Roles of Rubinow and Epsteinas 'Fathers of Social Security' The enactment of the Social Security Act in 1935 was primari- ly through the pioneering efforts of the "fathers of Social Security," Isaac Max Rubinow and Abraham Epstein. . Both were leaders in a genera- tion-long debate over to the need to provide pooled protection for the indigent aged, for the unem- ployed, the sick, the disabled, the widow and the orphan. Rubinow's and Epstein's involve- ment with these problems was told in a recent article in The Nation- al Jewish Monthly. Rubinow became involved with the needs of the impoverished during two years of medical practice. Later, he switched to economics, earning a doctorate at Columbia University in 1914. As a statistician with the U.S. Labor Department for eight years, Rubinow developed principles of social insurance which influenced the plank on old age, health and unemployment adopted by Theo- dore Roosevelt's Progressive Party. A year later, in 1913, Rubinow's work "Social Insurance" became the first English-language treatise on the subject, and the standard book in the field for nearly 15 years. His "The Quest for Secu- rity" in 1934 greatly influenced Franklin Delano Roosevelt's eco- nomic policy. The moving force behind the enactment of Social Security was Abraham Epstein, who had early ambitions to be a social reformer. He became director of research for a Pennsylvania commission on old age pensions e r f .rsz Underground Sprinkler Systems Installed and Serviced 527-5240 772-7623 QUALITY • SERVICE • PRICE NORTHLAND FORD LEADS THE WAY GEORGE RUSKIN NORTHLAND FORD TEMPLE ISRAEL A CONGREGATION OF LIBERAL JUDAISM 17400 MANDERSON ROAD — 863-7769 Invites the Community to Attend Its Midnight Invites the Unaffiliated SELICHOT SERVICE to Communicate with Us Regarding Information on Becomming a Member Family An Inspiring, New Creative Service Has Been Prepared by the Temple's Creative Liturgy Committee TEMPLE ISRAEL'S MEMBERSHIP FEES INCLUDE: And Will Be Conducted by Our Rabbis • Seating for every member of your family at High Holy Day Services, which begin with Rosh Hashana on Sunday Night, Sept. 19. • Rabbi Harold S. Loss Assistant Rabbi :1 yt3ix2 .00/1 Arranammingaggineminusam adiiramm Through the reformist ideas of Epstein and Rubinow's economic research, the country was well- prepared for Social Security when it was implemented by Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration. fr Free Estimates Later amendments to the Social Security Act, including Medicare, were among those first champion- in 1918. ed by Rubinow and Epstein. ■ As executive secretary of the state's Federation of La b o r, Epstein waged a Social Security campaign. He made a nation-wide considerable virtues. What the tourist is obliged to do study of the problems of old age, is look beyond the brave front that and in 1921, drafted and saw fail Israel puts up and learn what the first model old-age pension really makes it tick. When he bill. steps out of the tourist bus and SO DOES into a depressed neighborhood, he Eye Doctors may learn that Israel has far to go Prescriptions Filled in the area of social equality. It may shock him out of a loyal, but misguided, lethargy and into a more realistic desire to work for PRESCRIPTION OPTICAL CO. 26001 Coolidge 10 MILE & GREENFIELD Israel's betterment. 543-3343 The Israel Few Tourists See By CHARLOTTE DUBIN JERUSALEM—From the window of the air-conditioned bus, the tour- ist looks upon an Israel of miracles —forests where there were only barren wastes, prosperous kibut- zim and villages built with the grit and sweat of pioneers from many lands, new construction in the cities that attests to prosperity. Israel is a tourist's delight — witness the packed hotels, kibutz guest houses, boarding houses. An evening stoller can barely negoti- ate the Jaffa Rd. in downtown Jerusalem, and the American stu- dents crowd every felafel stand and cafe between Haifa and Tel Aviv. But the more-than-casual ob- server soon learns there are many miracles yet to be wrought. The ingathering of the exiles, as mag- nificent an effort as it has been, has yielded less than ideal results. The Israeli press does not conceal it: There is poverty, there is juv- enile delinquency and crime, there are class conflicts no less serious than those in America. The tourist marvels at the num- ber of television antennas criss- crossing the skylinc, , and the num- ber of new cars scaring the living daylights out of hapless pedestri- ans. But the fact remains that prices are high for the "middle- income" Israeli trying to make ends meet on a salary that he must share with the defense ministry. Like his Yankee brother, the Is- raeli has learned to live on the installment plan. One fact the Israeli—particu- larly the younger one—cannot learn to live with is the dichot- omy between his patriotic deSire for new immigrants and his growing dissatisfaction with the special favors those immigrants are getting at his expense. Why should a young couple who have served their country in the army have to live in a substand- ard dwelling while a newcomer gets first crack at new apart- ments? The guide points out the tents on the lawn of the Beer- sheba city hall; but he doesn't tell of the anger and frustration felt by the young couples en- gaged in the housing sit-in. The guide confides to question- ing tourists that the Black Pan- thers are simply a small group of Moroccans who don't want to work. He is not obliged to go fur- ther into the issue; but how many tourists will look further and find out why disadvantaged youths are quitting before they get to high school? More than one nice Amer- ican lady has asked, at the slight of an Israeli jail, "Who do you put in prison? There are no Israeli criminals, are there?" And it goes beyond that. What happens to a loyal citizen who can appreciate defense needs but who is taxed so heavily that he cannot manage without loopholes — "pro- teksia" they call it? The tourist is pleased that his American dollar now trades at 4.20 Israeli pounds, and he immediately spends it on a meal in' a popular restaurant that most Israelis can ill afford to pa- tronize. The job of the tourist guide is to show Israel in its best light. And why not? There are many good lights in which to display her Epstein also wrote books on the subject. "Facing Old Age" in 1922, and a primary source book in the field, "Insecurity— a Challenge," in 1933. THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS 8—Friday, September 3, 1971 A Dr. M. Robert Syme Senior Rabbi Dr. Leon Fram Founding Rabbi With the Beautiful Melodies of the Selichot Tradition Rendered by I Religious School enrollment for all the children and youth of the family--a complete course in Jewish studies beginning with Pre- Kindergarten at age 4 and continuing tier otigh Bar and Bat Mitzvah, Confirmation Temple High School Graduation. School under the direction of Cantor Arthur Asher. - - • Youth Activities — a program of interesting, sociable and wholesome activities for High School age youth • A variety of programs for the entire family, including lectures, concerts, social events. CANTOR HAROLD ORBACH And the Temple Israel Choir FOR MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION, WRITE, TELEPHONE OR SEE Frank L. Simons, Administrator, 863-7769 Social Reunion at 10:30 P.M. In the Leon Fram Social Hall Service in the Sanctuary from 1 1:00 P.M. to 12 Midnight TEMPLE ISRAEL tiaylsnA Cbr>i 17400 MANDERSON ROAD AT MERTON 1 Block North of W. McNichols, / Block East of Pontchartrain Drive FOR INFORMATION, CALL 863-7769 rel :+22 .4111111111•Miagfr 11 tStllpn 0.83 at