liebron Again Part of Israel

By CARL ALPERT
HEBRON — Twenty miles south
of Jerusalem. perched atop a hill
which is higher than Israel's capi-
tal, lies one of the most fascina-
ting cities of the country. The visit-
ing Israeli is magnetically attract-
ed to Hebron. and simultaneously
repelled by it because of contra-
dictory elements in its long and
exotic history.
The historic evidence of its an-
tiquity is unmistakable. It was in
Hebron, as recorded in the Book of
Genesis, that Abraham purchased
the Cave of Machpelah and buried
there , his wife Sarah. In due course
he :end his sons, Isaac and Jacob
and their wives likewise were in-
terred there. Of all the ancient holy
spots. this is perhaps the one with

the greatest degree of authenticity.
preserved by Moslem. Christian and
.1eSs l.h_respect.
During the centuries the build-
ing which houses the tombs has

12r un e through many changes. One
w all almost certainly dates back to

tierod. - A wing was built in the
. 1320. The huge, rambling

structure. with its many rooms. is

today a mosque and still in use
The streams of Israelis and tour.

1 , ts. the devout or the merely cur-
ho began wiling to the
tenths were a source of friction

and •conflict with Moslems who use
the' mosque for prayer five times
daily. A critical situation was av-
erted when the Israel Ministry of
Defense set up a time-table for al-
ti mate Moslem and non-Moslem
visits.
For the truly pious. a visit to
the tombs of the patriarchs and
matriarchs is an ecstatically mov-
ing experience. The respectful ob-
server' stands by in awe at the
spiritual, mystical, emotional dem-

onstrations on the part of Ashken-
azi and Sephardi alike:.
But there is an twderlying ele-
ment of horror In Hebron as
well. One of the- most cruel of
the Arab massacres in our times
was perpetrated here in 1929. An
ugly mob, with the tacit consent
of the British garrison, invaded
the Jewish quarter and butcher-
. ed religious women, children,
old men and Talmud students in
an orgy of blood and cruelty.
If sonic of those murderers of 38
years ago were youths of 20 at the
tqne. they are today the middle-
aced men who sit quietly at their
stalls. or watch the Jewish tourists

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from their cafe tables. The yeshi-
va students of 1967 walk proudly
erect through the streets. The
bearded, kaftaned, earlocked Jews,
of Jerusalem, some of them refu-
geeS from this very city, have now
made a triumphant return to Heb-
ron. They pause quietly before the
ruins of what used to be the pride
of Ilebron's yeshivas.
The Arabs may be uncertain
about the political fate and future
of Ilebron, but to the Israelis this
is now part of their country. They
wander unafraid through the wind-
ing. narrow, sometimes arched and
dark alleyways of the market. They
hunt for curios. Prize acquisitions
are the white, furred sheepskins
which seem to have become a hall-
mark of Ilebron. -Purchase of a
furpiece requires patience and
skill in the oriental art of haggling .
The first price asked can usually
be reduced substantially. Yet the
happy satisfaction of the seller
upon eventual consumation of the
sale, despite his previous protesta-
tions that the skin cost. him more,
leaves the buyer with the suspi-
cion that he still had overpaid.
The sophisticated visitor will
go to the empty shop of Muharn-
tiled Eljah Salim Naser E-Din, lo-
cated at Bab Elzawieh, on the
outskirts of the ancient suk.
E-Din had been an Arab refugee.
Before 1948 he had a store in
Jerusalem, in which he sold an-
tiquities. Here in Hebron his
business card reads: "Selling and
buying historical Palestinian ar-
ticles.
The shop is empty, but if the vi-
sitor seems genuinely interested
E - Din will produce some old coins
—Arab, Byzantine and even an-
cient Jewish. In a cabinet he has

a few clay oil lamps which he guar-

antees are from the period of Her-
od. But there will be new finds on
his shelf in a few days ....
Hebron of the tombs, of the
blood-stained Yeshivas, of the or-
iental market—this too is now part
of the Israel of kibutzim and tire
factories and Jewish bus drivers.
Man of Mystery
IIAIFA—Abba Eban still re-
mains a man of mystery here. lie
has no personal following, no
group of devotees, no political ma-
chine which carries his torch. An
intellectual himself, he has not
succeeded in winning the loyalty
of Israel's academic or intellectual
classes. In electioneering he has
been cold. To voters he seemed
aloof, perched on a remote Olym-
pus. His polished rhetoric (he
speaks Hebrew as he speaks Eng-
lish) impressed the Israeli voters,
hut it did not warm them.
Ile is undoubtedly Israel's out-
standing and most convincing
spokesman. The story is told that
he once reproached Ben-Gurion,
whim the latter was Prime Minister,
for having ordered a certain mili-
tary reprisal action against the
Arabs, which was badly received
abroad. Ben-Gurion is said to have
re-plied that he too had his doubts
about the justification or necessity
for the action—"but when I read

your brilliant defense of Israers 1
action in the Security Council, I

became absolutely convinced of the
justice of our move."
An eloquent spokesman he cer-
tainly is. Is he a leader of men as
well? That question has not been
answered, but there is no doubt
1h --t large numbers of Israelis share
high regard in which he had
already been held by Jews overseas.

