Purely Commentary
By PHILIP SLOMOVITZ
A recent column by Leonard Lyons carried this telling message:
"Because of her food allergies Carol Channing, as usual,
brought her own food to the Rainbow Grill party for Sammy
Davis Jr. . . ."
The thought immediately. occurs: suppose it were kosher food,
and the person bringing his own refreshments to a party were an
observer of the Jewish dietary laws, would he have been looked upon
with as much respect as is inspired by Carol Channing's allergies?
Kashruth need not be a puzzle'or a burden. In fact, today, with the
availability of pareve milk and cream, there is hardly a delicacy that
could not be made available in' strict adherence to kashruth.
In the dramatic analytical analysis of the 13 rules set down by
Maimonides, in his new book. "Principles of the Jewish Faith,"
published by Basic Books, Dr. Louis Jacobs, London rabbi who was
involved in the controversy over his teachings at Jews' College with
the British chief rabbi, hai some interesting things to say on the
subject. In his summary, he states in part:
"For the Halakha it is a more severe religious offence to
shave with a razor than to eat forbidden food, but the one offence
has frequently been overlooked in Jewish life, while the dietary
laws are recognized even by many of those who do not keep them
as belonging to an essential Jewish expression of the quest for
holiness in life and as a powerful means of self-identification with
the peoplehood of Israel."
The latter point is especially convincing. A- distinguished scholar,
Israel Air Routes
Approved in Rome
Over Arab Bloc
Boris Sm°Iar's
Between You
... and Me
ROME (JTA)-A four-week con-
ference of 46 countries of Africa
and_ the Indian Ocean ended here
with approval of three new air
routes using Israeli facilities over
strong, objections by seven Arab
members.
The plenary subcommittee of the
International Civilian Aviation Or-
ganization approved the air routes
and other recommendations to be
submitted to the ICAO council in
Montreal. The subject of the con-
ference was a five-year civil air
communication plan for the region.
The three new air routes are
Nairobi (Kenya) to Teheran, al-
ready in operation, Nairobi to Tel
Aviv and Kano (Nigeria) to Tel
Aviv. The seven Arab delegations
opposed fiercely inclusion of the
three air routes in the technical
plan. The Arabs suffered their
'
(Copyright, 1964, Jewish
Telegraphic Agency, Inc.)
Progress Report
Having set its 1965 goal as $71,000,000 for the regular campaign
plus $38,400,000 for the Special Fund, the United Jewish Appeal is now
busy preparing for its national inaugural conference to take place in
Washington next month . . . The election of Max Fisher as UJA general
chairman has attracted warm interest in the communities throughout
the country.
The Intermarriage Issue
The problem of growing intermarriage between Jews and non-Jews
in this country is coming more and more to the forefront in American
Jewish community life ... It has reached a point where the Federation
of Jewish Philanthropies of New York - the largest Federation in the
united States -- has taken a hand in it. . . The initiative taken by the
New York Federation to arrange for a two-day discussion of the causes
of intermarriage and on remedies to prevent its growth will -probably
be emulated now by Federations in other communities . . Perhaps
the most valuable result of the two-day discussion, in which rabbis
and social workers participated, is the formulation given by Dr. Mor-
speaking with pride recently about the Jewish interests of his children, first defeat on the issue when the decai Kaplan of the symptoms of what ails American Jewry . . . The
said his son. upon his recent marriage, gave him the information on his other delegations brushed aside venerable Jewish scholar and philosopher told the audience that inter-
own and his bride's behalf that their home would honor the dietary Arab warnings they would not al- marriage is not the only menace threatening American Jewish life .
laws, in the interest of solidarity with their people.
low such flights to pass over their The "consumptive condition" of Jewish life, he said, is also the sell-
territories. The vote was 14 to 8 alienation of the Jewish intellectuals and the frank admission of Ameri-
Anti Jewish Slogan in City likened to Sodom
pulpit
in
Philadelphia,
Miss.,
the
Rev.
with. 11 abstentions. .
