"
Cuban Jewry Faces New Crisis in Allende's Collapse
(Continued from Page 1)
power and consolidates its
rule, or even if it transfers
formal power to the hands of
a puppet "constitutional" or
provisional government, re-
lations with Israel will re-
main cordial, organized anti-
Semitism will be discouraged
and it is even likely that
some of the 3,500 of the 5,000
who left and did not return
after Dr. Allende became
president may return. All
this, of course, is predicated
on the assumption that the
junta is itself not deposed by
the powerful trade u n i on
movement and the left-wing
forces.
Berdichevsky, chief of the
Chilean Military Aviation in
the southern region, and Vo-
lodia Toiltlebaum, the Com-
munist Party senator.
For many Jews who were
rendered marginal and obso-
lete in their functions as busi-
nessmen and professionals by
the socio-economic changes
introduced by the Allende
government, the victory of
the military will be a mixed
bag of relief: mixed because
while their economic activity
may once again be reassured
there is very little likelihood
that the Jews as a whole may
be held as scapegoats by the
extreme right-wing for the
SALVADOR ALLENDE
economic and political prob-
Of immediate concern, how-
s
ever, is the fate of the Jews lems during the Allende ad- eeking. Dr. Allende empha-
ized on many occasions that
who were most prominent ministration since 1970.
For many young J e w s , t he pillar of Chile's foreign
among the 150 or so in the
Allende administration. There especially the Zionist youth, policy is respect for the self-
is no immediate word about the deposing of Dr. Allende determination of peoples and
the safety or whereabouts of and his government can only solution of conflict through
Jacobo Schaulson, a member be a tragedy. When this cor- negotiations. H e expressed
of the five-man constitutional respondent was in Santiago many times the view that
tribunal who formerly served last April on a field trip for peace in the Middle East
as the president of the Board the J e w i s h Telegraphic must be based on the UN
of Deputies; Dr. E n r i q u e Agency, he was told by sev- Security Council Resolution
Testa, head of the defense eral Zionist spokesman that 242.
council who was long active
in Jewish affairs and was on
leave as president of the
Bank of Israel in Chile ;
Jaime Faivovich, mayor of
Santiago, Daniel Silberman,
director of the country's Cop-
per Mining Corporation; Jose
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the Zionist youth was deeply
committed to helping the
Allende government imple-
ment some of his socio-
economic policies. In fact,
one Zionist spokesman said,
the young people are so in-
volved that aliya had all but
ceased. "Their feeling," he
said, "is why go to Israel to
build a new land when they
can build a new society at
home."
For many Jews—especially
the community leaders—the
victory of the military may
signify a closer diplomatic
rapport with Israel. Several
noted last spring confiden-
tially that the Allende forces
were cooling off toward Is-
rael because they felt that
the Jewish state was a lackey
of American imperialism.
In fact, one well placed
Jewish source revealed that
an official of the Allende
government and one very
close to the late president's
political views, was asked to
go to Israel to judge for him-
self as to whether or not the
charges made by Third
World, non-aligned and left
wing ideologists that Israel
was an oppressor state was
true. The official, the source
related, finally agreed to go
but only if he was invited by
the Histadrut or Mapam in
order to avoid the stigma of
having been invited by the
Israeli government.
The upshot, the sources
said, was that Histadrut in-
vited him and when he re-
turned to Chile he told friends
privately that he was gener-
ally impressed with what he
saw in Israel. "But so power-
ful was the officials ingrained
Marxist view, and so strong
was the ideological pressure
on him that Israel was indeed
an outpost in the Middle East
of American imperialism,
that when he was asked to
make a public statement
about his impressions of Is-
rael he refused to do so,"
the source said. "The tragedy
was that he could neither lie
about what he saw nor could
he tell the truth."
Nevertheless, the Allende
government and Dr. Allende
himself had many positive
feelings toward Israel. Dr.
Allende accepted the view
that Zionism is the national
liberation movement of the
Jewish people. The govern-
ment refused to provide the
Arab League with the diplo-
;mate status it had been
leading positions. If things go
badly, it will be said that it
was due to the undue influ-
ence of the Jews."
