Polish Campaign Against Jews Arouses World Protests au-

soften the effects of the campaign
(Continued from Page 1)
What form that action might take which has had such unfavorable
was a matter of speculation here. repercussions abroad for Poland.
The communist leader told a
Some said nothing short of total
war would convince the Jordanian meeting of 3,000 party officials in
government to check the terrorists Warsaw that "it would be a mis-
and saboteurs using their territory understanding if we saw in Zion-
as a base for incursions against ism a danger for socialism in Po-
Israel. They drew an analogy be- land, for its social-political sys-
tween the bus mining and other re- tem." He warned against a blanket
cent acts of terror against civilians indictment of all of Poland's Jews
with the situation in 1956 when and said that before charges were
Egyptian fedaheen roamed Israeli made against anyone, they should
roads at night attacking traffic and be checked with the proper authori-
bombing homes. That situation, it ties. He said that communists re-
was recalled, was ended by the jected both Zionism and anti-Semi-
Sinai Campaign.
tism as "two sides of the same
The arrests were considered medal."
"alarming," according to observ-
Gomulka praised the Polish Jews
ers, who pointed out that there who were truly linked to Poland
are only 18,000 to 20,000 Jews left but said that "we are ready to
in Poland, about 5,000 of whom offer emigration passports" for
are in old age homes or depend- those Jews who gloried in Israel's
ent on charity. Yet in some col- victory last June. These people,
leges, every Jewish students was he said, were not "linked with
held for questioning while only Poland" but with Israel and were
selected ring-leaders among the "Jewish nationalists." The "most
non-Jewish students were arrested. numerous group" of Jews, he said,
In many cases, Jews were ar-
rested merely on the word of police considered Poland, "the only
informers and undercover agents fatherland."
The Communist leader, who him-
on the campuses, the report said.
One of the arrested students self created the basis for the cur-
was Alexander Smolar, son of rent wave of anti-Semitism by his
Hirsch Smolar, editor of the threats last June against Polish
Jews who had exulted in Israel's
Folkshtimme, Poland's only Yid-
dish daily. Another was Kather- victory, showed concern at the in-
ine Werfel, daughter of a well discriminate nature of the current
known Polish Jewish writer. attack on the Jews. He pointed out
Folkshtimme, organ of the Polish that many of the Jews he con-
Jewish Cultural Society, has so sidered loyal to Poland "hold im-
far refrained from mentioning portant and responsible posts in
the anti-Jewish aspects of the the party and administration."
Either Gomulka's intervention
campaign and has omitted every
anti-Israel and anti-Zionist ref- was not strong enough or not
erence from t he speeches of enough time elapsed for his fiat
Communist Party officials which to reach all government ranks, and
it has otherwise published in the Warsaw Radio in a news com-
mentary designed for listeners
full.
(A new element was injected abroad continued the attack on
into the campaign, according to "Zionists."
a New York Times dispatch from
A Warsaw radio home commen-
Warsaw, when a "West German- tary returned to the topic of "The
Israeli conspiracy" against Poland Babel Club," a Jewish student or-
was charged by Communist Party ganization, and described it as "a
secretary Jan Szydlak in an ad- club notorious for its joy at the
dress to a workers' rally in Poz- success of Israel's aggression
nan. He accused "Zionists in our against the peace-loving Arab
country" of wanting to "serve up states."
Poland on the feast table of (West
The charges of anti-Semitism
German Chancellor) Kiesinger, have embarrassed the government
Eshkol and Dayan," the Times dis- and party in Poland which are
patch said. In the Baltic port of trying to draw a clear, if thin, line
Gdansk (Danzig), according to the between anti-Zionism and anti-
Times, the local party secretary, Semitism, according to observers.
Stanislaw Kociolek, added t h e The first member of the powerful
name of Bronislaw Baczko, a Jew- Politburo to speak out publicly
ish professor of philosophy, to the on the student unrest, Edward
growing list of intellectuals ac- Gierek, displayed this tactic in a
cused of fomenting disturbances.) nationally televised speech before
But the government tactic of 100,000 in Silesia, where he is
singling out Jews as the scapegoat party secretary. He rejected ac-
for Poland's internal troubles, has cusations of anti-Semitism but ad-
run into opposition from several ded that "the enemies of Poland
quarters, according to reliable will be crushed even if they are
reports. Dissenting students at protected by international Zion-
Warsaw and other universities ism." He said the recent dis-
have been enraged by official turbances were the work of "a
charges that they are being man- small group of political adventur-
ipulated by "Zionists" or that they ers" and went on to read a list of
have Zionist sympathies and have recognizable Jewish names as the
demanded that the government culprits. He said further that po-
cease its "lies." (The New York lice had detained a carload of
Times reported that 1,000 students "troublemakers" on their way to
at a rally in Poznan shouted "long Silesia, financed by "enemies of
live the workers, we are not the Polish people, revisionists,
Zionists and lackeys of imperial-
Zionists.")
In addition, there has been ism" who "want to see a capitalist
sharp reaction abroad to the gov- Poland."
ernment's campaign, not only in
In a similar vein, the official
the West but in neighboring Communist Party newspaper, Try-
Czechoslovakia whose own ruing buna Ludu, on Thursday blamed
Communist Party is in upheaval. not only "Zionists" but "anti-
Radio Prague broadcast an ap- Semites" for instigating student
peal by the writers section of riots. It proceeded to recall the
the Czech Communist Party Fri- "fraternal attitude" toward Jews
day night urging Polish writers by the "Polish nation" during the
and other intellectuals not to German occupation in World War
"stoop to anti-Semitism" in their II and claimed that Poles had
efforts to combat "irresponsible "heroically opposed the extermin-
elements within Polish society." ation of the Jews." Only a day
Observers expressed doubts earlier, the same paper published
Wednesday that Polish Communist a lengthy article titled "What is
Party boss Wladyslaw Gomulka Zionism?" a rhetorical question,
had succeeded to any considerable which it answered by alleging that
extent in slowing down the anti- Zionism was a movement that tries
Semitic campaign officials have to persuade Jews "that their place
been carrying on in an attempt to is not among the nations with
discredit the student protest move- which they have been living for
h had
aeen
b ab - centuries" and to "deepen the
omulk a, wo
ment . G
sent from Warsaw an d silent while separation between Jews and other
t e anti-Jewish "anti-Zionist" h cam- people" while sawing "national and
paign gathered momentum, tried racial discord among the working
in a two-hour speech Tuesday to class."

