1st Auschwitz Escapee to Tell World
of Atrocities Testifies at Trial of 22

FRANKFURT (JTA) — Rudolf
Vrba, the first man to give the
world an eye-witness account of
the mass murder at . the Ausch-
witz concentration camp when he
escaped from there in 1944, testi-
fied at the trial of 22 Auschwitz
guards charged with war crimes.
Vrba, a Czech Jew who was born
Walter Rosenberg, corroborated
the testimony by Auschwitz ex-
perts during the 11-month trial
that up to 25.000 victims were
gassed daily during the peak op
eration of the death camp.

his report on the camp in 1944
was brought to the attention of
President Franklin D. Roosevelt,
Prime Minister Winston Church-
ill and Pope Pous XII and was
used in an attempt to warn the
Jews of Hungary what was in
store for them at the hands of
Adolf Eichmann.
Vrba, who is now a biochemist
in England. was sent to Auschwitz
at thee age of 17 in 1942, and
worked there as a -slave laborer
handling the baggage of newly ar-
rived prisoners.
After months of watching untold
thousands of Jews sent to their
deaths, Vrba and another man
made one, of the few successful
escapes from Auschwitz and
reached Czechoslovakia. There he
met with the papal nuncio and
drew up his report of Nazi atroci-
ties in Auschwitz, which convinced
the Allies that Hitler meant to
carry out his threats of , murdering
world Jewry.
Earlier in the trial, an Amer-
ican survivor of the camp de-
scribed weeks of systematic
torture he suffered at the hands

-

.

AUTOLOANS

$4

(Direct JTA Teletype Wire
from Modin, where it had been lit
to The Jewish News)
JERUSALEM—President Shazar at the graves of. the Maccabees.
kindled the third Hanukah candle More than 2,000 Maccabi runners
Tuesday night with a torch carried relayed to all parts of Israel
of Perry Brod, one of the guards send to the Auschwitz death camp. by Maccabi runners to Jerusalem torches lit at Modin.
on trial.
Philip von Freudiger, whose
In his testimony, Joseph Neu- duties in 1944 included negotia-'
mann, of Skokie, Ill., said that one tions with Eichmann, accused No-
of his most gruelling jobs in the vak of having personally directed
Birkenau section of the camp had the transport of 1,500 Jewish men,
been to make a daily count of the women and children from Camp
• as,
t
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inmates who had committed sui- Kistrarcsa to Auschwitz. Novak
'
ONLY
"-
-4"i!sept
has
denied
that
he
knew
of
the
cide by flinging themselves against
7 41;
Nazi
plan
to
kill
every
Jew
seized
*,‘
siaa
the electric fence. He said there
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were "10 or 12 such cases each in the lightning conquests of
European countries during World
day."
Sq. Yd.
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He also described a dramatic War II.
Freudiger also testified that two
escape attempt in which a block
leader took part and was killed Jews who escaped from Auschwitz
sent SOS messages to Britain and
Luxurious Hi-Pile Woven with the Finest Wool
while aiding others to escape.
Stanislas Kaminski. a Warsaw the United States asking them to
Yarn. A Fine Selection of Newest Decorator
journalist and another survivor of bomb the railroad lines on which
Shades Available!
I
the
death
transports
were
rolling
the camp, told the court that
"shooting, drowning and the beat- but that nobody "had an ear' . for
ing of inmates to death by the the appeals. Novak is on trial on
guards was part of our daily charges of -complicity in thousands
of Nazi murders.
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He accused another defendant,

Klaus Dylewski, of ordering the

President Johnson
Urged to Act on
USSR Anti-Semitism

guards in charge of the punish-
ment company to dispose of all
the Jews. He said they had been
savagely beaten to death in the
NEW YORK (JTA)—President
camp gravel pits.
Johnson and Secretary of State
Noting that about 20 of the in- ' Dean Rusk were requested by Rab-

mates were killed with special
bestiality, Kaminsky told the court
that the guards trampled on the
throats of those who had been
beaten down. He described an in-
cident in which one of the inmate
trustees had attempted to put in
a good word for a Jewish youth
and was immediately shot by
Dylewski.
A Vienna court, trying Franz
Novak. the SS officer who served
as head of the late Adolf Eich-
rnann's. transport bureau for send-
ing Jews to their deaths at Ausch-
witz. was told he was so zealous in
doing his job that he even ob-
structed orders from Eichmann's
highest superior, Heinrich Hinun-

lf•r .

bi Maurice N. Eisendrath, presi-
dent of the Union of American
Hebrew Coingregations. to place
the problem of Soviet anti-Semi-
tism on a list of "humanitarian
priorities."
' With his letters to the President
rand Rusk. Rabbi Eisendrath sent
some documentary- evidence, prov-
ing that. under the new Soviet re-
gime, anti-Jewish policies have
been stepped up.
The Reform leader included
among his documents a reproduc-
tion of a cartoon that appeared in
a recent issue of Izvestia, organ of
the Soviet government. Rabbi Ei-
sendrath said that cartoon was
"clearly anti-Jewish and anti-Is-
rael." He charged also that a- So-
viet official. newly promoted to the
presidium of the Soviet Com-
munist Party, is the man who.
under Nikita Khrushchev, conduct-
ed the campaign against Jews
charged with "economic crimes."
and frequently executed on such
charges. The man is Aleksander I,
Shelepin, former head of the So-
viet secret police.

Andreas Biss, an underground
Zionist leader in Hungary at the
time Novak worked there under
Eichmann, testified that. in 1944.
Ilimmler had made a deal for
sending 500 Hungarian Jews to
Switzerland. in exchange for a
payment totaling 5200.000.
Per Year
But Novak reversed the ruling
(to qualified applicants)
from Himmler. Biss said. shipping
most of those Jews to their deaths
See Mr. Mosher
at the Bergen-Belsen camp. Both
•pen Mon. thru Sat. Till 4:30
Australian Communists
Eichmann and Novak. Biss testi-
fied, were constantly opposed to Deplore Delayed Action
NATIONAL BANK
any proposals for rescuing Jews.
Against Persecution
OF SOUTHFIELD
A former member of the Buda-
17000 W. 8 MILE RD.
MELBOURNE, Australia (JTA i
pest Jewish Council who nego- Two
leading Australian Commu-
EL 7-1300
tiated several times with Novak nists declared that their party had
NEAR NORTHLAND
estified that Novak certainly knew not acted quickly enough in con-
of the fate of those he helped to demning Soviet harrassment of
Russian Jewry, and expressed con-
cern that such problems were still
4 PERSONALIZED SERVICE ""
unresolved.
Bernard Taft and Rex Mortimer.
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both members of the party's cen-
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Torch From Maccahee Shrine Lights Candles

Mortimer. editor 'of the Com-
munist weekly, "Guardian," of :Mel-
bourne, who has just returned
from the Soviet Union. expressed
satisfaction 'that Lord Bertrand
Russell, the British philosopher,
had listed the Australian party as
one of the . Communist groups

which publicly criticized anti-Se-
mitie literature in the Soviet
Union.
He then expressed "regret that
the Australian Communist Party
on the surface was not more active
in taking initiatives 'on this ques-
tion." Speaking in his capacity
as co-editor of the Marxist quarter-
ly journal." "Arena," Mortimer
4C intimated he was willing to accept
a comprehensive article on the dis
criminations against Jews in the
Soviet Union.

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Friday, December 4, 1964-9

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