Vienna of Pre-Hitler !Days: Anti-Semitic
Trends Also Traced to Previous Period

Approximately 40 years ago,
Hugo Bettauer wrote a book "The
City Without Jews" which was a
prediction of things to come —
in Vienna. He was assassinated by
anti-Semites for his expose of the
Jew-baiting that was already in
evidence in Austria at that time.
Ilsa Barea, a native of Vienna
who worked during the last war
in the BBC Monitoring Service,
having settled in England with her
husband, the late Arturo Barea,
the famous Spanish writer, does
not deal with the theme of Vien-
ns._,.
,...a.14444- 6T,...-in the last 45
the tragic war
years, or
"Vienna," published
years, in
by
in this volume she deals
with "the legend and reality of an
urban civilization, from its begin-
nings as a frontier fortress to the
dissolution of the Hapsburg em-
pire." But there is enough anti-
Semitism recorded even in those
early years to indicate the hatred
that was directed at Jews.
Herself of Jewish extraction,
Mrs. Barea lists numerous epi-
sodes involving Jewish notables,
many of whom had abandoned
the Jewish faith — their relation-
ships with their neighbors, the
prejudices that were extant on
numerous occasions.
There are important refer-
ences to Sigmund Freud, to the
Austrian-Jewish Socialist leader
Dr. Victor Adler, to noted musi-
cians and to authors who were
affected by the bias that often
became very evident.
Works of many noted Jewish
writers, notably Arthur Schnitzler,
are analyzed, and there are intro-
duced the anti-Semites Karl Lue-
ger and Georg von Schoenerer.
The "court Jews" appear here
and the activities of the Wertheim-

steins and Hofmannstahls are in-
terestingly recorded.
Rather puzzling is the crediting
of an old and cruel joke about a
flunky who was called by his rich
master to throw out a petitioner,
with the cry "Chuck him out, he
breaks my heart !" is credited—
unduly, this reviewer believes—to
the Rothschilds.
the Josephine and Franz Wer-
theimstein salon, to the struggle
theistein salon, to the struggle
for recognition waged by Freud,
to the antagonisms and intrigues
that were involved in that pro-
cess.
Writing about Freud's struggle
for recognition, the author of "Vi-
enna" states: "The general impres-
sion is that the reason why Freud
had to wait for 12 years after his
appointment as university lecturer
(Pivatdozent) before he was made
professor extraordinarius, and then
by title only, was a mixture of anti-
Semitism and personal intrigue,
or, in other words, that the real
reason for the delay was a com-
bination of distrust of the revolu-
tionary thinker and dislike of the
Jew."
Hitler had drawn much upon the
writings of Karl Lueger, yet, Mrs.
Barea states that " 'handsome
Karl,' der schoene Karl, . . . first-

Claim. Federal Funds
Misused in Aiding
Parochial Schools

rate orator, prudent and yet bold
administrator . . , was no fanatic.
He, who exploited anti-Semitism
and enlisted the support of the
clergy, was neither a convinced
anti-Semite not a particularly de-
vout Catholic." But she does add:
"With all his personal integrity
in financial and administrative
matters, he was unscrupulous: he
had no principles at all, except his
love for Vienna, which is a feeling
and not a principle, and his deter-
mination to stay in power . . . "
Lueger was mayor of Vienna from
1897 until his death in 1910.
They were not all haters: there
were some friendly elements to
Jews among the Viennese. Princess
Pauline Metternich-Sandor, was
"patroness of countless welfare
campaigns, organizer of brilliant
pageants, and called 'Notre Dame
de Zion' because of her predi-
lection for Jewish journalists and
bankers . . . "
The analyses of Schnitzler's
novels throw light on the eminent
author's Jewish attitudes, his han-
dling of his characters, his treat-
ment of anti-Semitism.
Mrs. Barea's "Vienna" throws
much light on Austrian history and
on the position of the Austrian
Jews before Hitler. Now the Aus-
trian Jewish community is a skel-
eton of its old self, giving truth to
the Bettauer prediction. It is the
Vienna of our own time that should
provide an excellent subject for
another Barea book.

emais
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