UN Ambassador Sworn In
WASHINGTON (JTA) — Am-
bassador Arthur J. Goldberg, at
swearing-in ceremonies at the
White House Monday, stated that
he assumed his duties as Ameri-
can delegate to the United Nations
with a feeling that there should
not be undue pessimism about the
world organization but recognition
of UN achievements in Suez, Ko-
rea, Iran, Congo and Cyprus.
President Lyndon B. Johnson
lauded Goldberg by stating that
he knew of no man "more able,
more gifted to express, interpret
and explain the policies of the
United States Government as de-
termined by the President and the
Congress."
Goldberg declared himself pre-
pared to face the diplomatic and
financial crises which he said cur-
rently "hover like a specter" over
the UN. It was in this connection
that he pointed out that there
should not be undue pessimism
during a period of disagreement
with the UN, but recognition of
such "achievements" as the UN
role in the Suez affair of 1956-
57 and other trouble spots.
The oath was administered in
impressive ceremonies by Justice
Hugo Black of the U. S. Supreme
Court. Justice Black commented
on the high esteem held by the
justices of the highest court for
Goldberg who relinquished his
place on the bench to accept Pre-
sident Johnson's request for him
to replace the late Mr. Stevenson.
Meanwhile, the State Depart.
ment was exerting efforts to re-
assure Arab states that Goldberg
would deal objectively with
every nation. G. Mennen Wil-
liams, assistant secretary of
state of African affairs, sum-
moned the ambassadors of Mor-
occo, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and
the Sudan—five Moslem states
considered to be less extreme on
Israel and Jewish factors than
the Arab states bordering im-
mediately on Israel.
A personal friend of Goldberg,
Williams told the envoys of his
own high esteem for Goldberg and
stressed the Goldberg record as a
trade unionist and supporter of
peoples emerging from colonialism.
He depicted Goldberg as a humani-
tarian who would prove himself
above considerations of religion.
Officials reported after the
meetings that the reaction was, on
the whole, satisfactory. But offi-
cials said the problem of explain-
ing the appointment of Goldberg
would be more difficult in the
cases of Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Jor-
dan, Syria, Iraq and Lebanon.
(Reports from Cairo said the
Nasser regime has not yet decided
on a line of response to the Gold-
berg appointment.)
Secretary of State Dean Rusk
Monday asked Egyptian Ambassa-
dor Mostafa Kamel to reserve
judgment on the appointment.
Will State Dept. Battle Envoy Over Zionism?
(Continued from Page 1)
Nations is in trouble, and a skilled
negotiator is urgently required.
The President envisaged Goldberg
as a brilliant mediator whose per-
sonality might even help calm
domestic misgivings over Ameri-
can policies in Viet Nam and the
Dominican Republic.
In the difficult task assigned to
Goldberg, he will not only espouse
American policies but will assist in
shaping this country's UN diplo-
macy. He will hold Cabinet status.
The problem is that the State
Department's view of Zionism and
spiritual commitments to Israel
differs from that of the new UN
delegate. His May address, before
the American-Israel Public Affairs
Committee, would never have been
cleared by Secretary of State Dean
Rusk for delivery by a department
official.
Goldberg will remember his
courageous statements, voluntarily
voiced, and find himself torn be-
tween heartfelt personal convic-
tions and the pressures of State
Department expediency.
It will be a dramatic test of
whether interest in Israel is, in-
deed, a loyalty "which in no way
is incompatible with the undi-
vided allegiance which I, to-
gether with all Americans of
Jewish origin and belief, owe
and freely extend to our beloved
America."
Goldberg cited Justice Brandeis'
maxim that "there is no inconsist-
ency between loyalty to America
and loyalty to Jewry." In view of
his new role at the United Na- East. Both seek peace, but the
tions, it is instructive to review
the concepts voiced by Goldberg
in that now-historic address he de-
livered May 3 in Washington.
Mr. Goldberg stated that "the
leaders of Israel on every occa-
sion have proclaimed their earnest
desire to negotiate a just and last-
ing peace with their Arab neigh-
bors and a willingness to cooper-
Me with them in the development
of the resources of the area for the
benefit of all its inhabitants. The
direct negotiation of an Arab-
Israel permanent peace treaty to
replace the present unsatisfactory
armistice is a goal of American
foreign policy just as it is the
Israeli goal."
"It is for this reason," he said,
"that no American need be re-
strained froin reaffirming the tra-
ditional policy of the United States
of support for the integrity of Is-
rael and for its peaceful develop-
ment—support which America, in
equal measure, offers to every
other country in the Middle East."