li.

•

Related Stories on Pages 8 and 9

Richard Davy, former Warsaw
Reports reached here that Po-
correspondent of the London
lish students engaged in the
Times, said he - was expelled
protest movement were "deeply
from Poland on complaints by
offended" by reports that the
the foreign ministry there that
Guardian correspondent in War-
"I had not made it clear who
saw, Victor Zorza, had accused
was instigating the student riots."
them of anti-Semitism. Zorza
The tone of the Polish press, he .
promptly denied that he had and
said, indicates that "someone is
apologized "for any misunder-
out to get certain writers and
standing which could be due
`Zionists' which means not just
only to incomplete reports of
Jews but anyone who does not
my article." Zorza's dispatches
adhere to the Party line on
were the first to report the
Israel."
Warsaw regime's attacks on
Zionists and Jews. But he ab-
The president of the Board of
solved the students from offici- Deputies of British Jews charged
ally inspired anti-Semitism and that the Polish government's cur-
said "the youth of Poland has rent campaign to blame Jews for
overcome an aberration that be- student unrest in that country was
longs properly to the Middle "being master-minded by Soviet
Ages."
elements" who intend it as "a tan-
The Times said in an editorial gible lesson and therefore a threat
that "it seems most unlikely that to the Jews in Russia." Alderman
blaming the Jews is going to cut; Michael M. Fiddler, addressing a
much ice in Poland or anywhere ! meeting of the board said it is
else." At this particular moment,1 easy for the 30,000 Jews in Poland
the paper said, "criticism of the !, to be used as an intimidating ex-
Jews must, for most people in ample to the 3,000,000 Jews
Eastern Europe, seem profoundly ' in Russia." He added that the
irrelevant. Emotions older and . blatant anti-Semitism" being ex-
deeper than anti-Semitism are at ' ploited by the Polish authorities
work." Besides, it must be hard . "was a situation calling for the
to persuade Poles that Jews or i severest condemnation."
Zionist are much of a threat to': Sir Barnett Janner, chairman of
their institutions." the board's foreign affairs corn-
The Association of Polish-Jewish mittee, said that the student dem-
ex-servicemen, a group of Jewish ! onstrations in Poland were a legiti-
veterans of the Polish Army in mate expression of dissatisfaction
World War II, announced a public with a general system of repres-
protest meeting here on March 20 si"' "But in their traditional
against the anti-Jewish campaign
in Poland.
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

1

despicable manner, the Polish
thorities have endeavored to dis-
credit their critics as 'Zionists' or
`Jewish.' " He noted that reliable
reports from Poland indicated that
the Jewish community is in a state
of terror and many are afraid to
leave their homes to go to work.
"Unfortunately, such a trend was
the logical outcome to be expected
from the anti-Zionist line taken by
Soviet and other Communist prop-
agandists," he added.
American Zionist Council,
Reform Group Join Protests
Against Polish Campaign
NEW YORK (JTA) — President
Johnson was urged to "use all the
influence of the United States gov-
ernment" against "the growing
threat of government-sponsored
anti-Semitism" in Poland. T h e
appeal was made by Albert Vor-
span, director of the social action
commission of the Union ,f Ameri-
can Hebrew Congregations, the
congregational body of the Ameri-
can Reform Judaism.
A similar warning was issued
by Rabbi Israel Miller, chairman
of the American Zionist Council,
the. coordinating agency for all
American Zionist groups, w h o
warned that the Polish regime's
attack on Zionism was "not simply
an attack on Israel" but also "an
attack on the survival of the people
and the ideals of freedom and
liberty" which are Zionism's "spir-
itual content."

Friday, March 22, 1968-35

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