Noted Authors Speak
at Sessions Here . . .
Detailed List of Pro-
grams, Page 12.
Annual Book Fair Starts Saturday Night
No Home
Without a
Library
HE JEWISH NEWS
Schools for Whom?
CAE= TR
German Stage
OIT
A Weekly Review
Editorials
Page 4
MIC HIGgNI
Printed in a
100% Union Shop
of JewiSh Events
17100 W. 7 Mile Rd., Detroit 48235—VE 8-9364—Nov. 12, 1965
Clergy's Role
and Public
Responsibility
Michigan's Only English-Jewish Newspaper — Incorporating The Detroit Jewish Chronicle
VOLUME XLVI I I—NO. 12
Politics
and Religion:
Commentary
Page 2
$6.00 Per Year; This Issue 20c
Eshkol Eyes End to Military Rule
for Border Arabs; Plans Coalition
Germany 'Defers'
Indemnification
BONN (JTA) —
Finance Minister Rolf
Dahlgruen announced that payments totaling
200,000,000 marks ($50,000,000) due to have
been made this year to Nazi victims who were
not able to file applications for restitution
prior to Oct. 1, 1953, will be "deferred" for
one year.
He emphasized that the payments, ulti-
mately scheduled to total 1,200,000,000 marks
($300,000,000) were "not being cut but being
merely deferred" due to . an overburdened
budget.
The $50,000,000 payment was to have
been a first installment on the total $300,-
000,000 restitution due to those who could
not file claims before the 1953 deadline,
because of their inability to escape earlier
from countries behind the Iron Curtain.
Dahlgruen said it was possible that some
payments might be made to these victims of
Nazism "in very urgent cases."
(Continued on Page 5)
Jesuit Organ Ifit3
as 'Fraud' Final Try
to Kin Declaration
NEW YORK (JTA)—Under the head-
ing "Skullduggery," the Jesuit weekly
America, in its current issue, denounces
editorially as "a last-minute dirty trick"
and a "fraud" the efforts made by some
Catholic circles to influence the prelates
at the Ecumenical Council to vote down
the church declaration which was finally
adopted and promulgated, absolving the
Jews of the charge of killing Jesus and
deploring anti-Semitism.
According to America, copies of a
"crudely written pamphlet appeared mys-
teriously in St. Peter's Basilica" on the
day the final vote had been scheduled on
the declaration. The pamphlet :sailed on the
prelates not to vote for the .-leclaration
"because it would betray Christianity to
the Jews."
The Jesuit weekly reports, however,
that at least a half-dozen of the purported
signatories to that appeal had not given
permission for the use of their names. "To
complete the travesty," states America, "it
has now been discovered that three of the
Italian organizations on the list do not
even exist." (Related story, page 40.)
JERUSALEM (JTA) — Prime Minister Levi Eshkol indi-
cated the possibility here Sunday of further far-reaching
relaxation of military - government in Israel's Arab-populated
border areas.
In a statement to the press here, Eshkol said it was even
possible that military government might be abolished entirely
in those areas.
Eshkol Tuesday invited the Mapam Party to enter the
coalition for the new government he is planning. Mapam, ac-
cording to the still incomplete tallies of the balloting, seems
to have won eight seats in the next Knesset, while the Mapai-
Ahdut Avodah alignment got a probable 44 seats and a possible
45 places.
Eshkol made his offer to Mapam at a meeting here with
two of that party's leaders, Meir Yeari and Yaacov Hazan.
The Mapam chiefs told Eshkol they would discuss the offer
with their organization's executive bodies after which they
will meet with the premier again:
Meanwhile, Eshkol indicated he would welcome the return
to the Mapai ranks of some of the dissidents who broke away
from Mapai to join Rafi, the Israel Workers List formed by
former Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion. In an address at Tel
Aviv, Eshkol said he believed that "an errant minority" had
became "involved in this adventure for various reasons, but
they would return to the family."
(In a statement by Eshkol published in the Nov. 4 issue of
Davar, organ of Histadrut, Israel's Federation of Labor, Esh-
kol emphasized that the results of the elections proved that the
public in Israel considers the "Lavon Affair" and its aftermath
(Continued on Page 3)
Harlem Street Corner on Mediterraneasir
By MILTON FRIEDMAN
(Copyright, 1965, JTA, Inc.)
