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—
HAIFA—One evening in 1967, an
engineer and a doctor were driving
back from Jerusalem to Haifa.
The engineer was Dr. Amnon Foltz,
senior lecturer in the mechanics
department of Technion-Israel In-
stitute of Technology. The doctor
was Ori Better, chief of the neph-
rology department at Rambam
Hospital, Haifa.
They had been in Jerusalem,
visiting the dialysis (artificial kid-
ney) center at Hadassah Hospital
and talking to colleagues about
ways to improve artificial kidney
machines.
Riding home, Better told Foux
about a medical procedure balled
peritoneal dialysis, with which
Foux was then only mildly.•famil-
iar. Better explained that 1)erito-
neal dialysis is performed to ac-
complish the same objective as
hemodialysis by an artificial kid-
ney: remove urea and water from
the bloodstream when the kidneys
fail.
Better also mentioned some of
the shortcomings of the dialysis
procedure. Foux, the engineer,
listened and went to work. Devis-
ing ways to improve the procedure
was to occupy him and a Technion
graduate student, Naftali -Galili,
for the coming months. .
What they came up with was
a new type of artificial-kidney
machine working with simplicity
and efficiency. It is not electric
or electronic (except for a heat-
ing element), and uses no motors
or pumps. It uses gravity, the
syphon principle, and a set of
springs. In its simplicity, it
could have been designed by
Leonardo da Vinci.
The project was carried out
under the sponsorship of the Julius
Silver Institute of Biomedical En-
gineering at Technion.
Peritoneal dialysis is used to
save lives in emergency cases of
acute renal failure, caused by
shock and physical injury to other
parts of the body, or by poisoning.
The kidneys stop functioning, and
death may result in a few days
from the accumulation of waste
products in the blood, unless treat-
ment is given to purify it. If some
artificial means can be used to
maintain the patient's life, the
kidneys stand a good chance of
recovering.
An artificial kidney could also
be used, but this would first neces-
sitate surgery to implant two con-
nections in the patient's arm. This
takes time, ruins two blood vessels
and is not justified if the kidney
failure is only temporary. Also,
there are people whose blood ves-
sels are not healthy enough -to
pertnit the implantation of connec-
tions. Moreover, very few hospi-
tals, either in Israel or elsewhere,
can afford to establish a hemo-
dialysis center equipped with ex-
pensive artificial kidneys.
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In operation at Rambam Hos-
pital in Haifa, a peritoneal
dialysis flow controller functions
as an artificial kidney in sav-
ing lives of kidney failure pa-
tients. The apparatus was de-
signed at the Julius Silver
Institute of Biomedical Engineer-
ing at Teclution-Israel Institute
of Technology. Utilizing gravita-
tion and the syphon principle,
it combines simplicity and effi-
ciency to reduce the time usually
required for peritoneal dialysis,
by half.
•
• •
There has been a great need
for an alternative to the artifi-
cial kidney. Potentially, perito-
neal dialysis presented this al-
ternative. But there was the
problem of efficiency and time.
Thirty-six hours to carry out the
procedure was nearly as costly
as treatment by an artificial
kidney. The procedure had to be
improved and speeded up.
To Dr. Foux, the obvious solu-
United Hias Offers
Restitution Aid
NEW YORK—Verification of age
for Social Security purposes and
assistance in obtaining evidence
for restitution claims are among
the services rendered by United
Hiss, it was stated by Gaynor I.
Jacobson, executive vice president
of the worldwide Jewish migration
agency. _ _ -
He noted that the Social Secu-
rity Administration suggests to its
district offices that they contact
United Ifias Service where Jewish
applicants are involved. "The fact
that the Social Security Adminis-
tration accepts verification of age
from United Hias Service as proof
of eligibility for benefits has been
of great help to thousands of Jews
in the United States. Our records
of arrival go back to 1910."
Even as late as 1970, he added,
many requests for assistance
were received from persons flu-
ing claims for restitution from
the German government.
Jacobson noted that among the
traditional post-migration services
rendered by the agency are: na-
turalization, adjustment of status,
stay of deportation and other ap-
plications and proceedings before
the Immigration and Naturaliza-
tion Service of the U.S. Depart-
ment of Justice. In 1970, 2,500 per-
sons received such assistance from
United Hias Service.
Chief of Staff Bar Lev
Agrees to 4th Term
TEL AVIV (Zins)—Israel Chief
of Staff General Hahn Bar-Lev
now enters his fourth year as com-
mander—unusual in that most of
his predecessors served two-year
terms and then went on to other
callings.
(It is a matter of principle in
Israel that commanders not make
the army a career.)
Gen. Bar-Lev, 46, was born in
Vienna, educated in Yugoslavia
and in Israel, and holds szt MA
from Columbia University in New
York.
TIE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
National Jewish Population Study
being conducted by the Council of
NEW YORK (JTA)—Two more Jewish Federations and Welfare
Jewish communities—those of At- Funds. The study is to cover 51
lantic City and Atlanta —have cities and involve some 13,000
announced participation in the first Jewish families.
Jewish Population Survey
Israeli Engineer Uses Theory of Gravity
to Devise an Artifical Kidney Machine
tion was to make peritoneal dial-
ysis a continuous process, with
fluid entering the abdomen, cir-
culating, and being drawn out
without interruption.
To accomplish this two tubes
would be needed. Yet why punc-
ture the abdominal wall twice?
Working at the Technion lab, Foux
and Galili designed a unique dou-
ble tube—one within the other.
Then came the mechanics of
maintaining a steady, regulated
flow of fluid passing into, through,
and out of the abodmen. A pace
that is too fast or too slow would
reduce the efficiency of the meth-
od, lengthening its time, wasting
fluid, and resulting in higher
costs.
The system Foux and Galili em-
ployed was based on a simple
physical principle—gravity. Grav-
ity is used to transport the dial-
yzing fluid from bottles at the top
of the machine which they design-
ed—all the way to a waste con-
tainer on a bottom platform.
With proper flow, the time for
peritoneal dialysis can now be
reduced from 34; hours to 18
hours. The new machine is now
in frequent use at Rambam Hos-
pitaL
Dr. Foux sees a wide applica-
tion for the machine, especially in
small hospitals unable to afford
sophisticated artificial kidneys.
Currently, Dr. Foux and a team ,
of engineers and doctors are turn-
ing their attention to help the
heart attack victim: a heart assist
machine.
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