Nixon to Approve
NI Congress Pleads With-
Yiddish USSR Voice of America Broadcasts

NEW YORK — The American
Jewish Congress appealed to Presi-
dent Nixon to approve Voice of
America broadcasts in Yiddish to
Soviet Jews, asserting that such
broadcasts would "reflect the con-
cern of the government of the
United States with their welfare."

Although the State Department
and the United States Informa-
tion Agency oppose such broad-
casts, it was reported that the
final decision will be up to the
President.
In a letter to him, AJCongress
Executive Director Will Maslow
said State Department and USIA
claims of difficult technical prob-
lems in reaching the entire Soviet
Jewish community—because it was
scattered over a huge geographical
area—were ."only superficially ac-
curate.'' He told the President that
90 per cent of Soviet Jews lived
within two Western time zones
and included in the letter a table
showing the geographic distribu-
tion of the Jewish population in
nine of the 15 republics of the
Soviet Union, according to the offi-
cial 1970 preliminary Soviet Cen-
sus. The figures are believed to
underestimate the actual number
of Jews in the USSR.
It revealed that approximately
1,600.000 Soviet Jews lived in Rus-
sia and Ukraina alone.
Maslow took issue with a State
Department claim that only a
"small number" of Soviet Jews
spoke Yiddish and that those who
did also spoke another language
in which the Voice of America al-
ready broadcasts, thereby making
Yiddish broadcasts redundant.
He cited the official 1970 census
which stated that 17.7 per cent of
Soviet Jews, or 380,000, named
Yiddish as their mother tongue.
"In addition," he wrote, "28.8
per cent of the Soviet Union's Jews
named a language other than Rus-
sian as a second language which
they spoke fluently. One can safely
assume that in many cases Yiddish
was indeed that second language.
It follows that 600,000 Jews and
quite possibly more were fluent
in Yiddish in 1970."
In Washington, Rep. Edward I.
Koch, Democrat of New York, has
charged that "policy" and not "a
technical problem" is the issue on
the objections raised by the State
Department and the United States
Information Agency against Yid-
dish broadcasts by the Voice of

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America to Jews in the Soviet
Union.
KGch made his assertion in an
Aug. 3 letter to Martin J. Hillen-
brand, Assistant Secretary of State
for European Affairs, based on a
July 14 meeting with him.
The State Department had no
comment on the letter Koch wrote
that the July meeting "established
that there is a time between '7 and
8 p.m. Moscow time when the VOA
transmitters are idle."

He continued: "Thus, should the
VOA want to broadcast in Yiddish
durin.c.,, that time, we are not con=
fronted with a technical problem
or the question of whether a seg-
ment of hours allotted to broad-
casts in Russian would have to be
deleted. Thus, the issue really is
one of policy."

Pointing out that Soviet Jews are
"basically cut off from cultural
discussions in Yiddish," Koch said
that the "empty, presently avail-
able hour could be filled with a
Yiddish cultural program." Koch
added that "This matter becomes
even more urgent by reason of
the latest news, which is that the
Soviet Union is • attempting to cut
off the tiny trickle of emigration

which it has permitted to Israel."
The New York legislator advised
Hillenbrand that "There are those
in your department, I am sure,
who have opposed VOA broadcasts
in Yiddish because they are re-
luctant to unduly antagonize the
Soviet government." But he stres-
sed that "I think it is fair to say
that the very existence of the
VOA is in itself a source of an-
tagonism for the Russians, and cer-
tainly we all agree that its pro-
grams should not be discontinued."

6—Friday, August 13, 1971

THE DETROI TJEWISH NEWS

Edomites' Inatration Is Uncovered

of Judea. The excavators also un-
earthed remnants of an Israeli
city, originally settled in the 10th
Century B.C.E. whose name re-
mains to be identified. Especially
cheologists of Tel Aviv University impressive were the fortifications
at the Tel Malhata site between of the city which include embank-
Beersheba and Arad.
ments and a wall 13 feet wide.

