1,000 Acres in Galilee Reclaimed for Settlement Highly Informative VVischnitzer Book Issued by JPS on 'European Synagogue Architecture' From its earliest beginnings to the present, the European syna- gogue had its architectural at- tractiveness and has retained hiS- torical significance for the unique- ness of many structures. In our own time there has been a systematic destruction of many synagogues, and because of the losses sustained it is even more vital than ever that the story of the European synagogue should be retained. This is ably accomplished in the new Jewish Publication Society volume, "The Architecture of the European Synagogue," by Rachel Wischnitzer In addition to a very informative introductory essay, Mrs. Wischnit- zer, who teaches the history of art at Yeshiva University, devotes her very impressive work to eval- uative studies of the Temple-ori- ented synagogue of Roman times. the 12th to 15th centuries' Ark and Bimah creations, the Central Bim- ah of that period, the Sephardi Two-Pole Pattern, Eastern and Central European architectural forms, monolithic and other de- signs. The 246 illustrations in this work contribute greatly towards a better appreciation of the ma- terial introduced so authorita- tively and expertly by Mrs. Wis- chnitzer. The author shows when and why certain stylistic forms were adopt- ed by the synagogue planners. There is an interesting note in her introduction that "the rabbis did not object to Jewish craftsmen working alongside non-Jews on construction projects. However, Jews were cautioned to abstain from working on a basilica which was intended to house a court of capital offenses because of the as- sociation of such tribunals with harsh trials and brutal executions. Jews who achieved prominence in architecture are listed, and in this connection Mrs. Wischnitzer writes: "Concerning the role of the Jewish artisan in the develop- ment of synagogue architecture, it should be remembered that the building trades controlled by the medieval guilds denied ad- mission to Jews. Jewish build- ers could hardly have obtained the specialized training which the trade demanded. There are some references to Jewish build- ers in ancient and medieval scources: A Jewish synagogue builder appears in Prague in the 17th century and several names of Jewish builders are preserved from I8th-century Poland. But it was not until the 19th century, when the Jews were afforded broader educational opportuni- ties and the architectural profes- sion was democratized, that the Jewish architect became gener- ally acceptable." Students of Jewish history, arch- itects and all who are interested in religious developments will find the Wischnitzer volume of special merit. All laymen, however, who have an interest in the synagogue and the building' styles of houses of worship will find this a great work that will inspire them. Mrs. Wischnitzer points out: "In every place and every period the synagogue sought a physical ex- pression for its liturgical and social needs, using the available struc- tural forms, building materials, and style of the time and place. Style was not something detach- able from structure, stone, brick or wood. It was trained in their guild traditions." She observes that "what we look for in a religious building is not only style, which is the product of the environment, but also the meaning of forms." There is a very telling comment on the current European syna- gogue constructions. Mrs. ,Wisch- nitzer writes: Camden Jewish Population "The synagogue in Europe today is in a state of reconstruction. The Doubles in the Last 15 Years architects—mostly younger men CAMDEN, N.J. (JTA) The who carry out the new programs population of the Jewish commu- financed by the War Damage Com- nity served by the Jewish Federa- mission, the German provincial tion of Camden County has dou- governments and cities, and other bled in the last 15 years, number- agencies—speak a rather sober, ing a total of 14,965 persons as of wide-awake idiom in terms of con- last January, and constituting 3.5 crete and glass. There are a few per cent of the total population daring exceptions, and it is hard of the area, it was reported this to predict the direction in which week. The area includes parts of synagogue architecture in Europe Burlington County as well as will move from now on. It is hoped Mapleshade, Moor estown and that the synagogue will meet the Cimmaninson. challenge of social and artistic ideas in a spirit of free and happy THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS emulation." Friday, November 27, 1964-9 Full ONLY The 4,110 "dunams" which have been reclaimed not only have pro- vided existing settlements with additional land, but have made possible preparations for the build- ing of six new settlements, includ- ing two semi-urban centers. The first of these,-Biranit, will