Profs Shulman, Morgenthau Differ on. Detente;
Relevance of Soviet-U.S. Attitudes Debated

NEW YORK—Two leading
foreign policy experts differ-
ed sharply on what the de-
portation of Alexander Solz-
henitsyn meant for the pros-
pects of U.S.-Soviet detente.
Prof. Hans J. Morgenthau
of the City University of New
York told 500 delegates at-
tending the opening session
of the American Jewish Con-
gress national biennial con-
vention at the Roosevelt
Hotel here that "a govern-
ment as totalitarian as the
present Soviet government is
bound to prove an unreliable
partner in detente."
Detente is possible, he
said, "only when a common
morality, absent in the So-
viet Union, exists among
nations."
Prof. Marshall Shulman,
man, director of Columbia
University's Russian Insti-
tute, said that although Solz-
henitsyn's exile showed the
USSR "still throttles crea-
ativity and freedom of in-
quiry," that fact "should not
deflect us from our main ob-
jective in our relations with
the Soviet Union, which must
be to reduce the danger of
nuclear war. Unless we suc-
ceed in that objective all
other objectives lose their
meaning."
(Prof. Shulman is the son
of Mrs. Harry M. Shulman of
Detroit).
The two professors—who
delivered separate addresses
and then engaged in a col-
loquy moderated by Prof.
Henry Rosovsky, dean of
the Harvard University Fac-
ulty of Arts' and Sciences
and chairman of the Ameri-
can Jewish Congress Com-
mission- on International Af-
fairs — also took different
positions on the U.S. attitude

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toward Soviet domestic poli- factual reporting and politi-
cal interpretation in the So-
viet Union but also moral
Prof. Shulman declared:
"We have a strong interest judgment: the Soviet Union
in the right of Jews and appears as the champion of
others who wish to emigrate all that is good in the world,
from the Soviet Union to do especially peace, while the
so without harassment and United States, bent on war,
without arbitrary discrimina- is the incarnation of evil.
"If the leaders of the So-
tion against individuals or
viet Union believe these fic-
groups of people.
"It would be short-sighted tions—and there is no reason
for us to try to accomplish to assume they do not—de-
this purpose by presenting tente can be no more than
the Soviet leadership with a breathing spell in an on-
frontal demands by our gov- going struggle for total
ernment for changes in their stakes.
"It is at this point that the
emigration policy and other
aspects of their system of character of the Soviet gov-
ernment and its domestic
political control.
"The proposed amendment policies became matters of
to the Trade Reform Act vital relevance for the out..
which would bar • most-fav- side world and more particu-
ored-nation status and credits larly, for the U.S."
At another session, Rabbi
to the Soviet Union unless it
agreed to free emigration is, Arthur J. Lelyveld charged
in my opinion, unwise and is that an "oil producer cartel"
likely to be counter-produc- lay at the root of the coun-
tive under the present cir- try's energy crisis.
cumstances. Public pressures
Prof. Kenneth J. Arrow of
in this direction should be Harvard, president of the
combined with private diplo- American Economic Associa--
macy to achieve these objec- tion and 1972 Nobel laureate
in economic science, urged
tives more effectively."
stepped-up development of
For Prof. Morgenthau, So- coal and nuclear energy as
viet internal policies are of "long-run solutions." I m-
"vital relevance" to the con- mediately after the lunch-
duct of U.S. foreign policy, eon-session, 132 of the 500
including trade legislation. delegates left for Israel to
He declared:
conclude their convention
"Nonsense about the Unit- with an eight-day leadership
ed States permeates not only mission.

CHICAGO — If the Arab
countries thought their oil
embargo would turn U.S.
public opinion against Israel,
they have another think corn-
ing.
A nationwide Harris survey
of 1,496 households within the
past month reveals that the
American people agree, by
66-20 per cent, with the state-
ment "If we yield to Arab
restrictions over oil now, we
will soon find the Arabs dic-
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AJCongress Tour
Bookings Rise After
Suez Disengagement
NEW YORK — The Amer-
ican Jewish Congress reports
a "tremendous upsurge" in
reservations for its trips to
Israel since the disengage-
ment of Egyptian and Israeli
troops along the Suez Canal.
"In the last two weeks,
bookings have jumped to
triple the rate immediately
following the Yom Kippur
war and substantially above
the levels for the comparable
period last year," according
to Betty Alderson, who runs
the AJC members' t r a v el
program, now in its 15th
year.
Many AJCongress mem-
bers say they've moved up
their vacations from the sum-
mer so they can go to Israel
now, she reported.

Panther-Arab Amity
LONDON — Black Panther
leader Stokely Carmichael
said in Baghdad, Iraq, that
he hopes to strengthen ties

Americans Reject Arab Oil
Blackmail, Survey Reveals

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