TEL AVIV (JTA)—Evidence of
the Edomites' infiltration into the
Negev at the close of the First
Temple era was uncovered by ar-

This infiltration was described
by the prophets Ezekiel, Jeremiah,
IF YOU TURN THE
and Obadiah. An excavation group
of 50 men, headed by Dr. Moshe
Cohavi of Tel Aviv University,
UPSIDE DOWN YOU WON'T
uncovered the Edomite settlement,
FIND A FINER WINE THAN
The VOA and "members" of
including many pieces of pottery
the State Department "have en-
brought from across the Jordan.
gaged in dilatory tactics because This find tends to support the the-
they refuse to face this issue
ory that the Edomites were in
Milan Wineries, Detroit, Mich.
squarely," Koch charged.
control of the Negev shortly be-
A Senate resolution urging such fore the downfall of the kingdom
broadcasts has been in the hands
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BORENSTEIN'S

Pioneers Against Tyranny

By DAVID SCHWARTZ

(Copyright 1971, JTA Inc.)

Ben Franklin likened the Fourth
of July to Passover. He proposed
at the Continental Congress that
the seal of the new United States
should be an engraving of the Is-
raelites fleeing from the tyranny
of Egypt.
1776, the speeches of two Jews in
favor of republican government
were broadcast to the delegates by
Thomas Paine. The two Jews were
Samuel and Gideon. Samuel had
warned the people against the pit-
falls of monarch and militarism,
Paine said, and Gideon, when of-
fered a crown, pointed to the sky
and said, "Your King is there."
The Hebrew prophets were all for
presidents. Why should a man walk
around with a crown on his head?
For one crown you can buy 10
hats.
It is generally conceded that the
most effective speaker of the Con-
gress on the independence side was
John Adams, who later became the
second President of the United
States. Adams was the first Presi-
dent to support the Zionist idea. He
did so in a letter to Mordecai
Manuel Noah, the first Zionist in
America. In a letter to Jefferson,
Adams also wrote:

"In spite of Bolingbroke and
Voltaire. I will insist that the
Hebrews have done more to civil-
ize man than any other nation.
If I were an atheist and believed
in blind eternal fate, I should
still believe that Fate had or-
dained the Jews to be the most
essential instrument for civiliza-
tion."

"Go, wretched author of thy
country's grief. Patron of Villai-
ny, of Villain's Grief, Seek with
thy cursed crew the _Central
Gloom Ere Truth's avenging
Sword begins thy . doom . . .
Clinton's warfare is the war of
God, Washington shall feel the
vengeful rod."

A girl with a good Jewish name
like Rebecca to write this ! It is
plain her Jewish education had
been neglected.

In South Carolina, the first to
die in the war was Francis Sal-
vador. He was a southern Paul
Revere. He mounted his horse to
alert the people of the coming of
British troops. The British egged
on the Indians to attack the
whites, and Salvador was killed
and scalped by Indians.

There was hardly a shul to daven
in during the Revolutionary War.
The Shearit Is r a el synagogue
closed down when the British came
to New York and the rabbi fled to
Philadelphia. In Newport, R. I.,
Rabbi Touro had to flee. In Geor-
gia, David Emanuel and .a fellow
Georgian were captured and given
a few minutes to pray before being
shot. They managed to seize the
free moment to jump on their
horses and run away. Emanuel was
probably running to the synagogue
to say a prayer. He lived to become
the governor of Georgia. In West-
chester, the Hayes home was set on
fire by the British. There were six
Hayes brothers, one of whom, Un-
cle Ben, was called by his neigh-
bors "the best Christian in West-
chester County."
Haym Salomon was the chief
aide of Robert Morris in selling
Revolutionary war bonds to finance
the war for independence. The Brit-
ish captured him and knowing him
to be a religious Jew, amused them-
selves by putting him on a diet of
pork chops. But Salomon had the
last laugh when at the end of the
war, with the Americans triumph-
ing, they lifted their glasses and

Dr. Benjamin Rush, a leading
delegate to the Continental Con-
gress, said all Jews in the colonies
were Whigs, that is, all on the side
of independence. That is a bit of
overstatement. There were Jewish
Tories too, like the beautiful and
bright Rebecca Frank of Philadel-
phia. She was one of the two
"Queens of Beauty" at the famous
Meschianza of the British military made a leHaym.
in Philadelphia. She was some-
thing of a poetess, too, and about
Of all the home remedies, a good
Washington she wrote with scorn: wife is the best.—Kin Hubbard.

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