The Tortured Prisoners
The Auschwitz Trial
Syrian Brutalities Exposed
by Our Jerusalem Correspondent on Page 9
An Authoritative Report by
JTA's Frankfurt Correspondent on Page 10
U. S. Interest
Weizmann
Institute
E JEWISH NEWS
USSR Secret of
Jews Who
Suffered
Under Nazism
Editorials
Page 4
VOLUME XLIV —
R c)
-r
A Weekly Review
Michigan's
No. 21
NA
of Jewish Events
Only English-Jewish Newspaper—Incorporating The Detroit Jewish Chronicle
Printed in a
100% Union Shop
17100 W. 7 Mile Rd.—VE 8-9364—Detroit 35, January
17,
Lowdermilk
Exposes
Arab
Blunders
Over Water
Project
Conunentary
Page 2
1964—$6.00 Per Year; This Issue 20c
U. S. Aid for Israel, Positive
Word from USSR, Abstention of
Lebanon Stymie Cairo Sessions
As the Cairo sessions of the Arab League
progress, since their opening on Monday with
vitriolic speeches by Nasser and his cohorts,
it became evident that the invention of the
sponsors of the sessions was, primarily, to
seek Arab unity, which they were unable to
obtain until now.
It is also speculated that Nasser himself,
having failed to secure the cooperation of
other Arab states in the establishment of an
Arab empire, hopes to attain the leadership
he aspires to through the current sessions.
There also is agreement that through these
sessions he hopes to be able to "get out from
Details of Nazi Crimes Exposed While
Defendants at Trial Assert 'Innocence'
FRANKFURT—Pery Broad, 42, a former Nazi guard at the Auschwitz murder
camp, joined other defendants Monday in insisting he had not taken part in the
under the embarrassment" he created for
himself by his unsuccessful campaign in
Yemen.
American support of Israel's water proj-
ect, stemming from the endorsement that had
been given to the proposals of the late Eric
Continued on Page 38
USSR Commutes Rabbi's Sentence
to Life Imprisonment; High Ranking
Jewish Red Army General Loses Post
LONDON—The death sentence meted out in the Soviet Union several months
killing which took place regularly. Between three- and four million victims, most
ago to Rabbi Benjamin Gavrilov of Piatigorsk, who had been convicted of partici-
of them Jews, perished at the camp.
pation in alleged economic crimes, has been commuted to 15 years imprisonment,
Broad, who was born in Brazil, was confronted by the court with statements
according to a Moscow dispatch received here Tuesday.
by 11 witnesses that he took part in the system by which new arrivals at Ausch-
The report emanating from Novosty, an official Soviet news agency, stated
witz were picked for immediate gassing.
that the rabbi's sentence had been reduced by the Superior Court of the Russian
Broad, one of 22 defendants on trial in West Germany's biggest Nazi war
crimes trials since the Nuremberg tribunals, insisted he had "witnessed three or Soviet Federated Republic, largest component of the USSR. The same commutation
was granted by the court to a second man given the death sentence in the same
four selections only because I happened to pass the ramp where new transports
case, a Russian named A. Kazarov, Novosty reported.
had just arrived."
Political circles here familiar with the persecutions of Jews in the Soviet
One reason the Nazis at Auschwitz shot Jews was to eliminate "crowding" of
Union noted that there were worldwide repercussions as a result of the death
the concentration camp by too many Jews, Klaus Dylewski, 4'7, testified Tuesday.
sentence originally imposed on Rabbi Gavrilov. He had been one of ten men and
He denied he had done any killing but admitted to the court that at times he
the only Jew involved in a trial held last summer at Stavropol for alleged em-
ordered prisoners into solitary confinement and at other times he read out orders
bezzlement of goods and the sale of the stolen materials on the black market as
publicly for the execution of some of the inmates.
well as "speculation."
Dylewski is one of the defendants charged with murder and complicity in the
The trial of two Soviet Jews, accused of being members of a group which
torture and murder of between 2,500,000 and 4,000,000 Auschwitz inmates, most
committed "economic crimes" by "exploiting mental patients" to produce knitwear
of them Jews.
which yielded an "illegal profit" of about $2,5000,000, has been going on secretly
Dylewski told the court he saw inmates being led to the execution wall and
for about two weeks, although it was previously indicated in the Soviet press that
shot. Many were killed, he said, because "room had to be made for new prisoners."
the accused will be put on a "show trial," is was learned here from Moscow.
When the court asked him how he felt about the occurrences at Auschwitz, he
No correspondents representing the Western press are admitted to the trial
replied: "It was cruel. But I knew German airmen were being treated badly in
which is expected to last about a month, the report from Moscow said. The two
Russia. War is cruel."
