State Department and Middle East: Expedience and Realities (Continued from Page 1) Middle East in the event of a com- bined Arab attack on Israel, he was vague in his reply, indicating uncertainty as to steps that might be taken. But there is firmness in the declaration that an arms race will be avoided—and the advice for Israel was that the military supplies she needs are available on world markets—but on harder terms." What our officialdom fails to acknowledge—surely the facts are at hand—is that the arms supplies that go to the Arab states, primar- ily to Egypt, from Soviet sources overwhelm Israel's and multiply. Israel's problems. * * Israel remains on top of the list of the nations that are "in their last stages" of receiving aid from the American foreign aid program. The completion of such aid is evi- dent among a very few nations, and Israel is among those heading the countries that are showing marked economic progress. Meanwhile the Arab states are ,. continuing to receive American I aid, and Nasser's request for a half billion dollars' worth of food suppies for the coming three years ' is among the gigantic calls for assistance to come from any area. (This request was made of Assist- ant Secretary of State Phillips Talbot, who is in charge of African and Middle East affairs, during his visit in Cairo last week. It has been reported that while our gov- ernment's assurances have been given to Nasser that American aid will continue, that the Egyptian dictator was reminded of the senti- ments of the U.S. Congress where resentment has been expressed against the anti-American Nasser policies and his arrogant advice that the United States "jump in the lake." Mr. Talbot was expected in Israel, this week, for talks with Prime Minister Levi Eshkol and Foreign Minister Golda heir.) Describing Israel's strengthened economic status, a government spokesman, pointing to low stand- ards in many countries that are receiving American aid, said that "the Israelis are now way above the $300 per capital mark." The crisis created by the build- ing of Israel's National Water Car- rier is the subject of many in- quiries. While the State Depart- ment repeatedly reaffirms its ad- herence to the plan that was pro- posed 10 years ago by the late Jordan, Israeli Troops Trade Fire on Scopus JERUSALEM (JTA) — Jordani- an troops opened fire Tuesday against an Israeli patrol in the northwest corner of the Israeli en- clave atop Mount Scopus. Israelis returned the fire. United Nations military observ- ers in the sector immediately start- ed negotiating a cease-fire between the two sides. and succeeded in bringing the shootings to halt after 15 minutes. An Israeli Army spokesman said that there were no casualties on Israel's side, adding that "the patrol completed its mis- sion." Ground Broken in Israel for Secondary School OR YEHUDAH, Israel—Ground breaking ceremonies for the Es- telle and Eugene Ferkauf Compre- hensive High School were observed here Wednesday in the presence of the couple for whom the school is named, their three children, and representative local and national leaders. Construction of the school is be- ing made possible by Ferkauf's gift of $600,000 to the Israel Edu- cation Fund, a program of United Jewish Appeal designed to help extend education for secondary school children, especially in the development of towns of Israel. THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS 32—Friday, April 23, 1965 Eric Johnston, who was President: mated to be Arabs. The consensus Eisenhower's personal emissary! has been that the Arab member-1 to study and seek solution for the ship is much larger. The State De- Middle East water problem, there partment explains "the sources of; is no end to caution addressed communist strength" in Israel in! to Israel. The Israelis are even; this analysis as follows: admonished that in about 10 years "Maki is a mixed Arab-Jewish a completed desalination program party which derives its strength will make possible the use of wa from a hard core of ideologically- ter from the salty Mediterranean conditioned C o In munists, aug- at a third the cost of water sec mented at the polls by those who ured through the Jordan` Riverand vote communist to demostrate Lake Tiberias sources. But Israel their dissatisfaction with the gov- can't wait that long—and Washing ernment. Most of those Arabs who ton knows it. But it is Israel, nev vote for Maki do so toprotest ertheless, that is admonished, and against the creation of the State Israel's warnings are taken seri of Israel and to endorse the com- ously, while Arab dangers mount. munist party program's special ap-; It is on this score that the State peal to the Arabs, particularly its Department policies are so fre position against military govern-; quently challenged. ment in effect in areas of Arab; The admission that ration cards settlement. Among economically of deceased Arab refugees who depressed Jews, especially immi-i are on United Nations relief rolls grants from Iraq, Bulgaria, and; —with