UN Lacks Controls to Assure Rights,

Parley Told; European Efforts Hailed

NEW YORK (JTA) — European
Measures to safeguard human
rights were offered as a blueprint
for global action by a European
expert at a meeting of the World
Jewish Congress American Section
on the occasion of the 16th anni-
versary of the Universal Declara-
tion of Human Rights.
Dr. Herbert. Golsong, registrar
of the European Court of Human
Rights in Strassbourg, told the
JDC conference that action taken
so far to protect human rights in-
ternationally requires a series of
practical steps.
Under present conditions there
is no effective universal control in
cases of alleged violation of hu-
man rights, he said, and when
such rights are violated, complaints
may he submitted to the UN, which
in turn passes them on to the mem-
ber state involved.
There is no public exposure of
the case and it is not unusual for
such complaints to lie, gathering
dust, for. years without action, Dr.
Golsong declared.
In Western Europe ,however,
special measures for the interna-
tional protection of human
rights have successfully been set
up by the . European Convention
on. Human Rights, an interstate
agreement, which at present is

binding upon 15 Western .Euro-
pean states, he said.

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embourg, Britain, Italy, Austria
and the Federal Republic of Ger
many. A European commission and
a European court of human rights
were set up under the provisions
of this convention and are invested
with full jurisdiction to hear com-
plaints submitted by governments
or by individuals.
Dr. Golsong emphasized that, in
a great number of cases, satisfac-
tory solutions had been reached
even before the proceedings were
completed. He said that govern-
ments were "most anxious to avoid
a final judgment against them, and
were therefore willing to take uni-
laterial action, including a change
of legislation under attack, each
time there is a risk of losing the
case." -
Dr. Maurice L. Perlzweig, direc-
tor ofd the international affairs de-
partment of the WJC, addressing
the conference, pointed out that
the United Nations "has so far
failed to create effective ma-
chinery for the protection of hu-
man rights."
Describing the Universal

Declaration of Human Rights as
"an historic document which has
exercised an important moral in-
fluence," he said that its value
depended on the voluntary com-
pliance of governments, a n d
there had to be a binding cove-
nant.

In spite of "years of discussion
of the clauses of such a covenant,
there is still no effective agree-
ment on measures of implementa-
tion and no such agreement is yet
in sight," he stressed.

14 Firms Pr000se Plans
for N-Desalting Plant

(Direct JTA Teletype Wire
to The Jewi.h News)

WASHINGTON—Proposals for a
nuclear desalting plant which the
Unitcd States and Israel plan to
build jointly in. Israel have been
submitted by 14 United States
engineering firms.
The pilot plant is designed to de-
termine the feasibility of applica-
tion of nuclear energy to desalting
of sea water.

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remaining" African n a t i o n s
"should not be denied their right
to sovereignty."

The statement was made by
Israel's Deputy Prime Minister
Abba Eban, who arrived here to
take the place temporarily of the
ailing Israel foreign minister,
Mrs. Golda Meir. It was Eban's
first address to an Assembly since
1958, when he , left the post he had
held for years as Israel's perma-
nent representative.

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UN 2-2104

noted that he was here in the As- ences with many of the 58 foreign
sembly seven years ago when ministers and other leading world
Ghana was admitted to member- statesmen here for the Assembly.
ship, and he had welcomed that
new member on behalf of the In most of these talks he will be
Israel Government. He congratu- accompanied by Israel's permanent
lated both Quaison-Sackey and his delegation head, Ambassador
government upon the election to Michael Comay.
the presidency of the Assembly's
19th regular session.
"Ghana's admission," said Eban,
"has marked a cross-road of hist-
ory." This 'trend, he emphasized,
should be advanced by the grant-
ing of sovereignty and subsequent
admission to UN membership of
those African states still short of
full independence.

Eban pointed out that Malta was
Eban participated in the session
linked to Israel by "Mediterranean
devoted chiefly to congratulating
kinship."
the body's new president, Alex
Within less than 24 hours of his
Quaison-Sackey, of Ghana, and to
welcoming three new members ad- arrival, Eban plunged into ar-
mitted officially to the United Na- rangements for personal confer-
tions—Malawi and Zambia, both in
Africa and Malta.
—
The Israeli Cabinet member

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Governors Board
of Bnai, Brith Votes
to Rejoin
NCRAC
•
C

(Continued from Page 1)
rity and autonomy of its constitu-
ent members" was in keeping with
Bnai Brith policy "to encour-
aci.e and support cooperative ac-
tivity in Jewish community life."
He called it "an example of a
working and practical unity in
which all elements. and particular-
ly the community itself, stand to
gain."
Aaron Goldman, of Washington,
national chairman of the NCRAC,
welcomed the announcement by
Bnai Brith that its board of gov-
ernors had approved rejoining the
NCRAC, subject to ,gmilar action
by the national comAssion of the
ADL. He said "this is the most wel-
come and gratifying step toward
more effective cooperation among
Jewish community relations agen-
cies engaged in pursuit of a com-
mon cause."
The Bnai Brith board of gover-
nors adopted a new budget, high-
est in the organization's 121-year
history. The board voted $9,476,000
for 1965. This includes $4,339,000
for the youth program next year—
a jump of more than $262.000 over
current expenditures. The board
also endorsed a proposal to in-
augurate a campaign for a $5,000,.
000 development fund as a major
step toward meeting the growing
needs of the expanding number of
Jewish teen-agers and college stu-
dents.
Monsignor George C. Higgins,
of the National Catholic Welfare
Council, predicted in an address
to the board of governors that the
next session of the Ecumenical
Council would overwhelmingly ap-
prove declarations on deicide and
religious liberty. "The crisis, if
anything, tended to galvanize sup-
port for the resolution rather than
weaken it," said Msgr. Higgins,
who participated in the Council
held in Rome.
"When they get down to the
finish vote line, most of the nega-

tive votes will evaporate," he said.
"I hope and pray, once the doc-
trine is promulgated, it will be

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UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. (JTA)
—Israel told the United Nations

Among these states are the General Assembly that, now that
Scandinavian and Benelux coun- almost all of Africa's peoples were
tries, Belgium, Netherlands, Lux- independent of colonialism, "the

OPEN: SUNDAY

•
•
•
•

Ehan Advocates Independence for All African Nations

the beginning of a new era" in
Catholic-Jewish relations. He cau-
tioned Bnai Brith against expect-
ing any dramatic changes. "No
doctrine is going to change the
face of the earth between Monday

and Tuesday," he said.
Asked whether the deicide dec-
laration would lead to revision of
parochial school textbooks which
"sometimes reflect anti-Semitism,

he replied: "I would expect it to
lead to all kinds of activities at the
local diocesan level in refining all
that needs to be refined, including
the reforming of textbooks." Im-
plementation, he said, would vary

from place to place, depending on
the "experience and initiative of
the people involved."

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