be turned over this year to Nahal (Army Pioneer Corps) for a period of one year, after which, the first LOO permanent families, primarily new immigrants and civil servants, are expected to move in. Want Ads Bring Results! Like BRANDY ? c c a dilly Cocktail's got it! 11 4 9 cm:. : 2, PR QUART UNITED BRANDS . DETROIT . U.S.A. See Our Large Selection of 99c FROM 25 c UP Headquarters For: • Candles • Streamers • Gift Wrap • Greetings Cards • Mobiles • Dreidels • Chanukah Chocolate 'Gels' Coins NM NM imaumswime COUPON No ma on ow A Chanukah Gift for You! With this coupon and $2 purchase or over of Chanukah Decorations & Gift Wrap. A BEAUTIFUL ISRAELI CHALAH COVER • i Reform Leader -Attacks Israel Orthodox Policy of the Galilee development pro- gram, Weitz informed reporters that over 17 miles of approach roads and 151/2 miles of field paths have also been constructed. MENORAHSMENORAHS King Solomon 's W se Decision woman died in the night and she From 1 Kings 3:16-28 Two women of ill fame came to took my child from my side while the king and stood before him, I slept, and laid it in her bosom and the one woman said: "0, my and laid her dead child in my osom. Thus when I arose toward lord, this woman and I dwell i n b the same house, and I gave birth morning to nurse my child, behold, to a child while she was there. it was dead; but when I was able , t examine it closely in the morn- Then, on the third day after I was ing, behold, it was not my child delivered, this woman also gave birth to a child and we were to- which I had borne." Whereupon the other woman gether, there being no stranger present. But the child of this said: "No, but the living child is mine and the dead child is your child." But the first woman was saying at the same time: "No, but the liv- ing child is mine and the dead child is your child." Thus they spoke before the king. Then the king said: "This one NEW YORK, N.Y. -- Reform Jews were called upon to break declares, 'This is my child, the their "silence" and face up to the living one, and your child is dead.' problem of breaking the Orthodox And the other declares, 'No; but "stranglehold" in the state of Isra- your son is the dead and my son el, especially pertaining to church- is the living.' So get me a sword." And they brought in a sword state relations. before the king. The king then In a sharp statement to the said: "Cut the living child in two board of trustees meeting at Hotel and give half to one and half to Delmonico, Rabbi Maurice N. the other." Eisendrath, president of the Union the woman to whom the liv- of American Hebrew Congrega- ing But child really belonged spoke to tions said: "We have been far too hesitant and silent in confronting the king—for her motherly ten- this very real menace to our strug- derness was aroused for her son —and she said: "0, my lord, give gling Israeli progressive movement her the living child, and by no and to the welfare even of the very survival of Israel itself," adding, means slay it." The other, however, interrupted: 'the ever-emboldened audacity of "It shall be neither mine nor yours! entrenched political orthodoxy Divide it!" must be more vigorously and cour- Then the king answered and ageously countered." said: "Give her (the first woman) The Reform Jewish leader said the living child, and by no means that conversations this summer slay it, for she is its mother." with Israel government leaders Now when all Israel heard of and Israelis concluded that Reform the judgment that the king had Jews should "no longer be silent rendered, they stood in awe of the and do everything in their power king; for they perceived that the to break the stranglehold." wisdom of God was in him to ad- "Our silence and hesitancy have minister justice. been predicated on the false no- tion that we were thereby harming Because of three types of men Israel and possibly precipitating . a the Almighty weeps daily, and of 'aur Kampf that would divide these three the worst is the pre- Its people. This fallacious supposi- siding elder who acts haughtily tion is not shared by most Isra- toward his congregation. —The Talmud. elis," he said. SAFED—More than 1,000 acres —10 per cent more than had been predicted—have been reclaimed by the Jewish National Fuld for agricultural settlement in Central Galilee, Joseph Weitz, chairman of the Council of the Land Develop- ment Authority, announced at a recent press tour. Reviewing the JNF's achieve- ments since the launching last year IIIM MI of UM BIM MN NM NO MI ME WM ME NIB MB MI Free Illustrated Chanukah Catalogue on Request SPECIAL! SPECIAL! SPECIAL! 20 ASSORTED ISRAELI HANUKAH GREETING CARDS Reg. NOW ONLY $1.00 w9c RECORD CLEARANCE SALE Values FROM to 5.00 99c UP NOW AVAILABLE: Zero Mostel's "FIDDLER ON THE ROOF" New Record by Allen Sherman "FOR SWINGIN'. 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