Weekly Quiz

Why is it that special signifi-
cance is attached to the meal
which is eaten on Saturday after-
noon?
This meal is called "Seuda
Shelishit" (the third meal) or
"Shalosh Seudoth" (three meals).
Its significance lies basically in
the fact that by partaking of this
meal one has consumed the three
meals required on the Sabbath
(i.e. one on Friday night, Satur-
day lunch, and this Saturday after-
noon meal). From ancient Bibli-
cal sources it seems that the eat-
ing pattern was to have two meals
every day — one in the morning
and one in the evening (Exodus
16:8, 16-12). The same habit can
be seen in the Tannaitic litera-
ture (Shabbos 10a, Berakoth 2b).
Because of the special significance
of the Sabbath a third meal was
added so as to make the Sabbath
different than the rest of the week
(Sabbath 117b). The Rabbis de-
rive the requirement for the three
meals from the fact that the word
"H a y o m" (this day) is men-
tioned three times in the Biblical
verse wherein Moses commanded
the people of Israel to eat the
Manna on the Sabbath (Exodus
16:25 — See the Targum Yeru-
shalmi commentary to this parti-
cular verse). Somehow it is this
particular meal coming in the
afternoon of the Sabbath that de-
picts the Sabbath as a day of
rest and relaxation because or-
dinarily people could be occupied
with their daily pursuits at this
particular time of the day and
would have no time to eat a meal
then. This is why the third meal
of the Sabbath can be eaten only
in the afternoon whereas the first
meal can be eaten on Saturday
morning if one did not get to eat
it on Friday evening. The Rabbis
say that whosoever does consume
the three meals on the Sabbath
is protected from three difficult
times in the future, i.e. the pangs
of the period of the Messiah, the
punishment of Hell and the on-
slought of the war of Gog and
Magog in the Days to come.

Why do many insist on hav-
ing this meal in the synagogue
and in the company of the other
people In the synagogue where
words of Tora are spoken?

Some commentaries have de-
picted the three periods of the
Sabbath and the three meals that
are consumed in these periods as
indicative of the three historic
periods of the Sabbath. The first
period and its accompanying meal
on Friday night is representative
of the Sabbath of Creation when
the Almighty created the world
and rested on the Sabbath. The
second period and the Sabbath
morning meal represents the dec-
laration of the Sabbath at Mount
Sinai. The third period and the
accompanying Sabbath afternoon
meal depicts the eschatalogical
Sabbath — the time when every
day will be like the Sabbath and
the people will be able to spend
every day and all day reflecting
in the glory of the Almighty,
studying and living in peace with
each other. Thus the third meal
of the Sabbath is today spent in
the company of others and is ac-
companied with Tora study.
• • •

(Copyright, 1967, JTA, Ine.)

tions come at the very beginning
and towards the end of the main
body of Jewish prayer i.e., the
eighteen blessings called the
"Shmona Esre.") Bowing at these
t w o benedictions and remain-
ing erect during the intermediary
benedictions wherein one presents
his petition to the Almighty is on
the one hand symbolic of the nec-
essity for man's humility as the
basic approach to prayer and on
the other hand symbolic of the
necessity for man's confidence in
approaching the Almighty during
prayer feeling that he can ap-
proach the Creator face to face
in asking for his needs in life. The
Tos a f o t Commentary (Talmud
Bavli, Berahot 34a) explains that
we do not allow a man to bow in
the course of the intermediate
benedictions because this might be
construed as an arrogant show of
piety.
Why does the worshiper
straighten up as soon as he bows
down during the specified times
in the prayers.

gives thanks." The basic reason
for this bowing is because it is a
symbol of humility. The Talmud de-
picts the worshipper at the first
benediction (i.e. the one in which
the patriarchs are mentioned) as a
"subject approaching his King who
bows in humility." The condition
of the worshipper during the bene-
diction where thanks is given is de-
picted as that of the subject who
has just received a favor from his
king and thus bows in. humble
thanksgiving. These two benedic-

A. The Talmud (Bavli, Bera
hot 12a) depicts this practice as
"bowing down at the word Barukh
("Blessed") and straightening up
at the name of the Almighty which
immediately follows this word." The
reason given for this is that it be-

comes a portrayal of the words of
the Psalmist who said "The Lord

raises up them that are bowed
down" (Psalms 146:8). This vividly
portrays the feeling in Judaism
'that while man is initially asked
to feel within himself a sentiment
of inadequacy, he is nevertheless

French Chief Rabbi Asks Aid for 10,000 Refugees

by terminating the -functions of the
Jewish tribunal in Morocco's
capital city.

PARIS (JTA)—An appeal for aid
on behalf of more than 10,000 re-
cently arrived Jews from Tunisia
and Morocco was issued here by
Grand Rabbi Jacob Kaplan. Many
of the newcomers left their homes
in fear of Arab reprisals following
the Six-Day War. Rabbi Kaplan
called on the French Jewish Com-
munity to respond to the needs of
these fellow Jews. "I am sure that
those who did not respond to the
separate appeals of the Jewish
Welfare fund and for aid to Israel
at the beginning of 1967 will sub-
scribe to this joint campaign," he
said.

Earlier, the rabbinical court in
Casablanca, Morocco's largest
city, was suspended following the
emigration of its head. Rabbi
Cohen was the sixth rabbinical
jurist to leave Morocco since the
Six-Day War.