A newcomer to a Methodist -
can Jewish scholars that they don't know what is a Jew .. . He ascribed
Clay Lee, challenged the civic leaders of his community to save it
When the Arabs opposed inclu- this condition to the shortsightedness of Jewish spiritual leaders whom
from confusion and fear and likened the city to Sodom in its present sion 'of Israel in a plan for ex- he accused of evading basic moral and spiritual issues . . He also
state. In a report on the lecture the New York Times correspondent change of metereological informa- attributed it lo the lack of parental interest in transmitting the Jewish
described a scene in the office of the Philadelphia, Miss., sheriff when tion, they were defeated by a vote heritage to their children, even though they make a big social event
the 21 men were arrested on Federal charges in connection with of 12 to 7. The Israel delegation, a Bar Mitzvah . .. And he blamed a _ lso the Jewish illiteracy of most,
the slaying of three young men who had gone to that community on composed of technicians, impressed and the assimilationist tendencies of some lay leaders"... In his opinion,
a mission in behalf of civil rights, and he stated:
the conference with its calm in these lay leaders are abetted in their indifference to Judaism by their
"Several clerks and a big. burly man stood at the counter
dealing with verbal attacks of the executives . . . He also listed other reasons for what he called the
reading 'A Thunderbolt,' an anti-Negro and anti-Semitic news-
present sickness of Jewish life in this country . . He recommended
Arab delegations. The results of
paper published in Birmingham. Ala.. by the national States Rights
the conference were expected to the formation of an "organic" Jewish community to govern itself like
Party. On the bulletin board outside the sheriff's office was a poster
speed development of African-Asi- a civic community by duly elected officials for •its various departments
depicting Justice Department officials as 'Jew-Communist'."
. . . The administrators of those departments should be appointed by
an air communication.
One would think that this had. taken place in Munich in the days
the officials . . . The main departments should be 1. Vital statistief;
of Adolf Hitler. But while anything of this nature has been possible THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS 1 2. Jewish education and culture; 3. Ethical standards of economic life;
I 4. Religion; 5. Health and social welfare; 6. Public relations; 7. Zionism;
in Mississippi, we live in hope. The country at large is human. therefore 2-Friday, December 25, 1964
isolated sections emulating Sodom will no doubt abandon hate.
i 8. Aid to Jews in other countries.
.
-
a
-
I
Historical Survey of World Zionist Congress from 1897
(Continued from Page 1)
ference elects Weizmann as President.
XII ZIONIST CONGRESS
Sept. 1 to 14, 1921, in Carlsbad
778,487 Shekel-holders. 540 delegates.
Opening and report by Weizmann and So-
kolow. Sir George Clark, British Ambassa-
dor in Prague, addresses Congress. Presi-
dency of Congress: N. Sokolow and L. Motz-
kin. Leaders of Opposition: Julius Simon
and N. de Lieme. Vladimir Jabotinsky de-
fends Executive. Chairman of the Perman-
ent Committee: Robert Stricker. Important
resolutions on colonization, organization,
finances, Mandate. Executive: Weizmann
(President of the Z.0.), Sokolow (President
of Executive), Ussishkin, Eder, Jabotinsky,
Lichtheim, Motzkin, Cowen, Rosenblatt,
Ituppin, Sprinzak, Pick, and Soloweitschik.
XIII ZIONIST CONGRESS
Aug. 6 to 18, 1923, in Carlsbad
Debates on extension of Jewish Agency.
Opposition to Jewish Agency. Resolution to
call a meeting for enlargement of Jewish
Agency according to Article 4 of the Pale-
stine Mandate. Executive: Weizmann, Soko-
low. Soloweitschik, Cowen, Lipsky, Ruppin,
Col. Kisch, Van Vriesland, Pick, Sprinzak.
In addition, as representative of the Eco-
nomic Council: Halpern, Naiditsch. Feiwel.
XIV ZIONIST CONGRESS
Aug. 18 to 31, 1925, in Vienna
Fight for the extension of the Jewish
Agency. Intense opposition led by N. Gold-
mann, I. Gruenbaum; R. Stricker (Radical
Zionists), and V. Jabotinsky. Only Weiz-
mann and Sokolow elected to the Execu-
tive; they afterwards propose their list for
the Executive to the A.C. On October 21,
the A.C. decides to let the Executive, elec-
ted by the 13th Congress, continue until the
15th Congress.
XV ZIONIST CONGRESS
Aug. 30 to Sept. 11, 1927, in Basle
281 delegates (General Zionists - 151,
Mizrachi - 46, Hitachduth - 33, Poale Zion -
30, Radical Zionists - 11, Zionist-Revision-
ists - 10). , Report on negotiations with non-
Zionists-in connection with the extension of
the Jewish Agency. Growing opposition.
