Sokolow's Library Reveals His Zionist Legacy
Israel Economy: Stress
on Industrialization
Seen in Five-Year Plan
Sokolow had been an adherent Celina Sokolow, who had been also
By SHALOM BEN CHORIN
of the Hibat Zion movement but his closest collaborator and com-
The Central Zionist Archives in under the impression of Herzl's panion, helped to compile these
Jerusalem announced the transfer personality he joined political Zion- records which awoke so many
of Nahum Sokolow's records and ism at the first Zionist Congress. reminiscences. With the help
of Sokolow's grandson Joseph Ra-
library from London to Jerusalem.
brackets in the form of cheaper
ziel, the support of Lord Janner
By HAIM SHACHTER
They are preserved in fire-proof
education and health services, or
and
the
expert
advice
of
the
Zion-
metal cases. The upwards of 500
Israel in the year 1975 will be direct allocations.
ist
historian
Joseph
Fraenkel,
the
volumes in Hebrew, Yiddish and a.
material was sifted, classified and a highly industrialized country, on
variety of European languages in-
Unless spending is kept down, a
transferred to Jerusalem for schol- a par with most countries in serious economic crisis awaits the
clude many which have margi-
arly treatment and research to Western Europe, with a popula- country. If the standard of living
nal notes in Sokolow's own hand.
which the new director of the Cen- tion of over 3,500,000, of whom should rise by 5 per cent instead
Nahum Sokolow (1861-1936) is
tral Zionist Archives, Dr. Michael
about 3,000,000 will be Jews. This of the projected 2 per cent per
but little known to the present gen-
Heymann, will apply himself.
annum, a deficit of some $2,000,-
eration though he was among the
data is gleaned from a five-year 000,000 in the balance of payments
Sokolow's archive and library economic development plan sub-
great architects of the Zionist Or-
would be incurred by the end of
are supplemented by the literary mitted to the government by the
ganization. For several decades he
1975.
remains of his recently deceased
was a leading member of the Zion-
son Florian, the author of a bio- Economic Planning Authority in
ist Executive and in the last years
Only about half this sum will b •
graphy of his father recently pub- the ministry of finance. Economists covered by capital imports from
of his life he served as president
lished by the Zionist Library in have been working on this plan abroad, so that the remainder
of the World Zionist Organization.
Jerusalem. This work of filial for two years, and their findings would have to be offset by drastic
In current and rather super-
piety, however, cannot be a sub- have been summarized in a five- cuts in imports, through an arti-
ficial opinion, Dr. Chaim Weiz-
stitute for a reliable, scientific
ficially maneuvered economic re-
mann was the sole initiator of the
biography of Sokolow for which volume program submitted to the cession and unemployment. Should,
Balfour Declaration, but a glance
the records now included into the cabinet.
however, spending be kept within
at Sokolow's records shows that
Central Zionist Archives provide
The planners foresee no econo- reasonable bounds, the balance of
Sokolow too is to be credited with
a firm basis.
mic recession in the country in the payments deficit at the end of 1975
this official recognition of the
coming
five years and believe the will be only some $960,000,000 as
Zionist aspirations. Moreover,
Was a "Lone Wolf"
present level of full employment compared with the deficit of
while Weizmann centered his in-
$1,300,000,000 at the end of 1974.
itiative mainly on Great Britain,
Sokolow was among the found- will be maintained. But to achieve
it,
a
serious
halt
will
have
to
be
Sokolow's successful endeavors
Foreign Debt
ers of the State of Israel and de- put on the steadily rising standard
aimed at achieving the consent of
SOKOLOW
DR.
CELINA
Israel's
foreign
debts at the end
serves
to
be
remembered.
He
was
of living in the country. Govern-
other allied powers. He was active
Photo taken when she was in a type that has become very rare: ment will have to see to it that less of the five-year period will stand,
in France, Italy and at the Vatican. Detroit
with her father in 1929.
it is envisaged, at $5,600,000,000 as
The archives include the Italian
an individualist, a "lone wolf." As money is available for free spend- 'compared with $2,700,000,000 at the
ing. In the coming five years, it is
minutes of the audience which
Sokolow's main interest was al- a matter of fact, he could work envisaged that an additional IL end of 1970. This entails a debt
Pope Benedict XV granted Soko-
ways
focused on literature and cul- alone only; he never had a secre- 300,000,000 to IL400,000,000 will be per capita of $1,625.
low on May. 10, 1917, before the
ture
in
general. Thus the idea of tary, he wrote everything in long- lapped up annaully in taxation.
