Zionism
Vindicated
Nasserism
Exposed
Chilling
German
Survey
Editorials
Page 4
Vol. XLI I I No. 26
HE J EWISH E
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Syrian Attacks, ad Combine
Endanger Security of Israel
•
• •
•
Detroiters mill Participate tn
Aug. 28 Washington March with
14 Co-Sponsoring Organizations
A group of local Jewish leaders will join the August 28
March in Washington, Walter Klein, executive director of the
Jewish Community Council, stated this week.
Local organizations affiliated with the Council and a
number of leaders who head local movements are joining with
hundreds of Negro and other leaders to participate in the
demonstration in support of the Kennedy-sponsored legislation
for civil rights now pending in Congress.
The March already has been endorsed by the Jewish Com-
munity Council.
Detroiters who will join the March include Rabbi M.
Robert Syme, Leonard Gordon, of Jewish Community Council
staff; Harold Dubin, local American Jewish Congress execu-
tive director; Sol Littman, director of the local Bnai Brith
Anti-Defamation League office; Joseph Shore, of the Jewish
Labor Committee; Mrs. Shmarya Kleinman, Mrs. Mollie Tend-
ler and Nancy Ratner.
NEW YORK, (JTA)—Fourteen major American Jewish
organizations joined in a statement endorsing the August 28
March on Washington. They said they "vigorously support"
local affiliates throughout the United States planning to par-
ticipate. The signers represented the rabbinical and congrega-
tional bodies of the three wings of Judaism, labor and union
groups, community relations groups and others.
The joint statement asserted that, on the centinnial year
of the Emancipation Proclamation, "the pledge of first-class
citizenship and freedom for the American Negro remains
tragically unfulfilled. This enormous gap between promise
(Continued on Pages 5 and 6)
Israel's request for United Nations Security Council
hearings of her charges against Syria may be delayed and
a decision on calling a meeting of the Council may not be
made until Monday. Complications are due to the absence
from New York of Council members and the attempts of
Syrian spokesmen to drum up charges against Israel.
(Direct JTA Teletype Wire to The Jewish News)
TEL AVIV—Syrian gunners penetrated into Israeli territory Monday
night and killed two settlers of the .Almagor settlement in an ambush in
the latest of a series of border incidents.
Israel again lodged•a protest with the United Nations Mixed Armistice
Commission. The Israeli army spokesman said in a communique Tuesday
that the latest attack occurred when three settlers drove a tractor to a water
tap irrigating the plantation of the settlement which is north of Lake
Tiberias in the central demilitarized zone: After closing the tap, they
started to drive back to the settlement and were attacked by the Syrians.
The third settler escaped.
Experts on Arab politics here said Tuesday that Both Iraq and
Syria view the arrival of an Iraqi military delegation in Damascus
Monday as a token of the armed support Iraq has promised Syria in the
event of a Syrian clash with Israel.
Heading the Iraqi military group now in Damascus is air Brigadier
Hardan Takriti, head of the Iraqi air force.
The visit of the delegation came against the background of weeks of
Syrian attacks against workers in the demilitarized zone on the Syrian-
Israel border. The attacks evoked warnings from Prime Minister Levi
Eshkol that Israel would not permit the provocations to continue unchecked.
President Arif of Iraq arrived Wednesday on a visit to Egypt, accom-
panied by six ministers and the army chief of staff.
Tensions continued to mount along the Israeli-Arab borders, as
more shootings took place on the southern- border near the Gaza Strip
and in the north where the Syrians attacked again.
Along the Gaza Strip, the shooting was done by the Israelis, one of
their border patrols discovering a group of infiltrators armed with sub-
Purely Commentary—The Red Cross Centennial Celebration
(Continued on Page 32)
The Role of Its _Founder, Jean Henri IfInnant,
One
of the Christian _Forerunners of Herzl
By PHILIP SLOMOVITZ
In 1863, representatives of 14 European nations
gathered in Geneva, Switzerland, to plan the forma-
tion of an organization of societies for the relief of
men wounded in war. It was as a result of that
meeting that an agreement was signed "for
amelioration of the condition of the wounded in
armies in the field."
Thus, the Red Cross was founded. It was inspired
by a 31-year-old Swiss banker, Jean Henri Dunant,
who set out on a mis-
sion of mercy after wit-
nessing the horrors on
the battlefield of Solfer-
ino, in northern Italy.
