Sociologist Sees 'Survival Crisis'
Occurring Within Two Generations
(Direct JTA Telegraph Wire
to The Jewish News)
SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico—The
American Jewish community was
reported -here Wednesday as hav-
ing a high rate of acculturation—
acceptance of new culture traits—
but a very low rate of assimilation.
The report was presented by Dr.
Marshall Sklare, professor of so-
ciology at Yeshiva University, in
an address he delivered at the an-
nual convention of the Jewish
Funeral Directors of America at
the Americana Hotel here.
"There is no expectation that
widespread assimilation will take
place in the present generation,"
he said. Itowever,• he predicted
that American Jewry may face its
"survival ,crisis" within the next
two generations. The next genera-
tion of American Jews. he said,
would face greater difficulty in
conveying the "increasingly dif-
fuse Jewish heritage" to their
children The crisis may come at
that juncture, he said.
The form of the crisis. said
Dr. Sklare, would not be the
"vanishing" of most of Amer--
can Jewry but a "shaking out
process' in which some Jews
would remain Jews and the
others would assimiliate.
23,000 Nazis Said
to Remain at Large
could take place
in which the strongly committed
Jews would coalesce into a solid
core group and the less com-
mitted Jews—the "marginal" or
"peripheral" group—would lose a
certain percentage of its people.
The core group may then con-
sist of between 1- and 2,000,000
people, said Dr. Sklare. Those
people not involved in any reli-
A polarization
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
Open Vocational Center
CHICAGO (JTA)—A tour of th e '
NEW YORK—Somewhere about facilities and a reception high
Friday, December 9, 1966 7
-
57.300,000 Americans dine
out each week.
About
23,000 Nazi criminals are hiding out lighted an open house dedicating
from justice, the World Jewish the Devon Avenue Center of the
Congress reports in the light of Jew ish Vocational Service here
statistics published by the West j last week. The principal use of
German Central Agency for • the the center will be the training,
Prosecution of Nazi criminals at counseling and placement of older
Ludwigsburg.
Since World War II. the German
report states, proceedings have
been started against 61,761 per-
sons. The WJC claims that about
pious movements
most
in 85 , 000 Nazi criminals should be
danger
of losing their were
Jewish
iden-
tried, and thus about 23,000 are
tity.
still missing.
This secularist group, he con-
Of the 61.761. some 41.212
Untied, has no "organized educa- were acquitted by the end of 1964.
tional or institutional framework" Of the remaining number. 13.892
for its people. This group, which cases were still pending in 1965, 12
had been active in the Socialist persons were sentenced to death
and Yiddish culture movements, before this penalty was abolished
show the "poorest prognosis" for by law. 77 went to life imprison-
surivival, he said.
ment, 5,911 received shorter prison
In spite of this, the "deep de- sentences, 114 were fined and one
person
was put on probation when
sire" on the part of Jews to re-
t ain their identity must not be it was revealed that he had been a
t inderestimated, he said. The pre- juvenile at the time of the crime
dictions of a generation ago, which with which he was charged.
The German authorities report
s tressed the disintegration of the that they have been unable to lo-
Jewish community have been in Cate
cate 542 persons wanted in con-
nection with the present trials.
"American Jews are retaining These cases "could not be pur- '
bonds with the Jewish commun- sued because the suspect lived
ity," in spite of acculturation, he abroad or at an unknown address."
said
The report 'covers the findings
of a commission of 18 German'
legal experts established by the
German Lawyers Association to
study the problem of dealing with
Nazi crimes. Addressing 800 judges,
lawyers and legal experts at a
meeting of the Association, the or- '
ganization's president, Prof. Ernst
Friesenhahn, said some courts
CLEARANCE ON
showed "uncalled for leniency to-
wards Nazi criminals."
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Quoting from the Commission's
report, the Association's Presi-
dent said "One court held that
`The need to atone is after 20
years no longer as great as it
was. Time has mercifully drawn
a veil of forgetting over the suf-
ferings of the victims and the
tears of their families'."
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Other cases of leniency. Dr.
Friesenhahn continued. "produced
arguments like these: the accused
do not have to be deterred by
heavy sentences as they are unlike-
ly ever to get into a similar situa-
tion; the accused had been since
1945 a respectable member of so-
ciety; the accused had proved him
helf proficient in his profession; in
the accused's favor, it must be
taken into account that Germans
generally are inclined to trust au-
thority blindly; the danger of get-
ting involved in crimes had been
such that those who had never
lived under totalitarian rule must
find it inconceivable, and conse-
quently individual guilt had to be - 1
rated correspondingly lower. A
former high-ranking off i c i al
with several murders. was
let off lightly because he had re
garded his killings as reprisals ad-
missable under international law."
Dealing particularly with the cru-
cial question of "duress'' as a de-
fense, Prof. Friesenhahn pointed
out that "in spite of extensive re_
search by the Central Office at
Ludwigsburg, not a single case has
yet been traced where a member
either of the SS or police had suf-
fered serious harm as a result of j
a refusal to kill human beings."
Israeli Aircraft Firm to Send
$10,000,000 in Parts to U.S.
(Direct JTA Telegraph Wire
to The Jewish News)
TEL AVIV — Israel's Aircraft
Industries, a subsidiary of the de-
fense ministry, will export to a
United States firm 30,000,000
pounds ($10,000,000) worth of •
spare parts for aircraft.
At Schwimmer, director of the ,
Israeli firm, left for the United •
States to conclude negotiations on I
the transaction with the American
firm, described as one of the larg-
est in the United States. It was in-
dicated that the parts will he us-
able for both military and civilian
aircraft.
The average American house-
wife washes 340 tons of dishes in a
lifetime.
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