Pressures Mounting as Sunday Deadline Looms-
(Continued from Page 1)
tions mediator Gunnar V. Jarring
last Friday.
It was disclosed that the note
contains no references to future
boundaries but makes it clear that
Israel will not return to the bor-
ders that existed before the June.
1967 Six-Day War. Addressing a
group of British settlers in Tel
Aviv, Eban said the gist of the Is-
raeli note was that Israel is pre-
pared to discuss all points at issue
with Egypt as long as Cairo is
ready to discuss peace with Israel
but that there could be no precon-
ditions to such discussions. Eban
hinted that the movement toward
peace was being hindered by the
indirect nature of the Jarring talks.
Conflicting assessments of the
Nixon speech and future relations
with the United States emerged.
Deputy Premier Yigal Allan intim-
ated in a radio interview that the
government does not feel that Is-
rael has been "let down" by the
U.S. But foreign ministry circles
took the view that Nixon has aban-
doned his policy of all-out support
of Israel which he adopted six
months ago, while the late Egyp-
tian President Nasser was alive.
The circles said that Nixon is an-
xious to improve relations with
Cairo and believes this to be pos-
sible under the Sadat regime even
if there is no chance of ousting
Soviet influence. One observer
said, "Don't be surprised if you
hear talk of negotiations for an
American loan to Egypt in a few
months."
Allan agreed that the U.S. wants
to "get its foot in the door" of
Cairo but argued that this was pos-
sible only with a strong Israel. This
being the case, he said, it was still
possible to persuade • Nixon to
abandon the Rogers Plan. Foreign
ministry circles said that Nixon's
speech indicated that he stands
squarely behind the Rogers plan,
even knowing that the Israel gov-
ernment rejects it categorically.
Eban reportedly said privately
that American pressure on Israel
can be expected soon. He said what
the U.S. wanted at this stage was
not a concession by Israel but a
map.
Secretary Rogers was said to
have told Israeli Ambassador Itz-
hak Rabin in Washington last Fri-
day that an appropriate counter-
move by Israel to Egypt's explicit
offer to make peace would be a
map stating Israel's minimum ter-
ritorial claims. Israel appears de-
termined to resist this. Govern-
ment sources conceded that sever-
al committees are working on the
"border question" but insisted that
no maps have been drafted. How-
ever, observers here said it was
not certain how long Israel could
hold out against Washington's de-
mands for specific boundary pro-
posals to Egypt.
Government sources said Israel
was not opposed to a solution of
the Palestine refugee problem but
was perturbed by Nixon's stress on
it in his foreign policy message
and feared that the Arab concept
of a solution might somehow filter
into the U.S. approach.
In his radio interview, Allan re-
ferred for the first time in many
months to the so-called Allan
Plan for Israel's future bounda-
ries with Jordan. He discloied
for the first time that his plan
also deals with the Golan Heights
and the Sinai. In Allon's view, Is-
rael must retain the Sharm el-
Sheikh strong point at the south-
ern tip of Sinai to control navi-
gation to and from Eilat and
must have a connecting land
strip along the western shores of
the Gulf of Aqaba. These bounda-
ries are considered to be more or
less the same envisaged by De-
fense Minister Moshe Dayan al-
though Alton presented the plan
in his own name only. Some ob-
servers said that he might have
been launching a trial balloon at
the government's request to test
reaction in Washington without
committing Israel.
The foreign ministry announced
Wednesday that Israel has begun
a round of diplomatic contacts with
member nations of the United Na-
tions Security Council. Most observ-
ers believe it is an attempt to
forestall a Soviet move to convene
the Security Council in order to
pressure Israel to backtrack from
its refusal to return to the pre-June
1967 borders.
The first contact took place Tues-
day when Premier Golda Meir and
Foreign Minister Eban met with
the United States charge d'affaires,
Owen Zurhellen. Eban received the
Belgian ambassador, P. Willems,
Wednesday and was to meet Thurs-
day with the Japanese ambassador
E. Tokura and the Argentine am-
bassador G. Kasai. The Italian for-
eign minister, Aldo Moro, was due
here Thursday on an official visit.
Eban also is scheduled to meet
with the Italian ambassador in the
next few days.
The Soviet Union has been at-
tempting, without result so far,
to get the Four Powers to pres-
sure Israel into changing its
stand on borders. But Moscow
has not asked for a Security
Council meeting.
(In Washington, the Nixon ad-
ministration has imposed silence
on official dealing in the Middle
East because of the delicate state
of the Jarring talks. Some diplo-
matic sources said that Israel's re-
fusal to withdraw completely from
the Sinai was not entirely inflex-
ible. They said the issue could be
negotiated, provided that Egypt
satisfied Israel by making its de-
mand for total withdrawal a "nego-
tiating position" rather than a pre-
condition.)
