Thousands View Treblinka Monument
Symbolic Stones Unveiled
at Site of Infamous Ovens
TREBLINKA, Poland (JTA) — With solemn rites con-
cluded with the recitation of the Kaddish and El Moleh
Rachamim, 15,000 to 18,000 persons, including a large delega-
tion of Jewish leaders from abroad, participated here in the
dedication of a monument to 800,000 Jews murdered by the
Nazis at the infamous Treblinka concentration camp and gas
chambers.
The ceremonies took four are depicted, reminiscent of the
hours, during which impas- means of transport wherewith the
sioned addresses were deliv- Jews were brought here, directly
the gas ovens.
ered by Polish officials and a to At
the entrance to the monu-
leader of the Polish Jewish ment, there are inscriptions in six
community. Two hundred languages, including Yiddish, not-
wreaths were laid at the foot ing the fact that, here, 800,000
of the monument by various Jews had been murdered by the
official participants ranging Nazis. •
Treblinka is only one — but the
from representatives of Polish
Jewish youth clubs to Dr. Na- most important — of a series of
monuments being erected in vari-
hum Goldmann.
ous parts of Poland by the Council
The latter had come here on
invitation of the Polish authorities
as president of the World Jewish
Congress and chairman of the Con-
ference on Jewish Material Claims
Against Germany.
Many 'leaders agreed that the
unveiling of the imposing monu-
ment was the most impressive
commemorative event conduct-
ed in this country since 1948,
when the monument to the War-
saw Ghetto rebellion was dedi-
cated on the edge of the ghetto
in Poland's capital.
The monument, situated on the
very spot where the gas ovens had
stood and beneath which the ashes
of hundreds of thousands of mar-
tyred Jews were interred by the
Nazis, features a large stone hold-
ing a huge menorah.
Surrounding the central stone
are smaller stones, symbolic of
thousands of tombstones. These
are engraved with the names of
all cities and villages from which
the Polish Jewish victims of Tre-
blinka had been rounded up.
A group of 11 stones symbolizes
the 11 countries in Europe from
which the Nazis had brought Jews
here for murder. Railroad tracks
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for the Protection of Monuments
to Resistance and Martyrdom,
marking the sites where Nazi
atrocities and mass murders had
been committed.
Two miles from this monument
to the Jewish dead, another me-
morial was unveiled later in honor
of 10,000 Poles executed by the
Nazis at that spot.
High Polish military and ci-
vilian officials took part in the
ceremonies, with Dr. Goldmann
a participant in the official un-
veiling. Delegations and special
guests had come to the rites
from at least 10 countries. From
early morning, many thousands
of Jews and Poles, with Jewish
youth clubs prominent among
them, came here by bus, bicycle
and other means of transport to
attend the ceremonies.
The principal addresses were
delivered by Prof. Stanislaw Tur-
ski, rector of Warsaw University,
who is chairman of the committee
of monument patrons; Vice Minis-
ter Janusz Wieczorek, president of
the Council for Protection of Mon-
uments to the Resistance and Mar-
tyrdom; and S'alof Sishground, rep-
resenting the Social and Cultural
Association of the Jews in Poland.
A military band had opened the
proceedings with solemn music.
Diplomatic representatives par-
ticipating in the rites included
Israel's Ambassador D. Sappath,
and his entire staff; the ambassa-
dors from Austria and Greece; and
representatives from the embas-
sies of Czechoslovakia and Yugo-
slavia.
Among the Jewish representa-
tives from abroad, in addition to
Dr. Goldmann, were Dr. Moises
Goldman, of Buenos Aires, repre-
senting the organized Jewish com-
munities of Argentina; Dr. Ger-
hard M. Riegner, World Jewish
Congress director of coordination
at Geneva; Armand Kaplan, of
Paris, director of the French sec-
tion of the WJC.
Also, Charles Jordan and Akiva
Kahane, representing the Joint
Distribution Committee; Sir Bar-
nett J a n n e r, president of the
Board of Deputies of British Jews;
James P. Rice, executive director
of United Hias Service, and G.
Jacobson, that organization's Euro-
pean director; Dr. Moses Rosen,
chief rabbi of Romania; Dr. Erwin
Hayman, of Geneva; Frantisek
Ehrmann, president of the Jewish
Community of Prague; and Dr.
Bruno Kaplan, of Stockholm, rep-
resenting the Swedish Treblinka
Committee.
There were also representatives
of the Jewish Community of Vien-
na and of the Workmen's Circle
and the Memorial Committee of
London.
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
Friday, May 15, 1964
8
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The support of the Polish gov-
ernment to Jewish organizations
in Poland to maintain their
schools, theaters and other Jew-
ish cultural institutions was
lauded by Dr. Goldmann.
He spoke at a reception, which
marked the close of the visit,
given by Wieczorek.
Dr. Goldmann also expressed
the "deep appreciation" of the
Jewish people for the great effort
which the Polish government and
people were making to keep alive
the memory of the millions of
martyrs who perished in the Nazi
extermination centers. Such ef-
forts, he said, merited the fullest
recognition and support on behalf
of Jewish public opinion.
The Poles and the Jews were
the two peoples who had suffered
most during World War II, he
added. He said there was no deeper
bond than the solidarity wrought
by common suffering, a solidarity
which should guide the two peoples
to work together in a common
front against racism, fascism and
intolerance.
On the last day of the visit, Dr.
Goldmann and the World Jewish
Congress delegation made a trip
to the site of the former Warsaw
Ghetto. They placed wreaths on
the monument commemorating the
Warsaw Ghetto revolt and spent
several hours in the Jewish His-
torical Institute.
Jew Files Complaint
Against Ex-Nazi Who
Used Victim's Name
AMSTERDAM (JTA) — A rela-
tive of a Belgian jewel merchant
deported to his death in Ausch-
witz lodged a formal complaint
with Viennese authorities against
a former SS general who deported
the victim and then lived in Aus-
tria for three years under the
victim's identity.
The complaint w a s filed by
Adolf Thau, 69, brother-in-law of
Isaac Meisels, against Jan Ver-
belen, who has been under arrest
in Vienna for more than a year
on war crimes charges. Verbelen,
who served during the Nazi occu-
pation of Belgium, was sentenced
to death in absentia in Belgium.
He fled and turned up in Vienna,
and escaped extradition by taking
Austrian citizenship.
Meisels was deported from Am-
sterdam in 1943 to the Nazi con-
centration camp in Drancy, France,
and presumably murdered. Mei-
sel's relatives in Amsterdam have
heard nothing from him since the
deportation. Verbelen was found
to have used Meisel's identity
papers and other documents.
* * *
from West Germany to avoid trial
in a Nazi euthanasia case, for
political asylum in Argentina.
Bohne was one of four former
officials of the Hitler program for
disposing of Germans deemed un-
fit to live. An estimated 200,000
persons were put to death in the
program. Bohne jumped bail and
escaped before the trial began in
Limburg.
Argentine President Arturo
responding to an appeal from Wes\ \
Germany in March, agreed to
Bohne's extradition. The former
Nazi began a court fight to pre-
vent his being returned to Lim-
burg.
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Argentina Nixes Asylum
to German Trial Fugitive
BUENOS AIRES, (JTA) — A
Buenos Aires court rejected an
appeal by Gerhard Bohne, who fled
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