funds coming primarily Poland, a vote for Maki is gener- from the United States—is of spe- ally intended as a protest against; cial interest. Our officials deny the state's failure to improve their that the use of such ration cards standard of living. The Commu-; is part of a scheme "to pad the nists do notplay a significant role; refugee rolls." But there is the in Israeli politics and constitute! admission that Jordan keeps the only 2.8% of the trade union mem- 1 refugees in concentrated camps in bership, a percentage smaller order to keep the refugees as "a than they hold in the parliment. Palestine entity, thereby - to keep Maki has taken a strong pro- the refugee issue alive as a weap- Soviet position in the conflict be- on against Israel. There is also tween Peking and Moscow. A few , the admission that ration cards dissidents who expressed pro- are being bought by persons who Chinese sentiments left Maki and seek "to make profit for them- reportedly plan to establish a sep- I arate party." selves." Insofar as Nasser is concerned, the feeling here is that "we are getting along somewhat better" with him, that there has been "no major progress," but that "in the absence of further recriminations" there is a measure of improve- ment in U.S.-Egyptian relations. An important official saw fit to emphasize that "Nasser kept re- markably silent about our relations with Germany in the arms deal that was abandoned by Bonn." This is used as evidence that there are indications from important chan- nels - that Nasser seeks restoration of better relations with this country. The refusal of some of the Afri- can countries to go along with Nasser against Israel also was con- sidered a valuable development. But Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs G. Mennen Williams said there was recurring evidence of efforts to unite Afri- cans against Israel. Most sources point to the failure of Nasser to counteract Israel's good relations with many African nations. A State Department spokesman had an interesting comment on the recent attacks on Israel by Chin- ese Communist leaders. He said that such attacks had no signifi- cance whatever, that they are due primarily to China's regarding Israel "as being pro-Western, and it's cheap to attack Israel — they haven't lost anything." Concern over the Arab diver- sionary tactics in the utilization of the Jordan River's sources are being minimized here. "The Arabs have done very little . on the ground, having leveled only 10 miles in their diversion plan," one official said. "I would estimate that no serious utilization of their project is in view for two or three years." he added. Yet. it is said that Jordan already is making full use of Yarmuk River waters. * * There is frequent reference here to "Communist efforts to exploit the Middle East situation." This is emphasized in State Department literature and in public warning not to aggravate the Arabs. An important State Department publication, "World Strength of Communist Party Organizations," describes the status of the Israel Communist Maki Party. Of the 120 members of the Knesset, five seats are held by the Maki whose total vote in the last election was 42,- 111-4 per cent of the country's total. The State Department analy- sis states that the Israel Commu- nist party's membership is less than 2,000, of whom 500 are esti- the matters as developed in this The point is that the charge pamphlet are frequently referred made against the State Depart- to as continuing American policy. ! ment that it bars access to the * * ! documents Nt, as unjustified. Israel's roles in many areas are delineated in State Department of- At a recent briefing session in- ficial publications. "Foundation ; volving State Department officials, Stones of Peace," for example, re- 1 an interesting question was posed. fers to Israel's participation in ! The interrogator asked what the health, education and welfare pro- U.S. is doing about the 50,000 neo-• jects encouraged by the U.S. "The Nazis who are operating in Argen- Aid Program" lists foreign aid tina. The existence of a Nazi benefits derived by Israel and the . menace was confirmed but the Arab nations. There is an exten- ; State Department's inability to act sive analysis of the situation in- in such internal matters was em- volving Israel and the Arabs in phasized. The official told of "The United States and the Mid- American Jewish Committee ef- dle East." forts to get action against the The firmness of the U.S. in the Nazis and there was an evident matter of recognizing Jerusalem concern over the existence of a as the capital of Israel is to be spreading anti-Semitism in Late found in the pamphlet "Status of America. the United Nations." Listing Is- State Department officials often rael's population as 2,428,000, as 1963—in an 8,000-square-mile area are on the spot. When pressed for —there is this not attached to the explanations they have the facts reference to Jerusalem (defacto) on their finger-tips and very often status: "In 