Israel's Humanitarian Aspects of Penology
Reviewed in Prof. Eaton's 'Prisons in Israel'
Brandeis Gets $250,000 Gift from Philanthropist
WALTHAM, Mass. (JTA) —
Joseph Kosow, a Boston financier,
has contributed $250,000 to Bran-
deis University toward construc-
tion of a new four-story bioohem-
istry building, the university an-
nounced.
The Kosow Biochemistry Build-
ing, according to Brandeis offi-
cials, will be one of two such struc-
tures in the Gerstenzang Science
Quadrangle, which will quadruple
the university's science facilities.
The National Science Founda-
tion and the National Institutes of
Health have provided $2,500,000 in
matching funds for the overall
construction of the $9,500,000
quadrangle.
There are many Jewish ethical "are reflected by the existence preface is an addendum of great
concepts that contribute greatly of decided preference for reforma- merit.
towrds the code of justice incor- tion rather than retribution; the
The Israeli justice joins with
porated in our traditions.
inclination of most Israeli judges Prof. Eaton in paying honor to
One of them is Zedakah—justice. to adjust their sentences more to the memory of Edmond Fitzgerald,
There is no equivalent for charity the nature of the criminal rather chief probation officer of Brook-
PLANNING
in the Hebraic vocabulary. It is than his crime; the employment of lyn, N.Y., who assisted Israel in
justice that motiviates Jewish a variety of reform-oriented penal the establishment of its penal sys-
A WEDDING?
actions and the term for it is policies, including fines, suspended tem and in pursuing a thorough
A BAR MITZVAH?
zedakah.
sentences, short-term imprison- study of it.
Stating
that
there
is
no
better
REMEMBER . . .
Then there is derekh eretz. It ment, and sentence remission; the
means respect and must begin with encouragement of communication substitute available for prisons in
self-respect. Derekh eretz is the between the inmates and their the enforcement of law, Justice
Music the Stein-Way
very basis for etiquette.
families and friends; and the Cohn expresses the firm belief
SAVES THE DAY!
that
"in
a
humane
and
progres-
And we also have rahmanuth- granting of brief furloughs for par-
DICK STEIN
compassion—with which the re- ticipation in family festivals and sive community the use to be
For Fine
& ORCHESTRA
made of this necessary evil must
viewer concerns himself primarily job hunting."
Color Movies Call
be restricted to an absolute min-
at this time in view of the Jewish
"There is," Prof. Eaton writes,
and Israeli humanitarian codes
"only the beginning of parole imum: it should be used only as a
so well delineated in a splendid services. Most prisoners are re- last resort, when no other sanction
book, "Prisons in Israel," by leased without parole supervi- is in any way likely to be instru-
mental in attaining one of the
Joseph W. Eaton, professor of sion."
legitimate purposes of punish-
socal work research and sociology
Prof. Eaton offers this added ment."
at the University of Pittsburgh,
Justice Cohn states: "The depri-
published by the University of comment: "Penal reformists in
Israel as elsewhere are not in vation of a man's liberty necesss-
Pittsburgh Press.
favor of leniency as such, but arily implies the deprivation of
Prof. Eaton's study combines they are in favor of a rational ap- his usual work, his family life, and
research into penology as well as proach to the control of criminal all sorts of normal and legitimate
prison procedures and attitudes deviants. When leniency is pro- amenities, of which to deprive a
towards prisoners in Israel. It is posed, it is based on evidence or man is quite inconsistent with any
supplemented by a scholarly pre- the assumption that lengthy im- notion of his dignity as a human
face by Israel Supreme Court prisonment or other forms of pun- being; and, what is worse, it in-
Justice Haim H. Cohn whose com- ishment do not deter others from flicts great hardship and suffer-
ments add greatly to an under- committing the same crime. Nor ing on his spouse and children
standing of Israel's attitudes and do they necessarily facilitate the and parents, who must of course
reforms of the criminal . . ."
be presumed to be quite innocent
procedures.
* * *
of his misdeeds. I submit that the
Reviewing the events which led
Tracing the history of prisons only crime situation in which no
to Israel's independence and the
responsibilities that emerged with in that area, Prof. Eaton points alternatitve sanction is available
national sovereignty in the as- out that prior to Israel's establish- or effective, and imprisonment
sumption of a prison system that ment the prisoners were mainly therefore legitimate, is where the
was left by the British, Prof. political and their acts were in public must by all means be pro-
Eaton pays tribute to Israel's "at- many instances those of patriotism. tected from probably recurring
titude of Rahmanuth" which he Israel, he explains, "is a country acts of violence."
He maintains that "society
views as being "reinforced by the in which within the memory of
owes a duty even to those whom
reformist orientation of both soc- living men resistance to many laws
the previous mandatory (Brit-
it must imprison for its protect-
ialism and Zionism." He asserts: of
"Socialism assumes that the ills of ish) and Turkish rulers was seen tion. The duty is to reduce the
evil of imprisonment to a min-
the lower classes (from which as patriotism. Law enforcement
. imum.
most criminals are derived) can be was systematically undermined."