WASHINGTON — In the shadow of Tel Aviv's
luxurious tourist hotels, U.S. welfare experts have
found an Israeli innovation — street corner gangs
of juvenile delinquents.
The teen agers, mostly of North African back-
ground, have created a problem so serious that the
Israeli government welcomes a U.S. welfare ad-
2-ministration study. The study suggested need for
new concepts in dealing with delinquent juveniles
•in both Israel and the United States.
One finding is that the United States may be
able to gain insights into a vexing American dilem-
•ma. American welfare authorities may learn more
about the plague of juvenile delinquency by ob-
serving the developing pattern in the totally new
society of Israel.
Although delinquency is just emerging
in Israel, striking similarities were noted be-
tween Tel Aviv and New York street gangs,
accordina to Dr. Ellen Winston, U.S. commis-
sioner of b welfare.
• If a way can be found to prevent further de-
terioration in Tel Aviv, the United States may ob-
tain valuable clues to help reverse the older,
delinquency trends in America.
Israel sought to create an ideal human com-
munity. Love and dignity were accorded to indi-
viduals, regardless of background or status. Never-
theless, some of the worst aspects of Harlem and
the East Side are emerging among teen agers in
•Tel Aviv slums. Israeli authorities are eager to
analyze and confront this situation. American ex-
perts are hopeful that mutual benefits can be de-
rived from cooperative research.
The project director is Aryeh Leissner. He is
an Israeli who studied social work at Columbia
University. He worked for years in New York on
the Lower East Side and. in Harlem with Puerto
Rican fighting gangs and other delinquent groups
of teen agers. This equipped Leissner to compa•e
the delinquency patterns of New York and TAI
Leissner found a delinquent subculture
emerging in areas of Tel Aviv adjacent to bet-
ter, middle-class sections. The sudden onset
of Israeli prosperity appeared to him to have
increased the resentment and discontent
among poorer youths. He found the typical Tel
Aviv gang youth to be a school dropout who
could get further education or a job, but re-
gards study and honest labor to be pursuits
for "suckers."
Sabin to Get Scopus Award
Dr. Albert B. Sabin (left), originator of the virus
anti-polio vaccine, meeting with philanthropist Albert
Parker, who will present hint with the Scopus Award of
the American Friends of the Hebrew University Nov. 21.
The Detroit Friends will have Dr. Sabin as guest speaker
at a dinner Dec. 18.
The "smart guys" loiter about kiosks, rudely
offending passersby, plotting thefts, shouting ob-
scenities, and even smoking hashish. Some carry
switchblade knives.
Their discontent is ironic because many were
born in filthy North African ghettos and their
families now enjoy vastly improved circumstances
in Israel.
Gadna, the voluntary pre-military youth or-
ganization, would be a superb solution to the gang
problem. However, Gadna requires patriotism, de-
votion and discipline. Such attributes do not mo-
tivate the young toughs who push their way to the
head of the queue.
According to the U.S. study, Israel's rapid
industrialization and urbanization created a sharp
contrast between the "materialistic aspirations of
a rising middle class" and the contrasting discon-
tent of the poor. Utilitarian housing provided to
some new immigrants rapidly deteriorated into
slums. Tel Aviv became overcrowded and over-
priced, although the government beseeched new
immigrants to accept better conditions in smaller
cities and rural communities.
Tel Aviv teen-age deliquents have adopted
the skin-tight black pants of their New York
counterparts and try to emulate the manner-
isms of the "American punks."
Complaints are made of ethnic discrimination.
It appeared to the social workers that such claims
were made to excuse the lack of willingness to
work and to justify guilt-producing conduct.
Youth clubs are avoided because they do not
permit vulgar conduct, smoking and sensuous
dancing.
When religion was discussed, the street boys
sneered at the piety of their parents. One young-
ster said his father prayed all day because "it's
easier than working." Another boy aroused hilarity
by saying his father "lives in the synagogue that's
why he doesn't have to worry about getting the
rest of us a decent place to live."