Balfour Declaration was issued.
The Five-Year Plan envisages a
To the Pope's question: "Is this publishing a general encyclopedia hand, often three articles simul-
It is envisaged that a new form' doubling of the country's exports
your first visit to Rome?" Sokolow in Hebrew, realized in our days, taneously: in Hebrew, Yiddish and of taxation on the added value of from $1,300,000,000 in 1970 to $2,-
replied: "I have been several times may be traced back to Sokolow. Polish. He edited papers in these products will be introduced. If 500,000,000 in 1975. Steps will have
to Rome, but I think that I am At the sixth Zionist Congress. in
we take, for example, a cotton to be taken to raise the cost of im-
the first Jew privileged to be re- 1903, he announced to the plenary three languages and wrote about dress purchased in any of Tel ports to a level beyond the present,
ceived by your holiness."
session: "A general and Jewish a variety of subjects, frequently Aviv's shops, an added value. tax and to make exports worthwhile,
encyclopedia, in the Hebrew lan- with the compositor standing at his will be imposed first of all on the possibly through increased subsi-
guage, has been founded." The side.
yarn before it is woven into cloth, dies.
Congress greeted - the announce-
and then on the difference between
The economy, as a whole, will
ment with lively applause. Mr.
The man who did so much for the value of the yarn and the fab-
Turok of Cape Town undertook to the revival of Hebrew was at home ric, and again on the difference expand by about 7.6 per cent per
finance this venture, and Sokolow in many languages; the statesman in value between the fabric and annum, but the. main development
will take place in the industrial
threw himself into the work with
the finished product.
sector. Industrial output will rise
great fervor. He established a card who worked for the restoration of
annually by 11 per cent, reaching
More Taxation
index and invented Hebrew words Eretz Israel to the Jewish people,
the figure of IL20,100,000,000
for general cultural terms. In the lived in Warsaw, Cologne and Lon-
This additional taxation will en- pounds in 1975. as compared with
1930s, he worked on a modern He- don and was, in fact, at home in sure that private consumption per
IL12,000,000,000 at present. The
brew dictionary, on the model of
capita will not rise by more than
a German one, and in the archive all the capitals of Europe; the 2 per cent per annum. The upshot main stress will be laid on the
we find many cards with sugges- Jewish nationalist was also a cos- of all this is that the standard of metal and electronic industries (in-
cluding the production of civilian
tions for new words, which deserve mopolitan.
living : of people in the medium in- aircraft); and the chemical and
examination by the Academy for
come brackets will be frozen; that
In figures like Nahum Sokolow in the higher income brackets will clothing industries. Israel's secur-
the Hebrew Language.
we are confronted with Zionism be somewhat reduced, while sub- ity needs will also call for ex- •
It was no easy matter to have
panded local production of arms.
this archive transferred to Jeru- in its noblest form: Jewish human sidies will have to be given to large The country's industrial output for
families in the lower income security purposes will be 150 per
salem. Sokolow's daughter, ,Dr. ism.
cent higher than it was in 1970.
NAHUM SOKOLOW
The Pope confirmed Sokolow's
assumption. His visitor had re-
frained from recalling the rather
embarrassing audience granted by
the Pope's predecessor to Theodor
Herzl in 1904. That audience ended
in a sort of deadlock. Pius X had
remarked that Herzl should lead
the Jews to Palestine and the
church would then send many
priests to the Holy Land to bap-
tize all of them. On the other hand,
Benedict XV said several times to
Sokolow: "We hope that we shall
be good neighbors in Palestine."
Nahum Sokolow was not only a
politician, but first and foremost,
a humanist and writer, a journal-
ist and encyclopedist. He spoke
and wrote 10 languages and was
able to read several more; his
knowledge of Jewish and European
history, literature and philosophy
was prodigious.
As editor of Hatzefira he created
the first modern Hebrew daily.
His archive includes the issue of
Aug. 21, 1903, with the famous
picture by Lilien, "Herzl on the
Rhine Bridge in Basle." The He-
brew text r e ad s: "Matityahu
Herzl." Matityahu was a free trans-
lation of Theodor (Herzl's Hebrew
name was Binyamin Ze'ev).
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
44—Friday, July 9, 1971
ISRAELw9SMILE
War Industries
A Conversation Series
RuleastAl by:
By Shlomo Kodesh
TA R B UTH FOUNDATION
8
FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF HEBREW CULTURE
Cast Mrs. Aloni and a Hairdresser. Scene A beauty parlor in Jerusalem.