Goldberg emphasized "that the
United States cannot stand idly
by while the Soviet Union or Red
China supplies modern and so-
phisticated weapons to countries
practicing or threatening aggres-
sion against nations bound to us
by ties of friendship and com-
mon purpose."
After this obvious reference to
Communist arms shipments to
Egypt, Goldberg commented that
"neither America nor Israel wel-
comes an arms race in the Middle
cause of peace, as Congress has
recognized, will not be served by
encouraging those preparing for
aggression or by permitting those
whose security is imperiled to be
the victims of an imbalance of
arms."
Goldberg traced the democratic
concepts linking America with Is-
rael. He recalled that President
Johnson said "peace is first on our
agenda" for the Middle East. In
this connection, Goldberg empha-
sized that "our country has the
obligation and the commitment to
keep peace on the agenda, and to
pursue unceasingly the goal of
peace in freedom for Israel and all
other countries in the Middle East.
And until this goal is achieved, we
must reaffirm, give fresh vitality
and practical implementation to
the declaration of President Ken-
nedy, renewed by the present ad-
ministration, to intervene against
aggression on the part of any
nation in the area."
The late Adlai Stevenson
found himself in the situation of
opposing at the United Nations
a move by neutral nations to ad-
vance Arab-Israel peace. The
State Department was seeking,
at that time, to curry Arab
favor. Will Goldberg similarly
find himself advocating UN
stands that may clash with his
personal convictions?
Arthur Goldberg's Basic Credo
(Continued from Page 1)
tinuance of world pressures upon
If Arthur Goldberg does not "re- the USSR in regard to the Jewish
place" Adlai Stevenson, the fact is issue.
however, that Stevenson himself
Thus, the circle has been closed
might have chosen the jurist as his —embracing his Jewishness, his
own successor. In a profile of readiness to fight the USSR when
Goldberg in the New Yorker in battle was in order, his love of
1962, a man identified only as one peace, his devotion to law and jus-
who "holds a high United Nations tice, his fitness to wear the man-
post"—believed to be Stevenson— tles of Lehman and Stevenson.
was quoted as saying: I'd like to
Justice Goldberg's devotion to
see Goldberg up against Khrush- law and justice and his readiness
chev and Gromyko. He knows the to negotiate were noted here on
Conununists, and he knows how to all United Nations levels, both on
bargain, when to give, when to be the diplomatic and on the highest
tough, and when to get issues post- Secretariat levels. The fact that he
poned that he doesn't want to talk was a Jew and an avowed Zionist
about."
seemed to worry only the Russians,
Stevenson knew Goldberg not aware of his interest in the prob-
only as one of the most skilled lem of Soviet Jews, and the Arabs.
mediators and negotiators the
Perhaps the keenest evaluation
United States has ever produced, was provided here by one Western
but also as one who was deeply in- diplomat who found a Goldberg
volved in America's attitude to- quotation which he made it his
ward the USSR because, as a Jew, business immediately to circulate
and as a great humanitarian, inter- widely. In a biographical sketch
ested in human rights for all devoted to him, Goldberg was quo-
people and pained by Soviet perse- ted as follows:
cutions of Jewry, Goldberg had
"We cannot be impartial—only
frequently spoken up on those intellectually honest. Impartiality
issues—not only in the context of is a dream—honesty a duty."
That's the man who is moving
meetings conducted by JeWish or-
ganizations but in forums of a into Suite 42-A at the Waldorf
more general character.
Towers and into the sumptuous,
Only last May, at the inaugura- new United States Mission in a
tion of a project for the establish- building across the street from
ment of a Jewish Center for the United Nations Headquarters. He
United Nations, to complement will know how to fight for the
similar Protestant and Catholic points of view of his country, of
houses of worship in proximity to his people, of world peace. But,
the UN complex, Justice Goldberg above all, he will be straight. He
had proposed that an international is believed when he asserts:
court on human rights be estab- "Honesty is a duty."
lished. And at the same event, an-
nouncement was made that a Israel's Leaders Wire
group of friends in Washington
would establish at the new Center Their Congratulations
a "Judaism and Peace" library in
JERUSALEM (JTA)—Separate
JTA)
honor of Justice Goldberg. To em- messages congratulating U. S. Sup-
phasize his Jewish identification reme Court Justice Goldberg upon
further, and link it with the UN, his appointment to the chairman-
Justice Goldberg accepted the ship of America's delegation to
honorary chairmanship of that the United Nations were cabled
by Israel's President Zalman Sha-
Jewish Center.
