Horowitz's 'Three Worlds of Development'
Defines U.S. Egalitarian Transformations

s

In "Three Worlds of Develop-
ment," published by Oxford Uni-
versity Press (417 5th, NY16), Irv-
ing Louis Horowitz, sociology pro-
fessor at Washington University,
St. Louis, deals with "the theory
and practice of international strati-
fication."
"Interaction and interpenetra-
tion of the three main sources of
economic, political and social pow-
er in the world" described in this
work touch upon World War I of
the U.S. and its Western Allies,
World War II of the Soviet Union
and its Eastern Bloc Allies and the
Third World of non-aligned nations.
Of interest in the preface is
Dr. Horowitz's explanatory note:
"This book is neither an appeal
to the wealthy nations to spread
their goods, nor is it an apocry-
phal statement of the dire con-
sequences awaiting an absence of
such sharing. I have enough con-
fidence in the blind pursuits of
self-interest to discount most
evaluative claims of superiority.
On the other hand, the book is
written with a confidence that
self-interest can be so defined
as to make room for broader
social interests. The men of the
Enlightenment . anticipated . by
some 50 years the French Revo-
lution of social and economic de-
velopment. And if their appeals
to the benevolence of the mon-
archs and princes of the time
fell on deaf ears, their parellel
appeals to a revolution in -econ-
omy and morality that would
entail the maximum use of rea-
son and passion became the com-
mon currency of the Revolution.
The same situation seems to be
repeating itself today . . . "
Factors defining the three worlds
are analyzed in this work, and
Prof. Horowitz points out: "As
Third World nations are driven by
the power struggle between the
First and -- SeCond Worlds, they
have to adopt such postures that
enhance - their own 'freedom of
movement.' There is no one set of
premises which can encompass this
whole portion of the world. Perhaps
the surest guide to the existence of
a Third World view is. its own per-
ceived interest as a bloc, despite
an exasperating range of varia-
tion.."
Discussing c u l t u r- a 1 lags and
utopian longings as part of the
mental set of developing man,
touching upon the endlessly repeat-
ing "resisting innovation in the
name of maintaining social order,"
Dr. Horowitz writes:
"Sometimes such resistance is
individualistic, as in the ease of
aristocratic intellectuals, some-
times collectivistic, as in the case
of whole agricultural settlements
moving from one nation to an-
other, such as the Kurdish Jews'
migration to Israel . . . "
In the course of nis discussion
of developments in the First World
of the United States, he writes:
"The egalitarian spirit of the
United States has undergone a
transformation. The orientation
toward achievement still re-
mains, only it is now in uneasy
balance with ascribed values.
Thus there remains enormous
upward striving among Jews but
with intense attachment to Jew-.
ish identity. Similarly there is an
increase in striving among Ne-
groes but with developing at-
tachment to the virtues of Negri-
tude. The Protestant Establish.
ment, for its part, has remained
firmly intact. It has consolidated
itself around the banking and
financial interests of the coun-
try. And the existence of Cath-
olic separatism has been well
documented in all areas and
walks of life. Within the frame-
work of the United States there
is taking place a crystalization of
three religious power groups
focused on different spheres of
activity. Broadly, one might say
that the Roman Catholics have a
higher than average involvement
in the political arena; the Jews
have a concentrated leadership
in the academic and intellectual

areas; and the Protestants have
become the administrators of the
general economy and the big or-
ganizations of the nation • . . "
Then there is a reference to the
pseudo-competitive parties among
Arab nations, and the author states
ostensible 'competition' from other
that this is by no means limited to
the Africans, that: "The Mapai,
ruling party in Israel,' has main-
tained an unbroken rule, despite
parties. More recently, the Mapai
has withstood the onslaught of its
oWn charismatic founder — David
Ben-Gurion. He was only able to
muster small support against an
`organization' candidate . . "
Dr. Horowitz's analysis leads to a
fuller understanding of current
conditions and of international
stratification.

