employed in the Ford physics
department.
In his report on the employ-
ment of Jews in administrative
positions in the auto industry,
Nath revealed that of 51,000
white collar, professional and
executive employees in Detroit's
Big Three auto companies, only
328—less than 34 of 1 per cent
—are Jews. He called the low
figure indicative of "an obvious
gap" between the proclaimed
policy of fair employment by
top officers of the industry and
actual hiring practices at operat-
ing levels.
The report, based on a study
supervised by Forster, cited
these figures:
Of 15,500 at General Motors,
80 are Jews.
Of 18,000 at Chrysler, 102
are Jews.
Of 17,500 white collar and
executive employees at Ford,
146 are Jews.
It noted as significant that 20
of the 146 Jews at Ford are in
the Scientific Research Labora-
tory and 17 of the 102 at Chrys-
ler are in the Missile Division—
two departments which are not
directly involved in the pro-
duction and sales of automo-
biles. Furthermore, the study re-
vealed an almost total lack of
Jews in sales and financing de-
partments, such as the GMAC
division and similar subsidiaries.
Forster said the study cited
no single reason for the dearth
of Jewish white collar and exec-
utive personnel but gave the fol-
lowing circumstances as contrib-
uting factors:
Social discrimination at the
"executive suite" level which
precludes hiring Jews.
College recruitment proce-
dures which fail to make merit-
employment standards clear to
placement officers and deans
of engineering schools.
Company toleration of de-
partment heads hostile to Jew-
ish employment.
Forster said the almost inbred
social lif e of higher echelon
executives—in residential areas
and private clubs closed to Jews
—also seemed to affect attitudes
toward employment, promotion
and advancement of Jewish
personnel.
Forster recalled a League
study of the 1940s which dis-
closed that many engineering
school deans had discouraged
Jews from seeking training in
the profession as "unwise."
Since then, he asserted, the pace
of recruitment of Jews by the
Big Three has not increased. He
added that in the absence of an
"affirmative and vigorous" in-
dustry program to implement its
"posture of merit employment,"
college placement officials may
be proceeding on the belief that
the companies are continuing
"their old habit" of excluding
Jews.
The League official said meet-
ings with college placement of-
ficers at one major mid-west
university indicated that al-

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graduates with equal qualifica-
tions, it was known that "the
b o y with the Jewish name"
would not have an equal chance
for consideration in some com-
pany departments where preju-
dice superceded top level policy.
According to the ADC study,
of the handful of Jews now em-
ployed in the automobile indus-
try, most had applied directly to
company personnel offices. A
representative sampling of these
disclosed practically no indica-
tion of discrimination in em-
ployment practices. However,
Forster declared, the exception-
ally low percentage of Jewish
white collar and executive per-
sonnel who came through com-
pany schools, employment agen-
cies, college placement bureaus
or company recruiters, and the
industry-wide figure of only 328
Jews, leaves no doubt that "arti-
ficial barriers" still exist in the
industry.
Furthermore, he concluded,
unless the automobile industry
"forcefully spells out its merit
employment standards to all de-
partment heads and recruitment
officers, the "suspicion of dis-
crimination that has long been
attached to the industry will
persist."

Parley Honors
Danes Who
Rescued Jews

(Direct JTA Teletype Wire
to The Jewish News)

JERUSALEM — Moving trib-
utes to the government and
people of Denmark were paid
here Monday night at a mass
meeting commemorating t h e
20th anniversary of the rescue
of the Jews of Denmark from
the Nazis.
Speakers included Deputy Pre-
mier Abba Eban, Moshe Sharett,
chairman of the Jewish Agency
Executive, and Prof. Arieh Tar-
takower of the World Jewish
Congress Israel Executive. The
meeting was sponsored by the
World Zionist Organization and
the Congress.
Speakers lauded the courage
of the Danish people in defying
Nazi orders to round up Jews
and instead smuggling them out
of Denmark just as the Nazi
occupation authorities planned to
deport them.
A large delegation represent-
ing the Danish government and
people, among them former un-
derground members who took
part in the rescue operations,
attended the meeting as guests
of the sponsors. They included
fishermen, academicians, house-
wives and widows of resistance
fighters.
Prof. Richard Ege, research
head of the Rockefeller Institute
in Copenhagen and chairman of
the Friends of Israel in Den-
mark, disclosed that the Danish
underground fighters had de-
cided on fighting the German
occupiers by rescuing their Jew-
ish countrymen from deporta-
tion and death.
Mrs. Bodil Koch, Minister of
Ecclesiastical Affairs, said that
the Danes had never been more
united than they were in the
rescue operations. She recalled
that it was Swedish sanctuary
to the Jews which made the
rescue successful.
Supreme Court Justice Chaim
Cohn, who was chairman, opened
the meeting with a call to the
audience to observe one moment
of standing silence in memory
of the Danish Jews and the
Christian underground fighters
who perished in the anti-Nazi
struggle. He closed with a trib-
ute to the late King Christian X
who set a personal example for
his people's treatment of their
Jewish compatriots.