H.ordresser: Shalom, Mrs. Aloni. How are you? I haven't seen you for
a long time. I really missed you. I already suspected that you
ri199,?
. 1 ?9
Kt,
"nspv?nn 7)????
c'Tr
the Dead Sea and in the hot springs of Ein-Boker, near Ein-Gedi
t
nivinr n??`? "nnar? av
n???':, mix'? 'xi as ^it)1 7:7 niyr .nina 11ra? alga
'-Ann V•rn; nixvi"
trq?r_17 .3 ni3:3???21 n5nn ra:?
"I" t7v pp_ia
1?91 .orn? n?";o;'5
nitiFt?
L ?? ,
11! '75
around Sodom. Well, what shall sse do for you today?
Mrs. Aloni:
rl 9 'nix nn?Fr,
Make me beautiful.
...at?an
Hairdresser: There's nothing left to do. Everything is perfect.
Mrs. ;Joni: Thant you. You're sweet. You have a stock of ready-made
compliments, and you distribute them generously to all your
,C*Tii
TIT7 ir'
'ix mit?
1-1rtT, 3mi?
sacation with my family in Ein-Gedi for several weeks.
Hairdresser: Very good. I aish I could go away for a few day's vacation.
All my customers lease during the winter months, to bathe in
nn .7•11 7x
it?!
.n7'' 1 19?P'?
acre being disloyal to me and going to another beauty parlor.
Mrs. Aloni: Hemel) forbid. What a bad opinion you have of me. Is that
what you think of me? It was simply that I base been on
1 I 1 P4
n'IPPIPP
MRS. ALONI HAS HER HAIR DONE
in - 1m
r t.!
.nitFt
iv* p,27 nnx? ,Rinn in nixana ler? tit? Si . .pnn nnx !n -rin
?. 5
.n`? mr.rp
customers.
Hairdresser: Why not? As they say: "The one gains pleasure and the other
loses nothing." Not one customer has ever refused to listen
re?
nri rpm nr :0"-raitiqi in? ?x 2-, vrrn
?nixnnn ~ infix ninip57
-1.1n27 1t, ozp?1 Bt.p atm %:,p, x
Bt? nnx nnipt? 1:t
•••'-rn Vb'P't? n ?.19
to a compliment.
Mrs. Aloni:
But aren't you Sick and tired of telling the same compliments
to all your customers?
Hairdresser: Heaven forbid. I tit the compliments to each customer, ac-
cording to her outfit, the time of day, the season of the year,
and according to mood.
.n'r7n :inn
niva 'a? ,ntrint?nn "p'? nnip5 t2a 1 ", nixnrinn nx al•xnn
Mr?
79y72
^p`,, ,tYrn
...nirvennt?
Mrs. Aloni: You are a real expert in compliments. You should get a Ph.D.
Hairdresser
in compliment-making!
I deserve one. I'm an old hand in the business and work hard
at it... Well, Mrs. Aloni, what shall we do for you, a hair
cut? A shampoo? A set ?
Mrs. Aloni:
All of them. As for the set, find something that will suit my
lax
,xi?
.nix7?5 nrmrn. tv»
?np,'"an
srp?
1?iv? 3:ixpo na rn,•an
na'prr ?n7aan — arpoiv
nr” iitn3
tilt a'?inn In ja BSa ,nparit:, lax
t7an mina
personality. Look, I put myself in your hands like "clay in
'the - hands of the potter."
Hairdresser: The "clay" is excellent, and the "potter— not bad. Let's get
to work...
...n?rept? trip
--ixi•-n7
--intr7
Excerpted from the book "Israel With A Smile", published by Tarbuth Foundation, 515 Park Ave., N. Y. C. 10022
Israel is at present in a state-
of war, but what if peace is at-
tained within the coming five
years? In such eventuality, the
country's production potential, now
keyed largely to military produc
tion, will be ditertedther to the
production of military equipment
for export, or to the .production of
metal and electronic products for
civilian use. It is not envisaged
that such switch-over wilt gi
rise to serious difficulties, in vievv
of the high measure of sophistica-
tion and imagination involved in
the processes of production of both
arms as well as machinery and
equipment. It is expected that
352,000 hands will be employed'
in industry by 1975, as compared
with the present 265,000. These
will include some 11,000 engineers
(as compared with 6,300 at'pres-
ent) and '12,800 technicians (as
compared with the present 7,100).
The Five-Year Plan does not
touch upon the occupied areas, but
it does envisage some link between
Israel and these areas, in that it
foresees the employment in Israel
of 45,000 workers from the occu-
pied areas in 1975, as compared
with 30,000 at present.