Israel Galili, a member of Pre-
mier Golda Meir's "inner circle,"
disclosed Tuesday night she had
recently indicated Israel's willing-
ness to consider an "interim solu-
tion," one that would not bring
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peace but would preclude a new
war in the Middle East. He said he
would not rule out the possibility
that a deadlock in the Jarring talks
might cause this subject to emerge
again in the future.
Galili, a minister without port-
folio in the Meir cabinet, told mem-
bers of the Labor alignment Knes-
set faction that Israeli leaders have
made it clear in Washington what
the basic elements of Israeli policy
on territorial matters is. Neverthe-
less, he said, the U.S. has ex-
pressed dissatisfaction with the
latest Israeli note sent to Cairo
through UN mediator Gunnar Jar-
ring.
He said Israel was presently
Involved in a "strenuous argu-
ment" with the U.S. Egypt, on
the other hand, for all of its dis-
play of dissatisfaction with the
Israeli note, has not said that it
would quit the Jarring talks,
Galill observed.
The Knesset house committee
Tuesday night rejected an appeal
by the Gahal opposition faction
against a presidium decision not to
debate Presjdent Nixon's state of
the world message.
o
Big 4 Peace Force Unworkable;
'Insubstantial' Changes Explained
JERUSALEM (JTA) —A highly
placed foreign ministry source
slated categorically Monday that a
Big Four Power peace-keeping force
in the Middle East would never
work because it was unthinkable
that Soviet troops would fire on
Arabs violating a peace agreement
or that American troops would fire
on Israelis.
Referring to the United States'
insistence that border changes
must be insubstantial, a phrase
Israel's No. 1 Woe
in Economy: Heavy
Defense Expenses
JERUSALEM (JTA)—An official
of the finance ministry said the ad-
vent of peace in the Middle East
will not lead to mass unemploy-
ment in Israel or create lasting
economic problems. According to
Efraim Dovrat, the ministry's as-
sistant director general, the main
problem confronting Israel's econ-
omy stems from heavy defense
expenditures which create labor
shortages, require heavy imports
and create a foreign trade imbal-
ance and a deficit.
Dovrat, who made his remarks
at a lecture in Haifa, is the third
government official in recent days
to refer to the Impact of peace on
Israel's economy. The subject was
brought up by Finance Minister
Pinhas Sapir last Week and was
referred to Feb. 24 by Dr. David
Horowitz, governor of the Bank of
Israel, at a meeting with foreign
newsmen.
The author of the "Horowitz
Plan" for aiding underdeveloped
nations, said that no more than
one or two years would be needed
to reconvert Israel to a peacetime
economy after an establishment of
peace. -Dr. Horowitz said he did
not share the fears of Sapir that
such a process would take much
longer. Horowitz noted, however,
that the conversion would not be
easy, considering that 25 per cent
of the country's gross national
product is now allotted for defense
and Israel's external debt comes
to $1,200 per capita. But a great
deal can be done to develop and
increase Israel's exports, he said.
Dovrat explained that conversion
to a peace-time economy would be
gradual because it will take years
before Israel can be certain that
the peace settlement is lasting. Is-
rael's industry is expected to sup-
ply more and more of the items
needed by the defense establish-
ment and will have to increase its
labor force to provide production
for export, he said. In that connec-
tion, the official mentioned that Is-
rael's arms exports had to be cut
by 18 per cent in the past year
due to local arms demands and
the scarcity of skilled manpower.
mw-ike ice
.sllivisM nanrisii-
,DOITITLY,
reiterated last week by President
Nixon in his state of the world
message, the source said that in-
substantial is not necessarily the
same as unimportant. The source
noted that he would easily imag-
ine changes in the Golan Heights
or Sinai that might fit the defini-
tion of insubstantial while still
being important for Israel's secu-
rity.
According to the source, Israel's
difficulties with Egypt could be
ironed out "if we had face-to-face
talks with the Egyptians" but even
though it was hard to see how
peace could be achieved without
direct contacts, Israel was not
making this point a condition for
its continuation with the Jarring
talks.
The source was most emphatic
on Big Power guarantees which Is-
rael insists cannot be a substitute
for secure and defensive borders.
"The Big Powers would be ineffec-
tive if called to act," the source
said. He disclosed that Egypt was
still adhering to "vague formulas"
in its replies to United Nations
mediator Gunnar V. Jarring on the
critical question of free navigation
for Israel. These formulas were the
same that excluded Israel from the
Suez Canal for more than 20 years.
Similarly, he said, Egypt has of-
fered Israel navigation through the
Straits of Tiran "in accordance
with the principles of international
law," a formulation that has been
established diplomatic relations but
created a complex network of trade
and cultural relations and mutually
interlocking economic interests that
made war unthinkable today. lie
also expressed optimism regarding
the outcome of the current differ.
ences between Israel and the U.S.
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
16--Friday, March 5, 1971
used against Israel in the past.
The source said that the "ideal"
peace between Israel and its Arab
neighbors should follow the pattern
of_ the Franco-German settlement
after World War II which not only
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