M. Dunant had coined
a watchword: Tutti Fra-
telli—which, in Italian,
means All men are
brothers. It was a watch-
word for those who
aided the 40,000 men
who were wounded in
M. Dunant
that battle, in 1859.
With 89 nations preparing to mark the Red
Cross Centenary this year, the Dunant saga emerges
as one of the most fascinating stories in humani-
tarianism.
M. Dunant not only has earned a place in history
as the founder of the Red Cross: he also has gained
an imperishable place in Jewish history as an advo-
cate of Jewish settlement in the Holy Land and as
one of the great forerunners of Dr. Theodor Herzl
among the Christian supporters of the Zionist idea.
The idea of a Red Cross was born at Solferino
in 1859. The International Red Cross came into
being as a result of the Geneva Conference in 1863.
In 1901, M. Dunant was the first recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize, in recognition of his great
humanitarian ideal.
At the same time. M. Dunant was nourishing in
his heart another dream: for the rehabilitation of
the dispersed, sorely tried and persecuted Jews.
Extraordinary Memorandum
In an impressive biography, "Dunant—The Story
of the Red Cross," (Oxford University Press-1938),
Martin Gumpert wrote about Dunant:
"His prophetic glance did not yet see into the
distance not even as far as the misery that was
waiting just around the corner. Dunant had a new
idea. In March, 1866, he divulges his plan for a
`Universal and International Society for the Revival
of the Orient.' Did he see so clearly in advance
the evil that was brewing in aged and fanatic Europe
and which could degenerate at last into an incon-
ceivable race hatred? Once more it was a touching
mixture of the apostolic spirit, the humanitarianism
of the century and a sense for business speculation
that made him the legitimate forerunner of Theodor
Herzl and Zionism and finally led his plan astray.
In the Biblioteque Nationale is a single copy of his
extraordinary eight-page memorandum on this sub-
ject. Palestine was to be neutralized in the interests
of a great colonial society. And in the following
year the International Palestine Company was actu-
ally founded, with Dunant as president; it proceeded
to make contacts with Jewish societies until the
enterprise broke up.
"Nevertheless. the Palestine project has flour-
ished so far that by 1867 Dunant could discuss it
with the Empress Eugenie in the presence of the
French Ambassador to Constantinople, M. Bouree."
It is possible that Dr. Herzl may have been
totally unaware of the activities of M. Dunant; else
he might have attempted to enlist his services in
behalf of the Jewish National Home in Palestine
toward the end of the last century.
Much needs to be said about Dun•nt's interest
in Palestine and his famous statement. It is neces-
sary to understand Dunant to be able to appreciate
his concern for the Jewish people.
His Spirit of Mercy
Dunant began his movement for the injection
of a spirit of mercy in the cruelties of war with a
practical act of his own. At Castiglioni, another vil-
lage in the center of the French position in the colli-
sion of the armies of Austro and Franco-Sardina, in
1859, he personally urged the French women and
girls to follow him to the fields that were covered
with the bodies of the dying and dead and to offer
drink to the thirsty, food to the hungry and what-
ever care was possible to the wounded and maimed.
When Dunant's volunteers began to make a search
for the French and Italian wounded and turned
their backs on the unfortunate Austrians, the found-
er of the Red Cross pointed out to them that Aus-
trians were human beings too. "Tutti Fratelli,"—all
are brothers—he said to them, and with that phrase
on their lips they helped all and in reality estab-
lished the foundation for the humanitarian idea that
was called into being by Jean Henri Dunant.
It must have been this spirit of "Tutti Fratelli"
that motivated Dunant's "Open Letter." in 1866,
appealing for the colonization of Palestine and the
resurrection of the East, "which uniting with the
rise of religious sentiment, will be aided by the
cooperation of Israelites, whose valuable qualities
and remarkable aptitudes cannot but prove very
advantageous to Palestine."
Dunant's letter was published a year after the
publication of Moses Hess' "Rome and Jerusalem,"
but it is clear that his theories were worked out
by himself and were not motivated by earlier writ-
ings. In the plans that he worked out, and for which
he appealed to the Jewish and non-Jewish worlds, ,
he is one of the foremost forerunners of Dr. Theodor
Herzl, and is one of the greatest Christians of the
'(Continued on Page 2)