Resolution on colonization. Fight for econo-
my and reform of administration. Execu-
tive: Weizmann, Sokolow, Eder, Lipsky, F.
Rosenblueth, Kisch, Sacher, Miss Henrietta
Szold.
XVI ZIONIST CONGRESS
July 28 to Aug. 11, 1929, in Zurich
Revisionists and Radical Zionists against
the extension of the Jewish Agency, Reso-
lution to admit non-Zionists to the Jewish
Agency accepted by 231 votes against 30.
Executive: Weizmann, Sokolow, Sacher,
Kisch, Miss Szold, Rosenblueth, Brodetsky,
Lipsky, Kaplansky, Sprinzak, Rabbi Meir
Berlin, L. Barth, and Ruppin.
After the Congress, the meeting is held,
at which the Council of the extended
Jewish Agency is constituted.
XVII ZIONIST CONGRESS
(June 30 to July 15, 1931, in Basle)
and Goldmann, who was elected President
of the Congress. Debate on Status for the
Zionist Organization. 145 resolutions ao•
cepted. New formulation of task of Zioniser
The Strengthening of the State of Israel.
The Ingathering of the Exiles in Erets
Israel-and the Fostering of the Unity of
the Jewish People. Nahum Goldman elected
Chairman of the New York Executive and
Berl Locker of the Jerusalem Executive.
XVI ZIONIST CONGRESS
(Aug. 16 to 25, 1939, in Geneva)
529 delegates. Opening by Weizmann.
Rejection of 1939 White Paper. Welcoming
of resolution by Permanent Mandates Corn-
mision of League of Nations, that White
Paper is "incompatibile" with the Mandate.
Congress closes before time owing to immi-
nence of war. Previous Executive re-elected.
1939-1945: Second World War. White
254 delegates (General Zionists "A"-
25, General Zionists "B"-59, Poale Zion- Paper in force. Six million Jews murdered.
75, Revisionists-52, Mizrachi-35, Radical . Patria, Struma; Jewish Brigade Group. Bilt-
Zionists-8). President of Congress: L.
Motzkin. MacDonald Letter. Debate on final
aim of Zionism. Vote of no confidence pass-
ed against Dr. Magnes of the Hebrew Uni-
versity. Weizmann defeated by opposition.
Executive: Sokolow (President), Farbstein,
Nelmann, Arlosoroff, Brodetsky, Locker.
XVIII ZIONIST CONGRESS
(Aug. 21 to September 4, 1933, in Prague)
Fight over the Presidency of Congress.
Motzkin elected President of Congress.
Election of a Committee of Inquiry into
Arlosoroff murder. Weizmann appointed to
conduct settlement of Jews from Hitler Ger
many in Palestine. Executive: Sokolow
(President), Ben-Gurion, Kaplan, Locker,
Shertok, Brodetsky, Jacobson, Lipsky,
Gruenbaum, and Ruppin.
XIX ZIONIST CONGRESS
(Aug. 20 to Sept. 4, 1935, in Lucerne)
463 delegates (Poale Zion-209, General
Zionists "A"-81, General Zionists "B"-
47, Mizrachi-66, Jewish State Party--11,
and 49 from Germany. Austria, etc.). Re-
visionists (Jabotinsky) leave the Zionist
Organization. Resolution against the pro-
posed Legislative Council in Palestine. In
favour of forming a World Jewish Congress.
Budget of the Jewish Agency: 388,000. Exe-
cutive: Weizmann (President), Sokolow
(Hon. President), Ben-Gurion, Shertok, Kap-
lan, Gruenbaum, Rottenstreich, Fishman,
and Brodetsky. Chairman of the A.C.: Us-
sishkin.
XX ZIONIST CONGRESS
(Aug. 3 to 17, 1937, in Zurich)
1,500,000 Shekel-holders. More than 500
delegates. Celebration in commemoration of
the First Congress. Weizmann demands au-
thority to conduct negotiations on the basis
of the Peel- Partition Report. Accepted by
300 votes against 158. Executive: Weizmann
(President of the Z. 0.), Ben-Gurion (Presi-
dent of the Executive), Brodetsky, Gruen-
baum, Rabbi Fishman, Kaplan, Rotten-
striech, Shertok, Ussishkin. Head of Eco-
nomic Institution: Rupin; Representative at
the League of Nations: Nahum Goldmann;
Representative in America: Louis Lipsky.
