est Berlin Jewish Community Celebrates
306th4.-nniversary of a Checkered History

THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

Friday, December 24, 1971-9

Lion,- the Foundation Joods
zonder Onderwijs.

Holland Jewish School

Bij-

AMSTERDAM (JTA)—A ground. #44444,444444444444,4444-N
WEST BERLIN--"Thiiin periods was formed and influenced by such a new Jewish community here." breaking ceremony for a new Jew- ,* F
Lowest Rentals
ish
school that will house 400 pupils
during which intellectual and eco- Jewish directors as Otto Brehm,
*purchase option
4S
Today some 5,300 Jewish men, was held here last Friday.
wade life have flourished in Ber- Raphael Lowenfeld, Leopold Jes-
*
BEST SERVICE
*
women and children live, work
lin would have been impossible sner and Max Reinhardt; by such
The municipal council is financ- *
Factory trained experts
.
and study in Berlin. With the ing the school's total cost of some *
without' he Jewish citizens," said dramatists as Ferdinand Bruckner,
'Quickest ReSults
ir
encouragement and support of $65,000. The school will be owned, *
, f *
the West Berlin governing mayor, Carl Stemheim and Ernst Toiler;
ADD-n-TYPE SHOPS,
Klaus Schutz, on the 300th anni- and by such actors as Ernst Deut- local authorities, the community
u r:i z sd
o
I N C. mAr
however, by a Jewish organiza- lilz
ss
AAAA
con
AA*
house—just off downtown Nur-
versary of the establishment of sch, Fritz Kortner, Fritzi Massari,
•
furstendamm Blvd. — has be-
this city's first
_ Jewish community. Grote Mosheim and Max Pallen-
come a center of intellectual and
Actually, when Friedrich Wil- berg.
cultural
life
for
all
West
Ber-
helin
, —elector of Brandenburg, first
"In addition, Berlin was home
liners.
permitted 50 Jewish emigre fam- to such famous Jewish authors
The president of Berlin's house
ilies-from Vienna to settle here in as Franz Werfel, Erich Muhsam,
1671, they were not the first Jews
MalrirnMilie Harden, Kurt 'Tech- of representatives, Walter Sickert,
to make their homes in Berlin.
olsky and Alfred Dublin, whose in his letter of congratulation on
the 300th anniversary, wrote: "May
_ For the . earliest existing records
novel—"Berlin Alexanderplats"
mention that Jews were residing —introduced the "new realism" the Jewish community of Berlin
prosper during its fourth century
in this city as far back as 12e5 into German literature. And it
and that they. continued to do so was the site of such influential, in existence and may its develop-
1018 W. 9 de d.
Ferndale, Mich. _
until 1573, when—as the aftermath Jewish-owned newspaper and ment in the future be accompanied
Alfons G. Rehme
548-3926
of a plague epidemic—they were
publishing houses as those of by good fortune, success and hap-
Specialist in Volkswagen & Porsche
piness, to the benefit of all its
banished from the entire Mark of Rudolf Mosse, the Ullstein broth-
Between Livening' 1 Piewest
members and this city, itself."
ers and Samuel Fischer.
Brandenburg.
"In the graphic arts, the Jewish
The elector's edict of 1671,
however, allowed this city's Jew- community numbered among its
members such renowned artists as
ish settlers a minimum of reli-
Plan This New Years Party Meat Needs
gious freedom for the first time Max Lieberman, Emil Orlik and
since it granted them the right Lesser Ury, as well as the art
to appoint a religious leader, to collectors and dealers Alfred Flech-
hold services in private homes theim and Bruno Cassirer. More-
over, among its members were
and to slaughter cattle in ac-
cordance with the kosher dietary such architects as Oskar Kauf-
mann, whose Renaissance Theater
laws.
still stands; Alfred Messel, whose
Moreover, 30 years later, crowning achievement was the now
Berlin's Jewish community—which vanished Wertheim department
by then had increased to some store on Leipziger Plate; and-Erich
1,000 members—was permitted to Mendelsohn, the architect of the
construct its first synagogue, a also vanished Columbushaus Of-
bnilding inaugurated in 1714 in fice Building on Potsdamer Platz.
the presence of King Friedrich Wil-
"In science, Berlin's Jewish com-
helm I of Prussia.
munity could boast such names as
Nevertheless, the Jews contin- Albert Einstein, Paul Ehrlich,
ued 'to be ireated as second- Fritz Haber and Lise Meitner.
class citizene, being forbidden to
"Thus the intellectual and cul-
SLICED s 99
hold honoriiry office, being forced tural face which Berlin presented
to pay a head tax, and being re- to the world was influenced sub-
OR
stricted to the professions of money stantially by its Jewish citizens
BY THE PIECE
lender,; horse trader, real estate until the fateful year of 1933 when
agent and tradesman. And this sit- the Nazi era of persecution and
uation _continued until 1812 when repression began:
the/so-called "Emancipation Edict"
The Berlin press office continues:
gab* them equal status with the
"During the 12 years which fol-
rest of Prussia. citizens.
Loin
lowed, Berlin's Jews were sys-
Bar-B-Q
tematically
driven out of their pro-
From 'then on, writes the press
and information office of Berlin, fessions, subjected to humiliating
the city's Jewish community grew, and barbarous treatment and, fm-
numbering more than 45,000 mem- ally, deported to Nazi concentra-
bers in 1874 and' 170,000 a half tion camps and gas chambers, with
century later.
the exception of those few who
Each
were bidden away here by non-
"Berlin's economy was strength-
Jewish friends.
ened and expanded through the
"Only 1,400 of Berlin's 170,000
activities of such Jewish eiti7Ang
Available at This Store Only
Jewish citi7plis survived this period
as Emil Rathenau, the founder of
which ended with the almost com-
the German General Electric Corp. plete destruction of what they and
(AEG), and such merchant bank-
their prodecessors had had such
ers as Carl Furstenberg and Ger-
an important share in creating.
son and Samuel Bleichroder. Its
"However, on May 11, 1945, a
Just South of 14 Milo Rd.
musical life was enriched by such few of these Jewish survivors held
composers as Friedrich Mendels- their first postwar religious serv-
sohn-Bartholdy and Giacomo Mey- ice in West Berlin and—in De-
erbeer, and—later—by the unfor- cember of that year—they formed
gotten king of the German song
writers, Rudolf Nelson.
"And the city's theatrical scene

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