`Holocaust, Ilebirth-Bergen-Belsen 1945-1965'
Published on 20th Anniversary of Freedom

Bergen-Belsen has been de-
scribed as one of the worst of the
Nazi horror camps. Its liberation
20 years ago marked the end of a
period of degradation during which
50,000 Jews perished during their
subjection to German cruelties as
inmates of the concentration camp
and 13,000 more died from malnu-
trition and disease after the defeat
of the Nazi armies.
The memory of that concentra-
tion camp is being kept alive by
the World Federation of Bergen
Belsen survivors whose president,
Josef Rosensaft, who, after the
end of the holocaust, was one of

DR. JACOB ROBINSON

the chief pleaders for aid to the
displaced persons , who remained
in European camps until their re-
settlement in Israel and elsewhere.
Norbert Wollheim is vice presi-
dent of the Bergen-Belsen associa-
tion, Carl Katz is treasurer and
Sam E. Bloch is secretary-general.
The record of the Bergen
Belsen sufferings, an account of
the Nazi crimes, Is given in a
very impressive and stirring
volume, "Holocaust and Rebirth
—Bergen-Belsen 1945-
1965," which was edited by
Bloch. It was issued by the Ber-
gen-Belsen Organization of sur-
vivors. Rosensaft wrote the in-
troduction. There is an impres-
sive foreword by Dr. Jacob
Robinson.
The large volume contains hun-
dreds of photographs that serve as
continuing testimony exposing the
Nazi crimes. The honors of the ex-
termination camp stare at the
reader on every page, and, con-
trary to overwhelming German op-
inion today and to some misled
viewpoints by Israelis and others,
it is evidence vitally needed to
make certain that the crime re-
mains in mankind's memory.
Dr. Robinson refers to the book
as an album and his foreword
speaks of the infamy of Bergen-
Belsen. He states in tribute to the
volume and to the intensions of the
organizations that published it:
"Its pages reveal the process-
es of physical reconstruction and
psychological renascence mani-
fested by both individuals and
groups in that human entity
which had come into being
against its will and then pur-
posedly molded itself into a re-
sponsible social aggregate. The
incisive question of the Prophet
Ezekiel, 'Will these bones live
again?' was given here an un-
equivocally positive answer: out
of a heap of almost lifeless
bones arose a Jewish commu-
ity, the helpless victims of the
rule of terror became the car-
riers of a renewed Jewish life.
In the period following the Cat-
astrophe, this group applied it-
self to all the problems connect-
ed with the revitalization of
those dry bones, including the
sty uggle for the Jewish • State in
which this group, together with
many others from among the
last remnants of the Diaspora,
was destined to become one of
the significant factors.
"The uniqueness of the Ber-
gen-Belsen group lies in the
preservation and continuation to
this day of the consciousness of
its identity. We are witness to a
new version of the proverbial

old school tie, the dPstanee be-
An article by Joseph Gar, re-
tween the graduates of the Volo- search director of YIVO, is a de-
zhin and the graduates of the scription of the Bergen-Belsen
Bergen-Belsen camp is very camp, of its inmates, their origin,
great indeed, but their indwell- the treatment accorded them. It
ing quality is identical. The ex- is part of the record of "the huge
istence of the World Federation blood balance of our six million
of the Survivors of Bergen-Bel- martyrs."
sen, with its members dispersed
A reproduction of the billboard
all over the world, although at the camp after liberation reads:
most of them live today either
"This is the site of the infamous
in Israel or in the United States,
signifies the three-fold symbol: Belsen Concentration Camp, lib-
the remembrance of the past, erated by the British on 15 April
the reality of the present, and 1945. 10,000 unburied dead were
the ideals of the future. May found here. Another 13,000 have
many more follow in their foot- since died. All of them victims of
steps in the larger community of the German New Order in Europe.
And an example of Nazi Kultur."
Israel."
The photographs speak volumes,
This is a tribute that is deserv-
ing and that needs to be aided. It is and one section with the illustrated
strongly inspired by the contents tale of horror—all cutlines in the
of the volume "Holocaust and Re- three languages — is headed:
birth". It is a remarkable work "These are your murderers, Is-
because it depicts three stages in rael."
the lives of the survivors from the
The rays of hope are flashed on
horror camp: the experiences dur- the title page of the section "First
ing the catastrophic years of the Steps in freedom."
Holocaust, the years that followed
Then comes a section entitled
when there was such great need "Bergen - Belsen Concentra-
for rebirth, and the present status tion Camp Goes Up in Flames."
of the redeemed in Israel, in this
"The Rebirth" is a tribute to the
country and elsewhere.
brave who defied death, who clung
Appropriately, all the articles, to life, who commenced the era of
the complete texts, are in three reconstruction and the return to
languages—in Hebrew, Yiddish dignity.
and in English translations. They
There are reflections and ob-
are well edited, and the selection servations by a score of noted
of the material serves the purpose Jews in Israel, in this country and
intended, as stated by Rosensaft
in his historical review of the in Britain.
"Holocaust and Rebirth — Ber-
Bergen-Belsen experiences and in gen-Belsen 1945-1965" is history
his references to the photographs combined with the accusing finger
in this book:
of the survivors at the mass mur-
"Let the meaning of these derers who attempted to destroy
photographs of a people in tra- an entire people and failed. The
vail be made clear, their history
World Federation of Bergen-Bel-
an object lesson of remem- sen Survivors is to be commended
brance. Perhaps then we can for issuing this book on the 20th
hope that the holocaust photo- anniversary of the liberation.
graphs are the the last of their
—P.S.
kind: that never again will such
evil be visited upon man . . . "
There a r e reproductions of
newspaper stories which serve as
reminders of the first news ac-
counts of the holocaust. Biblio-
graphic lists assist the reader in
pursuing research when needed re-
garding the brutal events and the
history of German inhumanities.

Rhodes Community Downto 30 From Prewar 4,000

RHODES, Greece (JTA) — The
Jews of Rhodes, who totaled 4,000
before the German bombardment
and invasion of the island, now
number 30, tourists have reported
after attending services at the one
remaining synagogue.
The synagogue was rebuilt in
1960, almost 20 years after it was
partially destroyed in air raids.
All 4,000 Jews were shipped to the

Auschwitz death camp and only 10
survived, who ultimately returned
to Rhodes.
The 30 Jews of the present in-
clude several families who came
here from the Greek mainland. The
community has no rabbi and holds
services irregularly, usually on
major holy days. Contributions
from tourists help to support the
synagogue.

IF YOU TURN THE

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New Israeli, Arab Nurses

AFULA — Seventy-five young
women were recently awarded
their graduate nurse diplomas at
a ceremony held in the Jezreel
Valley Central Hospital in Aftica.
The nurses represent the com-
bined graduating class of seven
Kupat Holim nursing colleges
which conduct the rigorous three-
year courses.
A special two-year course for
Arab practical nurses was also
completed at the Beilinson Hospital
in Petah-Tikvah. Hospital author-
ities report that all the graduates
have been placed in Kupat Holim
clinics located in Arab villages.

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Friday, December 10, 1965-9

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