(Direct JTA Teletype Wire
to The Jewish News)

LOS ANGELES — Israel's
transformation from privation
and adversity to a flourishing
economy was described here
Monday night by Israel's For-
eign Minister, Mrs. Golda Meir,
at a dinner in her honor in the
Beverly Hilton Hotel, sponsor-
ed by Los Angeles Israel Bonds
Committee.
"Israel has developed new
healthy problems," she stated,
"problems of food surplus and
shortage of labor because more
people are coming in and as
they come more has to be
done."
Attended by '700 community
leaders and diplomatic officials,
the dinner marked the launch-
ing of the 1963-64 Israel Bond
drive in Los Angeles. Proceeds
amounted to $2,335,800, bring-
ing to $3,986,000 the total of
Israel Bonds raised in this city
during the first nine months of
1963.
Pointing to education as a
major national problem, Mrs.
Meir said Israel must contend
with the wide cultural gap sep-
arating the literate from the
illiterate in the country. "More
children went to school in Is-
rael on Oct. 1 than there were
Jews in the country in 1948
when the state was established,"
she declared. "Not all of these
are children of educated par-
ents. Thousands are children of
immigrant parents from coun-
tries which are two or three
centuries behind the times.
"The crux of the problem is
what will happen after these
children finish elementary
school," she continued. "Can we
afford the luxury that only cer-
tain groups will go to high
schools and universities? Who
are going to be our teachers,
our scientists, our technicians,
our writers — only those who
come from developed countries.
It is our business to take in all
Jews and to make out of all of
them one educated highly cul-
tured people."

Shazar Receives
6,000 Israelis
Observing Sukkot

(Direct JTA Teletype Wire
to The Jewish News)

JERUSALEM — Continuing
the open house tradition during
the Sukkot holiday carried out
by the late Israel President
Itzhak Ben-Zvi, President and
Mrs. Zalman Shazar received
Tuesday some 6,000 Israelis with
whom they exchanged Sukkot
and new year greetings.
The visitors, who streamed
into Beit Hanassi all day, were
mostly from immigrant settle-
ments. Youth bands and choirs
were in attendance and the visi-
tors moved freely through the
rooms and gardens. The Presi-
dent chatted with many of them.

at war crimes trials in such a
way as to lessen the sentences
against Nazis convicted of mur-
dering Jews during the Hitler
era was sentenced to two years'
imprisonment for perjury.
The man is August Herder,
a Bavarian. During war crimes
trials here in 1961 and 1962, he
testified: "I saw an SS man exe-
cuted for refusing to shoot a
group of Jews." The effect of
his testimony was to give the
defendants the excuse that they
had acted under duress, fearing
not to kill Jews lest they them-
selves be killed. He had testi-
fied to the same effect in war
crimes trials involving the mur-
der of Jews at Munich, Karls-
ruhe, and Heilbronn.
The court here found that hel

where Herder said he served,
at the time he indicated and
that his unit had not even been
stationed in the area he had
mentioned in his testimony.

MURRY
KOBLIN

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5-THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS—Friday, October 1 1 , 1963

ADL Charge Against Auto Industry Mrs. Meier Cites Pro-Nazi Witness Convicted of Perjury
DORTMUND, Germany, (JTA) had lied in all these cases. Doc-
Education as
Brings Officials' Merie Defense
—A German war veteran who umentary evidence showed that
(Continued from Page 1)
though a college recruiter might Problem in Israel has made a career of testifying there were no Jews in Esthonia,
A number of Jews have been interview three engineering

