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June 24, 1966 - Image 2

Resource type:
Text
Publication:
The Detroit Jewish News, 1966-06-24

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Purely Commentary

Chief Justice Warren Quotes Maimonides and Halakha

Chief Justice Earl Warren of the U.S. Supreme Court emerges not
only as a great jurist but equally as well as a scholar and as a student
of cultural and spiritual values relating to his judicial duties.
He proved it in his decision in the case of Miranda vs. Arizona
et al, which has caused such a stir and such wide division of opinion
among lawyers, judges and legislators.
In his emphasis on establishing the principle against self-incrimina-
tion, in his 60-page decision, he quoted many authorities, including the
late Mr. Justice Louis D. Brandeis, and the Old and New Testaments.
In one of his footnotes, he made reference to the following:
Thirteenth century commentators found an analogue to the
privilege grounded in the Bible. "To sum up the matter, the prin-
ciple that no man is to be declared guilty on his own admission is a
divine decree." Maimonides, Mishneh Torah (Code of Jewish Law),
Book of Judges, Laws of the Sanhedrin, c. 18, paragraph 6, 3 Yale
Judaica Series 52-53. See also Lamm, The Fifth Amendment in
the Halakha, 5 Judaism 53 (Winter 1956).
Not many jurists go so deeply into vital subjects in their research
into historic backgrounds. Chief Justice Warren did. He is the man of
courage and scholarship. It is no wonder that he has enemies as well as
friends—and it is no wonder that the former are in such a minute
minority.

Multilinguism . . . Student,
Faculty Revolt . . . Warren's
Research Into Jewish Lore

By Philip
alomovitz

Nations Relief and Works Agency here to news that the United
States had - asked the world organization to halt aid to Palestine
refugees serving in the Palestine Liberation Army in Syria and
in the Gaza Strip, which is administered by the United Arab
Republic.
The only official reaction came from John Reddaway, deputy
commissioner general, who said, "We are discussing the problem
with the two host governments concerned (Syria and the United
Arab Republic) and hope to find a satisfactory solution."
Behind Mr. Reddaway's comment was the position taken by
the two governments that the names and number of young men
training in the Palestine Liberation Army could not be divulged
for reasons of security. Consequently, the Relief and Works Agency
has no way of identifying the refugees in the army.
What is more, the problem of rectifying ration rolls has been
impeded by the fact that effective investigation- of income levels
and even of death has been impossible without the help of the
host countries.
Jordan, which has the greatest number of refugees, has been
especially uncooperative. The Jordanian Government has avoided
any moves that might be unpopular with the refugees.
Rations are issued to any members of a family who present
ration cards for the family. In some places distribution takes place
once a month, in others twice a month.
Neither Jordan nor Lebanon, the fourth country that is host
to refugees from the part of Palestine that is now Israel, permits
the training or formation of the Liberation Army. However,
refugees in Jordan, who are regarded as Jordanian citizens, do
serve in the Jordanian national army.
Whether military trainees meet the ration-roll requirement
of need and whether the United Nations Charter permits a United
Nations agency to aid members of armed forces are questions that
have remained academic thus far. The reason is that the Relief
and Works Agency has no means of knowing who is in military
service.
It is known, however, that young Palestinians doing military
service in the Gaza Strip receive the equivalent of $9.20 a month
plus some benefits in the form of food and clothing and in some
cases housing. The maximum income that a refugee family can
have and still receive rations under agency rules is $34.50.
The implicit threat behind the new United States representa-
tions to the United Nations is a further reduction in the United
States contribution to the budget of the Relief and Works Agency.
Laurence Michelmore, he commissioner general, has only just
succeeded in balancing this year's $38.4-million budget by obtain-
ing extra pledges from about a dozen countries.
One reason for the budgetary difficulties is that the United
States, which has financed about 75 per cent of the budget, has
reduced its annual contribution from $24.7-million to $22.9-million
while. expenditures have increased.
The number of young Palestinians in military training in Syria
has been estimated at 4,000 to 6,000 and in the Gaza Strip at
8,000 to 9,000, while the number of ration-drawing refugees in
Syria is 96,000 and in the Gaza Strip 240,000.
The basic facts, which were never secretive, now are being made
known. We have published them time and time again, especially after
consulting State Department officials. But it .took an avalanche of in-
sults upon this country from Nasser, the threat to fight against us and
with the Vietcong by the PLO, to compel general acknowledgement that
fraudulent conditions have been imposed upon us.
Is it any wonder that Israel finally has received a modicum
of military aid from this country?
The Arabs are split asunder. Nasser's newest outburst indicates a
bad mood—and his mood could get worse if he were deprived of the
generous aid he receives from this country. Aleksey Kosygin may have
proven to us, as a result of his rejection of most of Nasser's requests
for added assistance, during their joint meeting last month in Cairo,
that the Soviet threat is not as great in the Middle East as had been
indicated. Will the State Department and the White House, now, call
NasSer's bluff?
*
*
**

