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September 13, 1963 - Image 27

Resource type:
Text
Publication:
The Detroit Jewish News, 1963-09-13

Disclaimer: Computer generated plain text may have errors. Read more about this.

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in its substance and message.
And the short life of Char-
lotte Salomon has a great deal
to tell us through this book."
While the paintings and the
accompanying descriptive titles
are, indeed, not all related to
the horror that end Char-
lotte's life, there is sufficient
in this book to reveal the tra-
gedy. Charlotte's life story is
told in a biographical note by
a man she befriended — Emil
Straus. There also is an edi-
torial note that briefly describes
the history of the book and the
story of Charlotte' life.
She was born in Berlin, April
16, 1917, daughter of Dr. Al-
bert and Franzisca Salomon.
Her mother died when she was
nine, and four year later her
father married the singer Paula
Lindberg.
At 16, in 1933, when she suf-
fered humiliations as a Jewess,
she left her school, but two
years later she was admitted to
the State Academy of Fine Arts
and won the Academy Prize,
which, for "racial reasons," was
later revoked.
Hoping to assure security for
her, her father sent her to her
maternal grandparents in Ville-
franche, France, in 1939. The
editorial note explains:
"Beginning in 1940, in the
greatest loneliness and dis-
tress, Charlotte tried to re-
capture a sense of reality and
continuity by telling the story
of her life and that of her
family in pictures. Of this
record, almost a thousand
gouaches were preserved, be-
ginning with the betrothal of
her parents and ending with
her life as a refugee in south-
ern France. Years later, Char-
lotte's father, who with his
wife had survived the war in
Holland, came into possession
of the pictures, which he do-
nated to the Stedelijk Mus-
eum in Amsterdam.
"This book shows a selec-
tion of 80 of the pictures, giv-
ing the essence of her life.
The texts are Charlotte's; she
had pasted them on the pic-
tures or written them on
directly. The Bible quotation
prefacing the book (What is
man that thou art mindful of
him?) recurs a number of
times in Charlotte's notes. Dr.
Emil Straus, a German re-
fugee in Nice, who knew
Charlotte Salomon and her
grandparents, t h e Gruen-
walds, well during their stay
in Nice-Villefranche, has con-
tributed the account of Char-
lotte's life while she was
working on these pictures and
afterward, up to the moment
of her deportation."
That is how the pictures, so
expressive and descriptiv e,

Rabbis Urge
Moscow Cancel
Death for Rabbi

NEW YORK, (JTA) — An
appeal to the government of
the Soviet Union to cancel the
death sentence imposed last
week on Rabbi B. Gavrilov of
Piatigorsk was cabled to Mos-
cow by the American section of
the World Center of European
Rabbis here. Rabbi Gavrilov had
been sentenced to be shot for
alleged currency speculation.
The cable, signed on behalf
of the rabbinical organization
by Rabbi M. J. Rubin and Rabbi
P. Hirshprung, told the Soviet
authorities: "In the name of the
European rabbis who have sur-
vived the Nazi holocaust, after
the Nazis had murdered thou-
sands of rabbis, we appeal to
you on humane grounds to can-
eel the death sentence imposed
on Rabbi Gavrilov.

were rescued and are now
available for American students
of art and readers of the story
of an heroic soul who struggled
under the Nazis, in this extra-
ordinary volume, "Charlotte."
In his account of Charlotte's
life, Dr. Straus tells how Char-
lotte met Alexander Nagler to
whom she was married in May
1943. Her husband of a short
duration made a serious blun-
der: he secured an identity card
"without the stamp `Jew'."
When he went for his marriage
license he was told that as an
Aryan he could not marry a
Jewess. "Beside himself with
rage, Nagler blurted out that
he too was Jewish. He received
permission to marry, but was
obliged to leave his faked iden-
tity card with his exact address
at Police Headquarters. This
was his undoing. When he told
his doctor what had happened,
his friend was horrified and ad-
vised Nagler and his young wife
to leave the Hermitage (as the
Gruenwalds' village was called)
at once and to move to a vacant
apartment he had in Nice, which

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THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS — Frid ay, Sept. 13, 1963

During the Eichmann trial
in Jerusalem, even the most
h a r d-b oiled correspondents
were moved to tears during the
dramatic portrayals of the bru-
talities that were heaped upon
children.
The Anne Frank story was
among the occurrences that
most deeply stirred public opin-
ion in exposing the terrorism
that took the lives of millions
of people of all faiths.
This is the type of evidence
that refutes the "forgive-and-
forget" attitudes that would
overloom the worst crimes in
history.
Another deeply moving docu-
ment, just published by Har-
court, Brace and Co. (750 Third,
NY17), is certain to revive the
memories of a not-far-gone
past, during which the Nazi
horrors were imposed on man-
kind, with an admonition that
they must never be forgotten.
"Charlotte—A Diary in Pic-
tures," by Charlotte Salomon,
supplements "the Diary of Anne
Frank" with great power. It is
the story of a young girl who
left Germany, described her
life's experiences, through the
era of the Nazi brutalities, until
she fell into the hands of the
Hitler hordes in France.
Prof. Paul Tillich, the emin-
ent theologian, in a comment
on the book, published as a pre-
face to "Charlotte," makes this
stirring statement:
"Charlotte Salomon's paint-
ings were shown me on one
of the most agitated days in
my life—a day of festive cele-
bration. Suddenly all move-
ment around me ceased, giv-
ing way to an inner move-
ment: I was drawn into a hu-
man life that began and end-
ed far away, but in which
nothing was strange to me. For
in these pictures and notes
there is something universal-
ly human, something that
bridges the distance between
man and man. But what
makes this life a true symbol
is something more than its
universality. It is specifically
the life of a very gifted and
sensitive young woman, lived
in the most terrible periods
of European history, that
speaks in the almost primi-
tive simplicity of these pic-
tures. One reason why they
are so expressive is that in-
stead of concentrating on the
horrors of the end, they tell
a life story that is close to our
own experience. Against the
background of this story,
Charlotte's fate—known to us
from others—moves us all the
more deeply. Books such as
this will long be a needed re-
minder to a mankind that re-
lapses so easily into the in-
difference and triviality of
daily life. They remind us of
what we are always tempted
to forget, namely, that the
value of a human life does
not consist in its length, but

Charlotte Salomon who enjoyed
the married name of Nagler
for but a brief period. With her
husband she was among the
martyrs who died a cruel death.
Her many pictures, relating her
life story, live as an impressive
collective document attesting to
the horrors and at the same
time preserving for mankind
the hopes and aspirations of
human beings who defied cruel-
ty for several years and who
lived in hopes for a better life
for all mankind.



‘Charlotte--A Diary in Pictures' Preserves
Creative Art of a Young Victim of Nazism

he offered them free of charge.
Charlotte and Nagler stayed
there for a while, but the Her-
mitage, with all its beauties,
especially in the summer, drew
them irresistibly back to Ville-
franche. On Sept. 8, 1943, after
Italy had concluded a separate
armistice with the Allies, Ger-
man troops occupied the coast.
The Police Headquarters and
Town Hall were at once placed
under control of the Gestapo.
At 7 o'clock in the evening of
Sept. 21, 1943, a Gestapo truck
drew up outside the Hermitage.
Charlotte and her husband were
dragged out of the house and
thrown into the truck . . . Loud
cries were heard . .. and that
was all. It was the end. They
both died in the gas chambers
of Auschwitz."
Such was the tragedy of

27

Another Anne Frank Tragedy

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