more than 1,000 families
who have made aliya, is un-
der construction in the Ju-
dean Hills near Bet Shemesh,
Israel.
The project, planned by
the Young Israel Aliya Hous-
ing and Development Corp.
under the sponsorship of the
Midwest Council of Young
Israel, will group ohm from
similar backgrounds and in-
terests.
Project director, Daniel J.
Frucher said that "by offer-
Youth to Help Poor
Rebuild, Fix Homes
NEW YORK (JTA) — A
total of 40 Jewish junior and
senior high school students
from five states — 22 girls
and 18 boys, are at work at
three sites in the 1974 sum-
mer work camp program of
the American Jewish Society
for Service.
Most of the workers are
from the New York Metro-
politan area and from cul-
turally advantaged homes
who have volunteered in pro-
grams to raise the standard
of living of people in de-
pressed areas.
According to Henry Kohn,
AJSS chairman, the volun-
teers will build and rehabili-
tate homes in Washington
and Alabama and will build
a rural crafts shop in Or-
land, Maine. The other two
areas are in Tacoma, Wash.,
and Auburn, Ala.
ing a life-style that closely
resembles t h e standards
Americans have come to ap-
preciate and expect, the Bet
Shemesh Project looks
toward alleviating some of
the major difficulties pro-
spective olim encounter." He
said the project is aimed at
minimizing the- frustration,
inconvenience and hardships
which new olim face.
Although the project is
imitative of American sub-
urban living, residents will
be near enough to the con-
veniences of the big cities,
but far enoough away to
avoid the congestion and
other problems of urban cen-
ters. The project will be
completed in 1976.
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