CJFWF Views
Major Issues

Forty-three communities have al-
ready equalled or surpassed 1965
Jewish welfare fund campaign
totals. The completed campaigns
indicate final results for the United
States and Canada of $5,000,000
over 1965, it was reported at the
board of directors meeting of the
Council of Jewish Federations and
Welfare Funds in New York.
The board took a wide-ranging,
comprehensive look at issues fac-
ing North American Jewry. Among
other topics discussed were the per-
sonnel crises in Jewish communal
services, the proposed study of
Jewish life in the United States
and Canada by the Council, federa-
tion planning to improve Jewish
education, national cooperation in
Jewish community relations, wo-
men's communal service, pending
* * *
legislation before Congress that
America's Cultural Multiplicity
will affect federations, overseas
To gain attention and to win votes, Nelson Rockefeller ate knishes
services, and young leadership de-
on the East Side of New York, when he first ran for the governorship
velopment.
of New York.
The federal government must
Many a non-Jew has learned to say le-hayim at Bar Mitzvahs and
take a more vigorous role in sup-
porting programs to recruit and
weddings, and politicians have become especially adept at it.
Mayor Jerome Cavanagh has learned a number of Yiddishisms
train social workers, the board de-
clared. There are thousands of va-
and has used them. G. Mennen Williams greeted the Israel Bond
gathering here a couple of weeks ago with shalom haveirim.
cancies in communal service
throughout the country. The board
Senator Robert Kennedy learned some phrases in Afrikaan
endorsed the legislation recently
dialect while he was in South Africa, and President Johnson
greeted King Faisal of Saudi Arabia with "Ahlan wa salam"—
introduced by Congressman Wilbur
Arabic for "welcome."
Mills and Senator Abraham Ribi-
It all works in politics. It also serves as a symbol of non-prejudice
coff to provide federal funds to
increase the graduate school facul-
in acknowledging the cultural and linguistic multiplicity of the
ties and facilities.
American folk and of our folkways. God bless America!
*
*
Stanley C. Myers of Miami in-
formed the board that there is a
Fraudulence and Militancy: Arab Agitators Add
growing number of social work stu-
Fuel to Middle East Fires, Harm the 'Refugees'
dents but more need to be drawn
Mismanagements and fraudulent activities among Arab refugees
into Jewish communal service. The
have existed for a number of years, but it took the threats of Ahmed
CJFWF is cooperating with the
Shukairy, the leader of the so-called "Palestine Liberation Organization"
schools and communities to ar-
and its "Palestine Liberation Army" to bring to light the extent of
range for mans more to take their
the fraudulent practices.
field training in Jewish federations.
For a number of years, at State Department briefing sessions in
Experience has shown that these
Washington—including the last one held in April of this year—State
students remain in Jewish service
Department officials conceded to this correspondent that large numbers
after graduation.
of ration cards of Arab refugees who are no longer among the living
The CJFWF is stepping up its
are being used by merchants who have bought up the cards. They
scholarship programs to help stu-
conceded that the refugee rolls are padded and they regretted that
dents prepare for Jewish commu-
there was little they could do about it. (That is why we are impelled
nal service. Seventeen students
to use quotes around the term refugees).
were awarded grants from the
But the threats of Shukairy to have his PLO warriors fight on
Council's National Scholarship
the side of the Vietcong has forced the issue to the front. Now it has
Fund. They will take their training
developed that about 12,000 of the PLO heroes — who certainly are
in 15 cities.
not inspiring fear are among those who are being fed and financed
Mandell Berman of Detroit,
by the large sums supplied by our government through the 70 per cent
chairman of the new committee
of all the refugee funds we provide; that as many as 400,000 names
on federation planning for Jew-
appear without justification in the padded refugee rolls; that there
ish education, pointed to the
has been suppression of facts regarding the exaggerated "refugee"
tremendous shortage of qualified
situation and that if truth had prevailed and the number of Arabs
teachers in Jewish schools, and
who fled from Israel had not been multipled so often, there might
to the serious shortcomings in
have been a better chance for peace and for elimination of the East-
enrollment beyond the elemen-
West fears that have emanated from that area.
tary level.
It has become known this week, in a report from Cairo, that
Jewish schools with 'weekday
thousands of Arab "refugees" who claim to have hailed from pre-
classes will need 800 new teachers
Israel Palestine were trained for military actions in the Gaza
this year. But there are only 11
strip while on the payroll of the United Nations. Is it possible The Student Faculty Revolt
Ambassador Arthur J. Goldberg, chief U.S. delegate to the United accredited teacher training schools
that even the United Nations Emergency Force — the UNEF
that has been hailed as such a vital instrument for peace — has Nations, proved his liberality when he urged during his appearance in only seven cities, and they are
at Brandeis University last week, that a student who was prevented graduating no more than 130 teach-
been misused for Arab anti-Israeli military purposes?
Quoting "Western diplomats," a cabled report to the New York from distributing literature in protest against Goldberg's receiving an ers. More than 90 per cent of chil‹;
