Women's Failure to Gain High Posts Deplored
BY RAYAH NEST,
JERUSALEM—When Aliza
Ben-Or applied for the post
of. director of manpower in a
leading industrial enterprise
in Ashkelon, she was in luck:
o man was found suitable
for the job.
But, she adds, the director
took her on as a stopgap
measure until the right man
came along.
In a debate on the place of
women in senior administra-
ive posts, arranged recently
by the Working Mothers As-
sociation, Zohar Karti, direc-
tor of the women's employ-
ment unit in the ministry of
labor, said very few women
have reached top positions in
the country.
The exceptions a r e the
prime minister; several
members of the judiciary, not
one of whom has been pro-
moted to the Supreme Court;
thi 'rector of the space
lahi, _,cory at the University
—f- Tel Aviv; and the director
general of the government
comptroller's office.
A survey of administrative
posts in government service
presents a fairly reliable pic-
of the situation as a
IP ture
whole.
'-- Most women workers (48
per cent of employes in the
administrative grades) are
graded in the lower brackets
as typists and telephone op-
erators. In the semi-senior
grades, women constitute
my 18 per cent, whereas in
the senior positions they ac-
count for only 3.5 per cent.
At a recent annual conven-
tion of some 70 directors of
units in the ministry of la-
bor, representing some 500
workers, only five were
women.
According to Dr. Dina
eitelson, 1 e c t u r e r in the
school of education at the
Hebrew University, of the
stud e n t s registering for
courses leading to a first de-
gree, women constitute about
half of the student body. In
courses leading to a second
-- degree, they account for only
one quarter of the number.
For the doctorate, their pro-
2 portion is much smaller.
"A professor interested in
a student continuing his
studies offers him an, assist-
:Antship so as to enable him
to maintain himself, and these
posts generally are offered to
men because women, who
are generally married by
._.° then, have someone to care
for them," she said.
_ Dr. Miriam Barad,_lecturer
at Beersheba University,
spoke of an inquiry she in-
stituted several years ago
2 concerning women in senior
administrative posts. Her in-
quiry showed that men and
women of the same educa-
tional background and of the
same seniority advanced dif-
fere,ntly in the areas of sal-
ari administrative author-
ity 4-1 the type of posts they
filled. T h e percentage of
women reaching administra-
tive and supervisory positions
_:,,-was smaller during the first
years of work, but as the
seniority increased, their per-
) centage equaled that of men.
According to Dr. B a r a d,
the number of women choos-
ing professions that are likely
„ to lead to administrative
'_posts — such as economics,
law andengineering — is
small. They seem to lack the
necessary push, she said. Un-
like the men, they prefer
work providing interest and
variety to work that ensures
speedy advancement.
F
In a questionnaire c o m -
pleted by women candidates
for a post, not one indicated
that she would threaten to
resign if she were not pro-
moted.
During the debate on the
objective and subjective rea-
sons for the existing situa-
tion, some claimed that it
was impossible to develop
two careers in one and the
same family simultaneously.
"If the advancement of the
woman entailed her moving
to another town, she would
generally give up her post
because her family would not
move to a different locality
on her account."
According to Dafna Yis-
raeli, an anthropologist in
Tel Aviv University, the
"root of the trouble" is to be
traced to the early stages of
a 'child's development. The
girl plays with dolls and has
no access to games which
boys play.
In the opinion of Dr. Feitel-
son, this friction arises from
unrequited expectations.
"The state arose on the
principles of complete equal-
ity: women fought, flew
planes, worked in agricul-
ture, just as the men did, and
it was expected that this
principle would continue. But
recently one notices greater
stress being put on feminin-
ity, even among members of
kibutzim, and even the factor
that contributed most to the
development of equality —
the army — now develops a
barrier by creating essen-
tially women's functions."
Is Female MD a Terrorist or a Counter - Spy?
LONDON — Dr. Diane
Campbell-Lefevre is being
carefully guarded by armed
security men from Scotland
Yard's politi c a 1 special
branch, and there is only
speculation as to the cause.
Some believe that the 31-
year-old Rhodesian-born doc-
tor, who was jilted by a Jew-
ish boyfriend for whom she
planned to c onver t and
marry, is actually a member
of the Black September Arab
terrorist organization. S h e
was reportedly a participant
in a plan to blow up the Is-
raeli Embassy in Paris. How-
ever, Fr e n c h authorities
quietly whisked her to Brit-
ain where she is a citizen.
Others have speculated that
Dr. Ca mpbel 1- Lefevre is
really an Israeli agent who
has infiltrated the Arab ter-
rorist organization a n d is
being protected from being
murdered.
Press reports here quoted
former fellow students at the
Cape Town University Medi-
cal School as saying that Dr.
Campbell-Lefevre was "very
pro-Jewish" during her stu-
dent days.
The Johannesburg Sunday
Times published an interview
with a 34-year-old Jewish
doctor, now married and the
father of two children, who
reportedly admitted that he
had a love affair with Dr.
Campbell-Lefevre. He claim-
ed she wanted to marry him
"so much that she seriously
considered converting to the
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
Jewish faith," according to
the Times. However, he said,
he broke off their relation-
ship and she reportedly be-
came severely anti-Jewish as
a result. The doctor asked
that his name be withheld be-
cause of medical ethics, the
Times said.
Israel Civil Service
JERUSALEM — The Israel
Civil Service plans to move
its headquarters here. It's
been located in Tel Aviv
until now. The offices are in
the new building of the Con-
struction Workers Fund. The
building houses some of the
departments of the Histadrut
Central Committee and Exe-
cutive.
Friday, April 6, 1973-9
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5W - 1\11 R.
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53 4
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