Chief Rabbi of Moscow
Greets New York Rabbi

NEW YORK (JTA) — Chief
Rabbi Yehuda Leib Levin of Mos-
cow sent a new year's greeting to
Rabbi Arthur Schneier, head of
the Appeal to Conscience Founda-
tion, in which he voiced hope for
"peace and harmony amongst the
nations of the world." Rabbi
Schneier read the message to his
congregation at Park East Syna-
gogue during the Yom Kippur

not to consider this sentiment as a
permanent feature of his emotional
condition. Humility is to be con-
Grand Rabbi Simon Cohen. head
sidered only as an overture to of the rabbinical court in Rabat,
man's feeling of achievement and has left Morocco for Israel, there-
accomplishment in life. Man is
asked to become a miniature Cre-
ator on his own, but ever to keep Panel Will Question
in mind that he is allowed to do so
McGill at Bnai Moshe
by the grace of the heavenly Cre-
A panel will challenge Pulitzer
ator before whom he is considered
as naught but in whose eyes he can Prize- winning author - publisher
Ralph McGill when he concludes
always find grace.

Fodor's Modern Israel Guide
Up to Date in 1967-68 Edition

"Fodor's Modern Guides" have
earned the fame they have
acquired, and the newest Israel
guide for 1967-68 attests of the
importance of this series pub-

services.

Make The

the 1967 series at Cong. Bnai
Moshe 8:30 p.m. Nov. 2 with a talk
on "Captives of Our Environment".
Among the questioners an-
nounced by lecture chairman Nor-
bert Reinstein, who will act as
moderator, are Mrs. Robert Hughes,
executive director of the Detroit
Commission on Children and Youth;
Jack Hamilton, feature writer of
the Detroit Free Press, and Shel-
don Hochman, editorial writer for

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visited — A Benevolent Barb"
which is replete with humor based
on Israeli experiences and develop-
lished by David McKay Co. (750 ments and "Creative Israel —
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Young but Mature" which empha-
It is the "After the cease-fire ..." sizes the youth of the young nation. the Detroit News.
Filled with many impressive
reference on the jacket that has
McGill, former editor and since
photographs, the Fodor Israel
special significance. This volume
1960 publisher of the Atlanta Con-
Guide has an extensive Hebrew- stitution, won the Pulitzer Prize
had just about reached the printer
English vocabulary.
when it was retained for a supple-
for his editorial writing in 1958
20811 W. 8 Mile Road
The informative material about and the Presidential Medal of
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Jeru-
Latest Tourist Situation." That
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guides the tourist through the etc., is in evidence throughout this gregation office, LI 8-9000.
newly regained Israeli areas, offers work which should be acquired
the proper advice for travelers to some weeks before the trip to
Israel, even suggests usage of some Israel to enable the tourist to be-
Arabic terms in the spots where come fully acquainted with the
Arabs now predominate under valued visits he plans to make
through Israel.
Israeli jurisdiction.
air far•*399 *
Edited by Eugene Fodor and
William Curtis, the guide "Israel
Rabbi Arm to Speak
1967-68" had the benefit of Joel
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This guide is noteworthy not
only for its all-inclusive coverage
of Israel's territory but also for
the historical background pro-
vided in a scholarly introduction
by Barbara W. truchman. Her
review of the Zionist background,
of the emergence of Israel and
the country's struggle for sur-
vival, and attendant data, are
skillfully sketched to enlighten
the tourist on Israel and the
Israeli nation.
There is merit also, for an un-

Zionist Institute.
There will be a musical program
of Israeli and folk songs conducted
by Ayala Klingman. Movsas Gol-

doftas will read from Jewish litera-
ture. Refreshments will be served.

Adas Shalom Marrieds
to Hold Oneg Shabat

The Young 'n Marrieds of Adas

Shalom Synagogue will sponsor an
oneg Shabat, 8:30 p.m. Oct. 27 in
the small chapel.

derstanding of the other side, in
Rabbi Leonard S. Cahan will offi-
Laschever's supplementary essay ciate over the services and lead the
on "Jordan" and its sites, and on discussion.
the Jordanian elements who now
W 11'4,11, • kz..•
draw special attention in relation
!C &
. :0:76 7 :: :■ :111C ■ ist!rnti.Sn
g71, 1 ,1
to the Holy Land.
?
Then there are essays by George

New Budget Unchanged,
Israel Cabinet Predicts

JERUSALEM (JTA) — Israel's
Why is It required for the
cabinet, at its first post-holiday
worshiper to bow during cer-
meeting
Sunday, discussed next
tain parts of the prayers?
The Talmud (Bavli, Bera hot year's budget, and it was reported

34a) mentions this requirement.
These times are specified as "at
the beginning and at the end of
the benediction which mentions the
Patriarchs" and "at the beginning
and at the end of the blessing which

Friday, October 20, 1967-17

THE DETROIT JEWISH HEWS

By RABBI SAMUEL J. FOX

that the government's fiscal situa-
tion will still call for a total sum,
unchanged from the last budget,
of about $2,000,000,000:
It was believed that the plans
are to reduce direct taxes some-

what next year, but to impose a
special levy on income taxes to
provide funds needed for defense.
There will also be special incen-
tives to investors and to new
immigrants.
The new immigrants may have
their income taxes reduced by
being exmepted from any tax pay-
ments for the first $500 earned

each month. Financial circles here
forecast a pick-up in economic
activity, as compared with the last
year's economic slowdown.

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