Jews had been identified by the Moscow newspaper Izvestia as Roifman and
An official of the Auschwitz murder camp, charged with supervision of the
camp gas chambers which killed 6,000 victims daily, asserted that he had never Shakerman, without giving their first names.
Aspects of Jewish life in the Soviet Union, which have been sharply criticized
entered the main camp where the killings took place. That testimony was given
in the West, were the topics of three commentaries on the Moscow Radio moni-
by Robert Mulke, 68, who was the first of the defendants to undergo questioning
tored in London, all of them defensive in tone.
by the nine judges in the trial. During the first three sessions, the defendants
The first broadcast .by a commentator named Adamov, "explained" that
made personal statements.
Hebrew bibles were not being printed in the Soviet Union because "they have to
Collectively, the 22 defendants are charged with choosing victims, operating
the huge gas chambers and extracting gold teeth and other valuables from the be written by hand" and there were no such experts available. Adamov apparently
had confused the method of preparing Torah scrolls with that of printing bibles,
victims before they were cremated in the Auschwitz ovens. An estimated 3,000,000
a standard printing procedure.
victims, mostly Jews, perished in the camp.
In the second broadcast, Aaron Vergelis, edi-
Chief Justice Hans Hofmeyer, responding to
tor of the only Yiddish regular publication, Sov-
Mulke's claim he had never entered the main camp
ietische Heimland, recalled his recent visit to the
during his years as assistant commandant, asked
United States and attacked "anti-Semitism" in
him if he had had no interest in how the inmates
that country. He proceeded to give figures on
WASHINGTON — The subcommittee on Immigration
were treated. Mulke replied: "I never got any com-
the percentage of Jews in the Soviet arts and
and Naturalization of the Senate Tuesday resumed its
plaints." The judge then asked him whether he
sciences and concluded with an invitation to
hearings
on
proposals
to
amend
the
present
immigration
knew there were two gallows in the camp, and
American Jews to come to Russia to visit him and
Mulke replied: "No, no, no. I had no idea."
laws.
his colleagues at the offices of the Yiddish pub-
Several
bills
to
that
effect
have
been
submitted
to
Dr. Josef Mengele, the notorious physician at
lication.
Congress, including one which was proposed by the late
the Auschwitz annihilation camp—who is missing
The third broadcast again featured Adamov
President Kennedy and which would abolish the present
from among the 22 Nazis now on trial here as
in a discussion of the economic trials in Russia.
national origins quota system and increase the total num-
leading members of the personnel of the Ausch-
He admitted there was a large percentage of
ber of immigrants to be admitted to this country each
witz death camp—filed a formal appeal against
Soviet Jews among those sentenced for alleged
year.
the cancellation of his medical degree in 1961 by
embezzlement and black marketeering. He then
the Frankfurt University.
gave figures on Jews represented in various
In his testimony before the Senate subcommittee,
Soviet scientific, scholarly and technological and
Senator Claiborne Pell, Rhode Island Democrat, hailed
The "selection doctor," as Dr. Mengele was
other agencies.
the need for drastically revising what he described as
known among the camp inmates for picking vic-
He argued that the admittedly large percent-
"prejudicial and inequitable" immigration laws. He
tims for the gas ovens, filed his appeal with the
age of Jews among those sentenced for "economic
pointed at the aspects of discrimination implicit in the
state authorities through a South American law-
crimes" was not an indication of the treatment
present quota system. Senator Pell is co-sponsor of the
yer. He did not indicate his whereabouts, but he
generally of Jews in Russia.
bill proposed by the late President Kennedy as well as
was last reported hiding in Argentina. He named
other bills to amend the present law, and he submitted
his wife as his representative. West German
General Jacob Kreyser Dismissed by USSR
a bill of his own on the subject.
authorities have been unsuccessful in efforts to
PARIS—General of the Army Jacob Kreyser,
find him for extradition.
commander of all Soviet forces in the Far East
Senator Philip A. Hart of Michigan is leading in the
and the highest-ranking Jew in the Red Army,
current senatorial effort to liberalize the existing immi-
Carl Hoecker, a former Auschwitz adjutant,
has been removed from his post, according to
gration law and to abandon the national origins quota
denied guilt, although he conceded also that he
dispatches from the USSR received here Monday.
system.
had "passed on" four or five execution orders is-
Gen. Kreyser, who holds some of the highest
Detailed story about President Johnson's firm
sued by his chiefs. Wilhelm Boger, former senior
Red Army decorations, including the medal of
backing of legislation for liberalization of inmiigratiou
guard at Auschwitz, told the court he would give
Continued on Page 3
law on Page 3.
no testimony at the trial.
Sen. Hart Leads in Efforts
to Liberalize Immigration
All worldwide cabled reports on this page are by direct JTA teletype wires to The Jewish News