1950 the Israel Parlia- there are admissions of bending- ment proclaimed Jerusalem the , backward policies, as in the case capital. The U.S. Government does ; of the Middle East, where the not recognize Jerusalem as the communist threat adds to this I government's worries. There is too capital, and the U.S. Embassy con- tinues to be located in Tel Aviv." ; little done, however, to encourage ! the admittedly "pro-Western" Is- A pamphlet, "Educational and rael. Cultural Diplomacy," tells of There is no doubt that the State chairs established in American literature at the Hebrew Univer- Department often bends back- sity and the Tel Aviv University. wards to be pro-Nasser to appease It lists other cultural functions sup- the Arabs it is the fear for com- ported and encouraged by the munism that causes it, and expedi- *** ence all-too-frequently creates the United States. The State Department apparent- * * * enigmas of leaning towards pro- ly adheres to its opposition to any There are frequent complaints communists while fearing the com- efforts to interfere with the Arab about State Department "pre- munists and meanwhile harmirm\ boycott of American firms that judices." A recent charge con- the pro-Western little state of have dealings with Israel or that, tended that the U.S. government raeal. Such are the injustices Or are owned by Jews by means of was barring access to documenta- modern diplomacy. Congressional action. tion on Nazi war criminals in the A well-trained State Department The Department's position on Is- Alexandria, Va., center. could, in the view of many ob- rael is outlined in a paperback, The fact is that the available servers, accomplish much more "American Foreign Policy Today," data can be studied by those de-, by refusing to yield to Nasserism, by Temple Wanamaker, with an in- siring access to the center. But, by calling the bluffs of the aggres- troduction by Secretary f State knowledge of German is necessary, sors. But as long as present poli- Rusk. It goes into detail in analyz- and those seeking access to the cies persist, Israel, will always ing the Middle East situation and documents either should know have to remain on the alert describes "American efforts at im- _German or should have an inter- and her friends will be compelled proving relations between the preter with them. to be vigilant. Arab states and Israel" as follow- ing these : 1. Supporting the efforts of the 4., 112'11 UN to prevent border incidents; 2. attempting to get Israel and the Arab states to conform to the Eric Johnston water plan (the develop- ing friction is indicated); 3. trying t o develop a plan for the resettle- Z.nr. /7101j71.7. 4 ment of Arabs who fled from Pal- estine in 1948; 4. keeping a bal- tvpp r47 .ntite tap; ance of arms. ns..7 tth'kt n57 ./.10?pz n4K, While this is a plan "on paper," I • rnm 7pr l.r e? ns; in 141 Hebrew Corner Floating Ulpan Eddie Jacobson visited Israel as a tourist. He traveled throughout the length and breadth of the land. He met people from various countries. With some he spoke English, with others Yiddish. But with many he communi- cated by means of gestures, as they spoke only Hebrew. In his boyhood, while studying for his Bar Mitzvah. he learned how to pray from the Hebrew Prayer Book, but even now did not fully understand the words. While still in America, he had decided that when he could free himself from business affairs, he would devote time to the study of Hebrew. Returning from Israel to America, he sailed on a ship for two weeks. The ship made its way leisurely, and there was much free time. How fine it would be, he thought, if I could use these days for the study of Hebrew. but who would organize Hebrew lessons for me here? And then he learned that the Brit Ivrit Olamit had organized a Floating Hebrew Ulpan on board ship. Many of the passengers registered for the He- brew lessons. He met the teacher, who had been sent from Israel, and arranged with him to be included among the stu- dents of the Ulpan. How did the idea of a Floating Hebrew Ulpan originate? He was interested to know. and the teacher told him that the Brit Ivrit Ola- mit organized an Ulpan on the S.S. Olympia and the S.S. Queen Anna Maria of the Greek Line Shipping Co. which sails the route New York-Haifa-New York. In this Ulpan, lessons in Hebrew are given to beginners and advanced students, as well as lessons in the Bible and Jewish history. Modern methods of instruction are employed, including the audio-visual sys- tem with tape-recordings and short films. Hebrew songs are taught and Israeli evenings organized. All passengers and tourists may join the Ulpan free of charge. At the end of the journey, Eddie Jacobson disembarked happy and in good spirits, knowing that he had made good use of his dine aboard ship and had acquired knowledge of the Hebrew language and culture. —Translation of Hebrew column Published by the Brit Ivrit Olamit, Jerusalem 17 - t.zin rr 1; 37 117 1: 1.1 11 1P;:i 17? 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