With the emergence of Israel
A highly idealistic note is struck
cured by sound economic measu-
there
began a study in penology. in Justice Cohn's concluding state-
res. Zionism views Jewish state-
hood not as an end, but as a "In 1956 a United Nations survey ment:
"Israel stands just at the thres-
means for the attainment of a of criminological services in Israel
high moral order. Israel was not resulted in the establishment of hold of the storerooms she builds
established only to serve the wel- the Intstitute of Criminology at for her strength and virtues, in
Open 9:30 to 5:00 Daily
fare of its citizens; it was estab- the Hebrew University in Jeru- coming generations to unfold
lished also to bring about the phy- salem . . . Several criminological themselves. It is because of the in-
have been made that have domitable will of a long-persecut-
72nd AUGUST MINK SALE
sical and spiritual redemption of studies
a
bearing
on critical prison man- ed people to be free masters of
Jewish minority groups all over the
problems. An undergrad- their own destiny, and to take at
world, many of whom have lived agement
In accordance with their tradition, the Dittrich's have
uate training program in crimin- long last their legitimate place
under duress for centuries."
again REDUCED prices on EVERY fur. Dittrich ele-
ology
has
been
established
at
Bar-
among
the
free
nations
of
the
*
gance, Dittrich quality and Dittrich craftsmanship are
earth, that Israel is determined to
Emphasizing the humanitarian Ilan University near Tel Aviv."
now at August Savings for the 72nd year.
make a success of independence
These
efforts
are
reflected
also
idealism of Israel, Prof. Eaton re-
and sovereignty; and her govern-
in
the
convening
of
the
Twelfth
fers to Theodor Herzl's novel "Alt-
From
Course in Criminol- ment and people are ambitious and
Neuland" ("Old-New Land") in International
ogy organized in collaboration with idealistis enough not to fail the
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political Zionist movement ex- inology, at the Hebrew University tire in their efforts to make life
pressed this hope and augury for in Jerusalem, in 1962, and the better and happier."
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the future:
Prof. Eaton's "Prisons in Israel"
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participants from 37 countries ad-
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"We can truly say that our opted a resolution "that the devel- is a work that commends itself not
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system makes men again of the oping countries adopt the system, only for study by penologists but
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of Israel's humanitarian objec-
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ial approaches to criminals, the
Thus, Israel is viewed as a lab- tives. P.S.
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author of this very valuable study oratory "available for the exam-
states that while Israel's legal ination of general policy ques- Moscow Announces
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structure is traditional, "the sys- tions that remain unanswered."
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Production
of
Film
tem's spirit reflects the ethos of Israel's penal innovations are judg-
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the new state." He offers inter- ed as evolving from "development on USSR Jewish Life
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esting data to show the applica- patterns of all social momevents,"
MOSCOW (JTA) — An agree-
tion of professional standards with emphasis on the Zionist ideol- ment was signed here between
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"within the framework of a sci- ogy of social idealism.
Orient-Film, an Israeli film com-
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* * *
entific ideology."
pany, and the film unit of the
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declares,
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Prof. Eaton's study is replete Soviet Novosti News Agency for
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"rather than revenge is the prin- with analyses of various aspects the joint production of a film de-
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cipal method for weighing alter• of penology and prison reforms. picting the life of the Soviet Jews.
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nate prison policies. These Israel's experiences in the past 15 Work on the film, which is des-
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changes in emphasis are reflect- years, the Damoun prison break cribed as a "documentary," is ex-
ed in the abolition of the death of April 1962, the leniency of pected to begin next February. A
PRICES INCLUDE ALL TAXES
penalty, except for genocide and judges, the furloughs for prisoners secretary at the Israel Embassy
treason, and the abolition of that proved so workable, are was present during the signing of
All Items Subject to Previous Sate
among the many aspects that en- the agreement between the two
flogging."
He also indicates that "many rich this study.
film groups.
The wisdom of Israel's actions
policy makers are conservatitve in
A monument has been erected
their advocacy of costly reform" is reflected, as Prof. Eaton points by the City Council of Pinsk for
out
in
its
penologists'
comprehen-
because they would require bud-
the Jewish martyrs of that city, it
getary increases, and he adds: sion "that prisons are a palliative, was reported here today. The
"Most of their energy is expended not a cure for the control of crim- monument was dedicated on the
in keeping the system stable and inals."
occasion of the 20th anniversary
The statistics offered add to an of the liberation of Byelorussia. It
capable of housing its inmates
under conditions least likely to understanding of the issue. The was also reported from Minsk that
explanations of the rise in crimes the City Council there named a
give rise to notoriety."
* * *
since the influx of new types of street for a Jewish hero of the
WO 1-9100
2341 Grand River at Vernor
Correctional efforts motivate immigrants from Afro-Asian lands Soviet Union named Moshkowski
Customer Parking Lot Adjoining
the high social aspirations of the assist in an understanding of the who fell in action in 1939.
professionals who are engaged in subject as evaluated by the author
Dependability by the Dittrich family since 1893
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
emphasizing t h e humanitarian of this book.
Friday,
August
14,
1964
31
...Fur
products
Labeled to Show Country of Origin of Imported Furs
Supreme
Court
Justice
Cohn's
ideals. The trends, he explains,
SID SIEGEL
LI 74770
DI 1-6990