Times stated:
honorary degree should have the pamphlets returned to him and the dren in Jewish schools abruptly !,
stop their education at junior high
They said many members of the Palestine Liberation Army right granted to do pamphleteering.
In his commencement address at Brandeis University, Ambassador school age, he said.
were not full-time soldiers but civilians who get part-time or short-
Goldberg warned against shouting contests and encouraged "a dialogue
term militia training.
In many cases, their regular jobs, one Western diplomat close from which tomorrow's new decisions will emerge," and he emphasized Author Writing History
to United Nations operations reported, are as truck drivers, cooks that "when the citizens speak, the government must listen; when, in
or ordinary laborers for the United Nations Emergency Force their turn, government officials speak, the citizens must listen:" This of the Jewish Legion
that patrols the armistice line between the United Arab Republic is logical. Our chief spokesman at the UN also was firm in welcoming
NEW YORK (JTA)—Elias Gil-
"the freedom of expression that is being manifested by students in ner, author, playwright and past
and Israel.
It is "inconsistent, to put it mildly," this diplomat added, for the colleges and universities."
national commander of the vet-
NeverthelesS, there have been demonstrations that have empha- erans of the Jewish Legion, an-
a United Nations agency with the job of keeping peace to allow
its employes to receive military training in an organization with sized the dissatisfactions among members of university faculties and nounced that he is writing a com-
the avowed aim of fighting against a country recognized by the students. At the Brandeis University commencement exercises : 165 prehensive history of the Jewish
graduating students and 65 faculty members wore white ribbons on Legion in World War I, including
United Nations.
Because King Hussein of Jordan has spoken in repudiation of the their black academic robes in protest against the honorary degree that the Zion Mule Corps.
Palestine Liberation Organization and its PLO, it is worth looking also was given Ambassador Goldberg. Less than a week earlier, at the
Gilner, who lives in the Bronx,
into the matter of the Jordanian position. Hussein undoubtedly has commencement exercises of New York University, 130 graduate stu- is collecting material on the for-
acted under pressure from Abdel Gamal Nasser, who attacked the dents walked out in protest against an honorary degree for Secretary mative and active periods of the
Jordanian monarch again last week. Hussein knows that if not for of Defense Robert S. McNamara, and Mr. Goldberg, who then also Legion—the years 1915 through
Israel, which stands between him and Egypt and which would never was the speaker, branded the action as "completely destructive of 1920 in the U.S., Canada, England,
permit an Egyptian invasion of its neighbor's territory, Nasser would democracy, as we learned during the terrible Nazi period, when peace- Palestine and Argentina. Bro-
long ago have taken control of his country. Nasser wants lots of terri- ful and orderly meetings should be disrupted and broken up."
chures, articles, leaflets, clippings,
There were demonstrations at Columbia University, at schools in photographs, cartoons, letters and
tory. He craves the oil of Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. He'd like to
possess Yemen but can't — and now fears to bring back the 60,000 our own areas, and the faculty-student revolts against the government songs of a historic nature in Eng-
policies in Vietnam certainly have created serious problems aca- lish, Yiddish and Hebrew are of
Egyptian soldiers from Yemen: they might revolt against him.
Yet, there is cause for suspecting Hussein. He constantly emits demically. But they have indicated that Americans will insist upon interest to him.
threats against Israel, although he knows that it is better for him expressing their views freely; and there is proof that the demonstra-
that there is an Israel. But we do not trust his latest utterances which tions are bringing results.
and undoubtedly it will — lead
Thus, in his address at Yeshiva University, upon receiving an towards continued frank discus-
were made under pressure of the expose of the PLO and the pilfering
honorary
doctorate,
Senate
Majority
Leader
Mike
Mansfield
called
for
of UN funds under false pretenses. For proof, note the following
sions of all the issues involved
report to the New York Times from Beirut by its correspondent, a peace conference between the U.S. and Communist China "at the and towards more earnest efforts
highest practical level." This is how solutions are sought during to achieve peace. It is regrettable
Thomas F. Brady:
"When you can't always eliminate dead men from refugee serious government crises.
that men like Goldberg, McNa-
People of all faiths, all races, all nationality backgrounds have mara and others should find them-
ration rolls, how can you keep track of young men undergoing
become involved in the critical situation created by the Vietnam crisis. selves molested at public functions,
military training who frequently come home at night to sleep?"
This was the unofficial reaction of administrators of the United Rabbis and priests have expressed their views on both sides of the but that's the price that must be
issue, and the more outspoken are those who disapprove of the govern- paid for sharing in the responsi-
2 Friday, June 24, 1966
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS ment's current policies. The right to freedom of expression should — bilities of assuming public duties.

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