Zionists Mast .Shift Goals.
Goldman n Tells S. Africans

JOHANNESBURG (JTA) — Dr.
Nahum Goldmann, president of the
World Zionist Organizaton, told
the 30th biennial convention of the
South African Zionist Federation
that the next World Zionist Con-
gress must give up its attempt to
represent world Jewry in relation
to Israel and concentrate instead
in becoming an organization with
maximal aims of Zionist commit-
ment and aliya.

The convention was held in Jo-
hannesburg City Hall simultan-
; eously with the annual conference
of the South African Women's Zion-
ist Organization. Dr. Goldmann also
told the keynote session that South
Africa was "one of the few coun-
tries in the world where Zionists
are actually leading in the work for
Israel."

He said that in the United
States and other countries, non-
Zionist organizations did more
to help Israel than the Zionist
organizations, He also declared
that the Zionist movement had
failed in its goal of becoming the

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' representative body for world
Jewry to Israel.

"Israel does not accept us as the l
representatives of the Jewish
people, nor does the majority of
the Jewish people," he declared.
I Dr. Teddy Schneider, president
of the South African Jewish Board
of Deputies, said that South Afri-
can Jewry, which had exerted it-
self as never before to rally to Is-
rael's cause in the May-June crisis
and Six-Day War, was grateful for
the good will and sympathy of
South African non-Jews and for
"the understanding shown by the
government for our desire to help
Israel in its crisis."
Edel Horwitz, chairman of the
South African Zionist Federation,
said that South African Zionism
had, in the recent emergency,
achieved its finest hour. He ex-
pressed the federation's apprecia-
tion of the South African govern.
ment's "magnificent gesture of
sympathy and understanding in
giving us permission to transfer
funds raised in our emergency

campaign to Israel." National cur-
rency restrictions are in effect in
Sop
utrh Africa.
n
ann inaugurated the
new campaign for the United Com-
munal Fund, South African Jew-
ry's community chest for local Jew-
ish institutions. He spoke at a rally
in Cape Town and at a dinner
here. He suggested at both meet-
ings that the time had come when
South African Jewry must contrib-
ute much more to maintaining and
extending its local institutions.
Judge Israel Maisels, a form.
er president of the South African

Jewish Board of Deputies and
who is not a member of any Zion-
ist party, has been elected chair-
man of the Zionist Federation.
He succeeds Horwitz, who is
retiring from the chairmanship
after eight years.
The conference adopted a series

of policy resolutions hailing the
people and armed forces of Israel
and the reunification of Jerusalem;
deploring Soviet aid to Arab coun-
tries, aimed against Israel; record-
ing gratitude to the South African
government; and reaffirming the
solidarity of South African Jewry
with the people of Israel.

THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

10—Friday, September IS, 1967

Israel Philharmonic Makes $200,000 for Fund

(Diirect JTA Teletype Wire
to The Jewish News)

artists management and
the Jewish communities in the re-

Columbia

JERUSALEM—Last month's tour spective cities visited. The three
of major United States and Cana- concerts in New York, as well as
dian cities by the Israel Philhar- many of the others throughout the
monic Orchestra netted the United country, were sellouts. Critical
Jewish Appeal's Israel Emergency comment on the performances was
Fund almost $200,000, according to generally highly favorable. Colum.-
a report issued here Tuesday. bia Artists had underwritten the
The organization covered 19 tour as a public service, without
cities, including New York, Mon- fee.
treal and Los Angeles, and travel-
ed more than 20,000 miles in the
IF YOU TURN THE
course of its three-weeks of per-
formances. Guest conductors in-
cluded William Steinberg of the
UPSIDE DOWN YOU Water
Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra
FIND A FINER WINE THAN
and Eugene Ormandy of the Phila-
delphiaSymphony Orchestra.
Among the guest soloists were
Richard Tucker, Van Cliburn and
Jascha Ileifetz.
Milan Wineries. Detroit, Mich.
The tour sponsored jointly by

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