What now? The answer is
a large question mark. The
hope is that this question
mark will not take the form
of a political grappling hook
in the neck of the Jewish
community.
has made racial war against
the Arab community, especi-
ally their textile companies."
The article was strongly pro-
tested by Dr. Sinay.
The newspaper explained
that it had not intended to
make political-racial gener-
alizations but to point out
"the contradiction of persons
who belong to a race that is
attacked and persecuted in
the Soviet Union standing for
this (Communist) credo in
Chile."
The newspaper, El Siglo,
org a n of the Communist
Party, attacked the opposi-
tion paper and published the
Jewish communist protest.
Dr. Allende himself publicly
denounced the anti-Semitic
campaign and pledged his
The following cable reached
The Jewish News only two
hours before the Allende gov-
ernment was overthrown.
SANTIAGO (JTA)—Chilean
Jews, because a few are in-
sensitive government posi-
tions, are finding themselves
increasingly involved in the
strife between the Maxist
regime of President Salvador
Allende and the powerful op-
position factions which are
making Jews scapegoats for
the nation's economic and
political troubles.
The opposition is using the
Jewish ancestry of certain
government officials to ex-
ploit the mistakes and fail-
ures of the regime, although
the Chilean Jewish commun-
In addition, Dr. Allende ex- ity has always maintained
pressed sympathy for the strict neutrality in political
Soviet Jews and the Jews in matters. That neutrality was
Syria and Iraq. His expres- recently reaffirmed in a
sion of sympathy for Jews statement signed by Dr. Gil
in Arab countries was espec- Sinay, president of the Repre-
ially significant because of sentative Committee of Chil-
the large and affluent Arab
ean Jews.
community. During Dr. Al-
The targets of opposition
lende's presidency there were criticism have been Jews in
numerous scientific and ex- such controversial offices as
c h a n g e missions between assistant secretary of trans-
Chile and Israel. Several days portation, which recently
before the government was faced a strike of transport
overthrown by the military, workers; the director of elec-
this correspondent received a tric services, w h i c h inter-
statement from the rabbiniate rupted opposition broadcasts;
in Chile which noted, among and managers of the state-
other things, that the Rab- owned copper mines who
binate and Rabbi Angel have been in conflict with
Kreiman, "Maintains very mine workers.
good relations at all times,
The Newspaper, La Prensa,
including the High Holy Days, organ of the opposition Chris-
with the national government, tian Democratic Party, re-
the Catholic archbishop, the cently published an article
Protestant bishops, Jewish- under the anonymous signa-
Christian organizations, and ture "historiada," which
t h e university and t h e charged that "a cell of Jew-
Chilean - Israeli institute of ish and Communist extraction
government to fight racist
manifestations. Fernando
Sanhueza, a past president of
the Chamber of Deputies and
a member of the Christian
Democratic Party, himself
protested to La Prensa. The
paper repeated the explana-
tion it gave previously.
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Despite the fact that the
Allende government was un-
alterably opposed to any form
of racial discrimination, the
right wing tried to generate
anti-Semitism. On April 12,
for example, the right wing
daily, La Segunda, carried a
highly critical article attack-
ing Faivovich for an eco-
nomic policy he was trying
to institute in Santiago. The
attack on Faivovich did not
mention his Jewish back-
ground but it Kinted his
name with spaces between
each letter.
The reason for this, several
people told this correspon-
dent, was to impress the
readers of the daily with the
fact that Faivovich's name
was somehow strange and to
convey the image of differ-
ence. In the last few weeks,
as tensions mounted and an
open clash between •the gov-
ernment and its opponents in
the administration and with-
in the civilian population be-
came imminent, anti-Semitic
harangues became more fre-
quent, sharper and open.
More and more the pattern
was emerging: blame the
Jews, especially those in gov-
ernment, for the social ills
of the country. This pattern
was predicted last spring
when one Jewish leader said:
"If things go well everyone
will say that it was very
clever on the part of the
government to have. Jews in
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