Quaker Authors Charged With -Blatant Bias.
in Their P•o-Arab Statement on Mid East
A comprehensive study pub- the Big Four could or would guar-
lished jointly on Monday by the antee a true peace in the Middle
American Jewish Congress and East." The Soviets, for example,
the Anti-Defamation League of had an "enormous investment in
Bnai Brith charged a widely-cir- the continuation of a pro-peace-no-
culated Quaker report on the Mid- war state of tension" since "true
dle East with "blatant bias" and peace would reduce their leverage
"recommendations detrimental to with the Arab states to a point in-
the cause of peace in the Middle imical to their ambitions in the
Middle East, Asia and Africa."
East."
The critique further pointed out
The study, "Truth and Peace in
the Middle East—a Critical Analy- that France and Great Britain.
sis of the Quaker Report," accused "from their own public records,
the American Friends Service are mainly concerned with shoring
Committee of distorting historical up what is left of their influence
fact to bolster a "pre-conceived" among the Arab states and extend-
pro-Arab bias and masking the ing their ties with the oil-producing
effort with claims of objectivity. sates."
The authors — three American
professors—said the humanitarian
traditions of the Quakers "have
made many persons understand-
ably reluctant to question the
validity and intent" of the Quaker
document, but that it nevertheless
"presented a slanted and one-sided
set of conclusions."
The Quaker report, "Search for
Peace in the Middle East," re-
ceived much attention from the
nation's news media when it was
published last year. It was also
widely circulated both before and
since publication.
The ADL-AJCongress response
asserted that sharp criticism by
scholars to whom the Quakers
showed a pre-publication draft
was virtually ignored because it
undercut the Quakers' intended
argument. It suggested strongly
that the Quakers' "search,"
therefore, was not for peace but
for American friends for the
Arab world.
The authors question whether
the Quaker document sprang from
the view of "chronically pro-Arab
old Middle East hands of the State
Department," that a pro-Arab
slant was required to offset sup-
port for Israel in the American
general public.
The authors of the response
were: Dr. Arnold Soloway, eco-
nomics professor who has taught
at Harvard, Boston College and
Brown University; Dr. Edwin
Weiss, professor of mathematics
at Boston University; and Dr.
Gerald Caplan, senior psychiatric
consultant for the U. S. Peace
Corps and professor of psychiatry
at Harvard Medical School.
All are known for their interest
in and knowledge of Middle East
affairs.
Prof. Ben Halpern of Brandeis
University provided a long mem-
orandum that served as the basis
for the critique, which runs to 71
pages and is followed by a biblio-
graphy and several appendices.
It is available from ADL region-
al offices throughout the country.
Dr. Soloway and his co-authors
found fault with the Quakers'
treatment of the rise of the state
of Israel and their descriptions
of the wars of 1948, 1956 and
1967, asserting that the last rep-
resented "an attempt to rewrite
history to suit the authors' pre-
conceived conclusions." T h e
study also dissected the Quaker
group's views of the United Na-
tions' November 1967 resolution,
The United States is described
as having a real interest in pro-
moting a stable peace in the area
as the best hope for restoring its
influence among the Arab states,
"but for its own economic and pol-
itical reasons it is unwilling to
risk offending the Arab states by
insisting on the processes and sub-
stance which are essential to a
permanent solution."
The study called the Quaker
report's emphasis on Big Four
participation "grossly inconsist-
ent with the usual Quaker es-
pousal of the rights of small
countries." It went on to say
that the Quaker report seemed
determined to persist in assign-
ing, responsibilities to the UN
which that body has repeatedly
proven incapable of fulfilling.
The study further asserted that
"despite a history of broken
pledges and agreement, and after
three costly wars and unremitting
Arab efforts to destroy her, Israel
is required by the Quaker authors
to forego the possibility of nego-
tiating a real peace, with secure
and agreed borders, and rely in-
stead on Arab 'willingness' to live
in peace . . .
"Once Israel has committed her-
self as a first step to withdraw
from all the occupied territory, as
the report proposes, what would
she have left to negotiate with in
the next phase?" the authors
asked.
History of Old Controversies,
WA's Reconstitution in 1941,
Described in Parzen Pamphlet
Historic events that preceded
the perpetuation of the United
Jewish Appeal as "the chief fi-
nancial instrumentality of Amer-
ican Jewry" are outlined in a
brochure by Rabbi Herbert Par-
zen.
The text of this brochure is from
the current "Herzl Year Book—
Essays in Zionist History and
Thought," issued by Herzl Press.
Rabbi Parzen, former Detroiter
who is now on the editorial staff
of Herzl Press, deals in his essay
with the history of the United
Palestine Appeal which has been
renamed the United Israel Appeal.
Iii his outline of the develop-
ment of the fund-raising agen-
cies, Rabbi Parzen describes
the controversies that had af-
fected the activities in support
of Zionist endeavors and the
roles that were played by the
Joint Distribution Committee and
other American agencies.
The United Jewish Appeal, which
originally functioned with the UPA
as a participating agency and the
Jewish National Fund as one of
the beneficiaries, terminated ac-
tivities for a time, with the UPA,
jointly with JNF, functioning in-
dependently and the JDC con-
ducting its own campaigns.
Steps for reconstitution of the
UJA as a unified fund are de-
scribed by Rabbi Parzen. The UJA
resumed its activities in March
1941, when it had a campaign goal
of $25,000,000. The National Refu-
gee Service — later renamed the
New York Association for New
Americans — together with UPA
and JDC were the participants
in that drive.
Controversies over budgeting
were soon resolved. The United
Israel Appeal now represents the
Keren Hayesod and funds raised
by UJA are divided between
JDC and the Jewish Agency with
ORT as one of the beneficiaries
from JDC.
Rabbi Parzen states in his
analysis of the history of the fund-
raising agencies and the contro-
versies that existed prior to the
rebirth of Israel:
"It must be emphasized that
cooperation and understanding
have been brought about in over-
whelming measure by the exist-
ence of the state of Israel and by
its ingathering of the homeless
and the helpless as well as of
strong and venturesome pioneers.
The old shibboleths have become
obsolete." —P.S.
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The study was particularly
sharp in its criticism of Quaker
proposals for a Big Four guarantee
of peace.
The three scholars asserted that
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THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
14—Friday, August 13, 1971
sons
At the formal opening of the Salzburg 1971 Festival in Vienna,
the president of Austria, De. H. C. Franz Jonas (right) greeted Mar-
guerite Kozenn Chajes of Detroit, who has been active in musical
circles in Vienna during her numerous visits there in the past five
years. Dr. Heinz H. Rannau (center), director of the Salzburg tourist
office, was a participant in the reception. Austrian President Jonas
recently returned from another visit in Israel.
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