XXIV ZIONIST CONGRESS
(April 24 to. May 7, 1956, in Jerusalem)
more Program (Jewish Commonwealth).
Zionist World Conference in London, Aug:.
ust 1945. Trouble in Palestine.
XXII ZIONIST CONGRESS
(Dec. 9 to 24, 1946, in Basle)
About two million Shekel-holders. Return
of Revisionists. Regolution against terror-
ism. Congress condemns activities of "He-
brew Committee" and "American League
for a Free Palestine". Resolution, that the
Zionist Movement cannot participate in the
"London Conference," thus making the re-
election of Weizmann impossible. No Presi-
dent elected. Ben-Gurion becomes Chair-
man of Executive in Jerusalem • and Abba
Hillel Silver Chairman of Washington Exe-
cutive. Budget: 15,500,000.
1947-1950: As a result of Ernest Bevin's
policy disturbances in Palestine grow. Irgun
Zevai Leumi revolts against British forces.
United Nations Special Committee on Pale-
stine recommends partition of Palestine.
"Exodus 1947" with 4,500 refugees deported
to Germany.
U.N. in favor of establishment of
Jewish State. Proclamation of Independence
of State of Israel (May 14, 1948-Iyar 15,
5708). Jewish-Arab War. Victory of Israel
army. Cease fire, truce, and. Armistice nego-
tiations. Elections to the Knesset (January
25, 1949). Israel becomes member of the
United Nations.
Berl Locker elected Chairman of the
Executive of the Jewish Agency in Jerusa-
lem, and Nahum Goldmann of the American
Section of the J. A. Executive. European
Zionist Conference in Paris (September,
1949), and meeting of the Zionist General
Council in Jerusalem (April, 1950) dis-
cusses new, fundamental problems • of the
Z. 0. and Zionist Movement. Erection of the
Jerusalem Convention Center (Zionist Con-
gress House).
ZIO ST CONGRESS
30, 1951, in Jerusalem)
(August 14
Ceremony at he graveside of Theodor
Herzl on Mount Herzl. 446 delegates.
Greetings from eizmann, President of
Israel. Addresses by Locker, Ben-Gurion
.
Itzhak Ben Zvi. President of Israel, wel-
comes the congress and underlines the im-
portance of Zionism. 496 delegates (Gen-
eral Zionists-158, Poale Zion-151, Ilia-
rac.hi - 69, Revisionists-52, Mapam -- 34,
Ahdut Avodah-29, and 3 independent del-
egates). Main addresses delivered by Ben-
Gurion, Goldmann and Locker. Full mobili-
zation of the Jewish people necessary for
security of Israel. Levi Eshkol, Finance
Minister, speaks on the Four-Year Plan, and
Moshe Sharett, Foreign Minister, on the
political situation. Resolutions on Arab
Boycott and Arab anti-Jewish propaganda;
Appeal to Soviet Russia to recognize the
of Jews who wish to emigrate to Israel.
Congress to meet once in three years and
the number of delegates not to exceed 500.
N. Goldman elected President of the Z.Q.
and Chairman of the Executive, consisting
o _ f 12 members in Israel and 5 in America.
XXV ZIONIST CONGRESS
(Dec. 27, 1960 to Jan. 11, 1961)
521 delegates (500 elected, 15 on basis
of World Election Lists and 6 of WIZO).
Presidents of Congress: N. Goldmann and
M. Sharett. Goldmann speaks on "The Jew-
ish people, the State of Israel and the Zion-
ist Movement," Ben Gurion on "The People
and the State," Golda Meir on "The State
in the International Arena" and Levi Esb-
kol on "The State of Israel under Construc-
tion." The Congress declares that immigrar
tion should form principal task of Zionism;
demands intensification of Jewish eduea-
tion and establishment of Jewish Day
Schools. Congress appeals to Jews of Dia,
soora to send pupils of higher schools and
of Yeshivot to study in Israel for at least
one year. 150 resolution _ s accepted. Con-
gress elects Goldmann as President of Z.O.
and authorizes the General Council to elect
a new Executive.
XXVI ZIONIST CONGRESS
(Dec. 30, 1964 to Jan. 10, 1965,
in Jerusalem)
540 delegates (350 from Diaspora and
190 from Israel).