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FeudialfRabliii*te Named -for Deeline
of Autonomous Community in 1400S
1'
Bitter feuds and tragic rivalries community to an organized rab-
in the rabbinate were major fac- binate.
"The rabbi became the dominant
tors in the decline of Central Eur-
ope's autonomous Jewish commun- authority in the Kehila (commun-
ity in the 15th Century, according ity)." Dr. Zimmer said. "This,
to a study by Dr. Eric Zimmer, coupled with the emergence of an
assistant professor of Jewish his- almost professional office and the
tory at Yeshiva University's Erna innovation of rabbis granting writs
Michael College of Hebraic Studies. of ordination, smikha, to younger
Published by Yeshiva University scholars, brought a fierce struggle
Dr. Zimmer's book "Harmony and for jurisdiction and control in the
Discord" analyzes the communal communities."
institutions of 15th Century Ger-
many, through examination of all Brooklyn VA Hospital
available rabbinic literature of
Only Facility Providing
the period.
According to Dr. Zimmer, the Kosher Meals for Jews
NEW YORK (JTA) — Observant
expulsions and persecutions of the
14th Century caused basic changes Jewish war veterans at the Vet-
in the system of authority, from erans Administration hospital in
the scholarly counselors of the Brooklyn can choose hot kosher
meals in the only program in VA
hospitals to provide kosher food for
such patients. The program was
started in July 1969 and funds for
the kosher diet are provided by
the Kings County Council of the
Jewish War Veterans.
Rabbi Eugene Cohen, the hospi-
tal chaplain, said that prior to the
start of the project, observant vet-
erans were given permissible food,
a meager and monotonous diet.
Detroit
He
added they could not have a hot
Feb. 27-March 6
meal or a meat dish during their
pet person plus tax
stay under those requirements.
includes ground transportation to
He said more than 80 veterans
and from Harder Hall, Full Amer-
have availed themselves of the
ican Plan, Free Golf plus the ac-
program which offers a variety of
colades of 2 generations of
pre-packaged, frozen meals, in-
golfers who say "We've never had
cluding sevreal types of meat. The
it as good as at Harder Hall."
meals are warmed in special heat-
If you can't schedule your vaca-
ers provided by the hospital, he
tion for these dates you can still
said. The program was started
save 20% for groups of 12 or
and carried through by Max Riesl
more. Call Collect (lima We'll
man, commander of JWV Post 218.
help you organize.
sA1154
per couple) on yo
golf vacation.
$299
Harder Hall
For Lott you can't beat it.
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Why does the Jewish tradition
prefer having the blessing of the
new moon take place on a Satur-
day night?
Some commentaries explained
that Saturday night finds the Jew
in a good mood still dressed in the
Sabbath attire (Magen Abraham,
Orah Hay im 426:3). Generally
speaking, Jewish tradition pre-
ferred to have the Jew proceed
from the performance of one Mitz-
vah to the performance of another,
so that as much as possible his life
would be a chain of observances of
Holy precepts.
Another explanation for prefer-
ring Saturday night as the time for
the blessing of the new moon is of-
fered by the mystics (in the name
of Rabbi Hayim Vital).
According to this reason, the
new moon expresses a message
of hope for renewal. tradition has
it that the Temple of Old was
destroyed on a Saturday night. In
a sense, the Jew may be somewhat
gloomy on Saturday night when he
remembers this tragic episode.
Consecrating the new moon on
Saturday night gives him hope
for the new day which will even-
tually come just like the new moon
came. He is thus praying for the
extension of the spirit of the new
moon on all Israel, which he hope-
fully prays will likewise be some
day renewed in the spirit of the
Almighty.
• • •
Why is it customary to offer
this benediction for the new
moon in the open air instead of
indoors?
Some claim that this is done out
of respect to the new moon which
is regarded as a most worthy
guest who has just arrived. Others
claim that if the Jew is indoors
he might be under the same roof
with impure objects. Going out
into the open air frees him of all
impurity and exposes him to the
universal purity of nature, like the
moon.
•
Why is
s
the observance of the
Sabbath prolonged for a while
after sunset on Saturday night
and begun a while sooner before
sunset on Friday afternoon?
Some sources (Makilta Yithro)
claim that this procedure is based
on two verses in the Bible. In one
of the two sets of the ten com-
mandments the Bible writes "Re-
member the Sabbath." This would
indicate that one should have the
Sabbath in mind before it actually
arrives. The other verse in the
other set of commandments reads
"Keep the Sabbath" or "Guard the
Sabbath." This would indicate that
one should keep watch with the
Sabbath as..it departs.
There are some who claim that
the Sabbath is not simply to be
accepted but anticipated as a guest
for which one yearns, thus one
prepares himself to receive the
guest even before he arrives.
Also, if the guest is a desired one,
one tries to prolong his visit and
thus the exit of the Sabbath is
delayed to indicate that we regret
to see it leave.
There are some who claim that
the reason for adding time to the
beginning and end of the Sabbath
is related to the contention that
the wicked in hell are at rest on
the Sabbath. Adding to the Sabbath
at the beginning and at the end
would give the victims of hell addi-
tional time of respite from their
torments.
Also, it is claimed, that whoso-
ever observes additional periods
of time as rest in his lifetime
before the beginning and after the
ending of the Sabbath, will be re-
warded by receiving extra time of
rest from the torments of hell
before and after the Sabbath.
Wily Is it forbidden to eat or
drink anything before reciting
the Minsk on the Sabbath?
The recitation of the Kidush
before the meal on the Sabbath
designates that meal as 'a special
Sabbath meal instead of an ordi-
nary meal. If one would eat before
the Eldush; that food or drink
would thus not have been estab-
lished to be a Sabbath meal.
in Israel as Citizen
Number 3,000;000
Israeli
dignitaries were at Lydda Airport
Monday night to greet the nation's
3,000,000th citizen — th a n
Therolinkov, an itramigratik.`from
the Soviet Union on a flight from
JERUSALEM (JTA) —
JERUSALEM — A program to
beautify settlements on the Leban-
ese border by landscaping their
residential areas has been under-
taken by the Jewish National Fund.
The settlements Included in the
first stage of the plan are Manara,
Misgav Am, Shomera, Even Mena-
chart, Zarit, Mahon, Dovev and
Margaliot.
Celebate HANKA
and NEW YEAR HOLIDAY
Vienna.
Therolinkov, an engineer; is with
his wife and daughter. Absorption
Minister Nathan Peled personally
presented the newcomers with their
official identity cards, and later
they were received by Premier
Golds Meir.
Advance announcement of the
ceremonial welcome marked a de-
parture from past practice when
the arrival of Jews from the So-
viet Union was treated with re-
straint.
The welcome for the Therolinkov
family was regarded as a demon-
strative gesture on behalf of Rus-
sian Jews who want to go to Israel
but cannot obtain exit visas._
There was no indication from
any sources why Therolinkov, a
professional and apparently a
young man, was permitted to leave
while other Russian Jews are de-
nied emigration rights. New immi-
grants are automatically granted
Israeli citizenship on arrival.
The official listing of Therolin-
kov as the 3,000,000th Israeli is
based on year-end statistics which
showed that as of Dee. 31, Israel's
population fell only 2,000 short of
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