Penn Biography
Relates Story of
U.S. Pioneering

Early American personalities
provide material for study of the
history of our country and for acq-
uaintance with historic events of
the past and the great men who
were among the makers of our
republic.
An important story of such a
great personality has been written
by Ronald Syme, whose "William
Penn: Founder of Pennsylvania,'
was published by William Mor-
row & Co. (425 Park, S. NY16)
Written for children, beautifully_
illustrated by William Stobbs, it
will assist the elders in re-learning
Colonial history together with their
offsprings.
Penn was reared in seamanship,
and later had become a leader in
the Quaker society. The turmoil of
British life under Cromwell, the
succeeding years, his settlement in
America—he was given a land
grant by King Charles in 1680—
for the purpose of founding a
Quaker group, commenced a new
chapter which led to his founding
of the Pennsylvania territory.
Penn's idea was to call the area
New Wales or Sylvania, "but
Charles insisted it should be
Pennsylvania."
• The event that ensued, the strug-
gles, the determined . will of the
founder of the colony, the setting
aside of a spot to be known as
Philadelphia, are part of this very
rich description of an interesting
man's life and the activities in
which he was engaged.
"Penn himself probably invented
the name Philadelphia for his
city," Syme writes. It was compos-
ed of the Greek words philos and
adelphos meaning love and broth-
er.
The area was expanded, peace
was made with the Delaware Ind-
ians, there were serious financial
difficulties, the trials and trib-
ulations were serious.
It was left to Penn's wife, Han-
nah to save Pennsylvania for the
Penn family "and the colony re-
mained under a Penn government
until the American Revolution."
Until his death in 1775, her son
Thomas remained the real ruler
of Pennsylvania.
It is an interesting story about
one of the early American colonies
and is part of the pioneering hist-
ory of America.

`New Teeth' Urgedin Law Affecting British Racists

LONDON (JTA) — A Labor
Member of Parliament declared
in the House of Commons that the
fact that-there had been no per-
secutions for publication of incit-
ing material under the Race Re-
lations Act proved that the law
"needs new teeth to deal with this
matter."
The assertion was made by Paul
Rose after he asked Attorney
General Sir Elwyn Jones how many
cases he had received about ma-
terial alleged to contain incite-
ment as defined in the Act and
in how many cases proceedings
had been started. Sir Elwyn re-
plied that he had received 14 such
cases since the Act went into
effect in December, 1965 but that
"in no case have proceedings been
instituted." He added inquiries in

Policemen Perform
Franz Kafka's 'The Trial'

to one of the cases was still con-
tinuing.
Under more questioning, Sir El-
wyn said he was aware that "scur-
rilous material" was being circu-
lated in Britain but that he had
concluded such material did not
infringe the .Race Relations Act
or the criminal law. The Labor

bench cheered a statement from
Quentin Hogg, Home Secretary of
the shadow cabinet, that "the de-
liberate act of arson of places of
worship is a serious offense." He
added that "much of the disquiet
would be removed if there were
exemplary sentences imposed."
Sir Elwyn replied that the maxi-
mum sentence was life imprison-
ment and that he believed the
British judges were aware of the
gravity of the matter.

Brandeis Gets Complete
Israeli Stamp Collection

WALTHAM, Mass. -- A com-
plete collection of Israeli stamps
donated to Brandeis University
by Boston architect Leo L. Shein-
feld was dedicated during cere-
monies at the campus, May 22.
The collection, assembled by
Sheinfeld, represents all of the
stamps issued by Israel since it
became a nation 18 years ago. It
is now on display at Brandeis'
Rapaporte Treasure Hall.

NEW YORK—A cast of police-
men performed Andre Gide's play
based on the Franz Kafka novel,
"The Trial," last Friday night. It
was presented under the auspices
of the College of Police Science of
City University.
Students at the academy who had
roles in the play ranged from
rookies to a police captain, all
packing a revolver.
Kafka, the famous Jewish
writer, wrote the novel in Prague
in 1914. It is the story of a name-
less office worker accused of, and
finally executed for, a crime he
knew nothing about.

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Truman Aide in Israel
to Discuss HST's Visit

(Direct JTA Teletype Wire
to The Jewish News)

JERUSALEM — David Noyes, a
personal representative of former
President Harry S Truman, met
here Tuesday with President Sha-
zar, Prime Minister Levi Eshkol
and Jerusalem Mayor Theodore
Kollek to discuss plans for a pro-
jected visit here by Truman in
July.
Truman's expected visit is in
connection with ceremonies
launching the university's center
for the advancement of peace
named for the former president.

THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

Friday, May 27, 1966-13

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