Shortly after that event, the zar, Prime Minister Levi Eshkol
American Jewish Committee filled and Foreign Minister Golda Meir.
Justice Goldberg's selection for
a post vacant since the death of
another great Jew, Herbert H. Leh- the post by President Johnson was
man, by electing Justice Goldberg hailed widely in Israel's press.
as an honorary vice president. In editorially his "high qualities."
The New York press, as the
an interview the very evening the
American Jewish Committee held press in Washington and largely
its annual dinner, with Justice throughout the rest of the country,
was highly laudatory in editorials
Goldberg as the principal speaker,
praising the appointment of Gold-
Justice Goldberg urged the con- berg.
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Stevenson, of course, was an
American leader who had never
proclaimed himself "a Zionist."
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Goldberg has stated "I am a Zion-
ist." It is Goldberg's belief "that
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there is every reason for Ameri-
cans—Jewish and non-Jewish—to
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support that great adventure in
human freedom, Israel, an adven-
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ture which parallels that great
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The success story of the hard- Soviet view, the United States is States of America."
working son of a Jewish immigrant controlled by Wall Street and the
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couple from Russia is being heard moneyed aristocracy whose sons
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Radio Liberty.
"Radio Liberty's biographical 'Sir, Do a Mitzvah'
Justice Goldberg's New Appointment
Gives Radio Liberty Opportunity
to Rebut Soviet Propaganda Line
The privately sponsored network
traced for its audience of millions
the life of Arthur Goldberg from
a modest beginning in "a poor
section of Chicago" to his ap-
pointment last Tuesday as the
U.S. representative to the United
Nations.
Goldberg's parents, Radio Liber-
ty told its listeners, came from a
small community outside Kiev.
Recalling the Justice's boyhood
in Chicago, the network painted
a word picture of the senior Gold-
berg's blind horse and the wagon
delivering vegetables from the mar-
ket to Chicago's hotels.
T h e Kremlin's propagandists
have been asserting for years that
in America appointments to the
legislative a n d administrative
branches of the government are
made on the basis of the candi-
date's bank account. Thus, in the
0 32—Friday, July 30, 1965
study of Mr. Goldberg, which is
being aired in Russian and 16 other
languages of the Soviet Union, may
help dispel this simplistic notion
from the minds of Soviet citizens,"
a network spokesman said.
Radio Liberty plans to follow up
its initial coverage on the new
UN ambassador with in - depth
studies of his contributions as a
Supreme Court justice and as the
secretary of labor.
Radio Liberty, with 13 powerful
transmitters in West Germany and
Spain and four transmitters on
Formosa, is heard in all heavily
populated areas of the Soviet
Union despite Soviet jamming ef-
forts. Situated so as to insure opti-
mum propagation of the radio
signal, the freedom network's
transmitters utilize a total power
of more than 1,500,000 watts. Radio
Liberty has broadcast continuously
since March 1, 1953.
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
ti"
It was 11 o'clock in the morning. Many
people had ne to Mount Zion. Tourists
and visitors b had come to see the wall of
the Old City in Jerusalem. David, too,
from Tel-Aviv was among them. Sudden-
ly there appeared a bearded Jew, and
said, "Sir, perform a mitzvah!" David
put his hand into his pocket. He brought
out a coin and wanted to give it to the
old man. "I don't want money," said the
man, "only a mitzvah." David stood still
and did not understand.
The Jew took a skull-cap and put it
on David's head. He brought out tefillin
and bound them on the arm and head .
of David.
The last time David had laid tefillin
was on the day of his Bar Mitzvah. Today.
he is an engineer in Tel-Aviv and far
removed from religion.
"Nu, now say the prayer," said the old
Jew.
"I don't know it," answered David.
But the man on Mount Zion cried.
"Repeat after me!" David repeated
after him word for word the prayer.
When he had finished, the Jew said,
"Now you will prosper and have much
luck!"
Before the Tel-Aviviau went on his
way, he asked the Jew, "Who are you
and where did you come from?"
"I am a Jew and I came from Russia
ten years ago." the man said. "I lived
in concentration camps and there I
made a vow: if I should remain alive,
I would go to Israel. I would live in
Jerusalem, the holy city, and bring Jews
back to Judaism."
Translation of Hebrew Column.
Published by Brith Ivrith
Olamith, Jerusalem.
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