4 Jews Now on Trial in Soviet Union
for Profiteering on Sale of Matzoth
Moscow's Chief Rabbi, Yehuda sisting of two men and a
Leib
Levine, called the trial the woman jurist, charged that the
NEW YORK—Four Jews, in-
first of its kind since the birth woman had baked the matzoth,
cluding a shochet and two of the Soviet Union.
sold the unleavened bread to
women, went on trial before a
the two men at six cents a
The
defendants
are
Emil
Katz,
peoples court in Moscow Tues-
pound while the latter tried to
82,
charged
with
being
the
"ring-
day on charges of profiteering
re-sell the matzoth at $1.38 a
in the illegal sale of matzoth leader," Golko Bogomolny, 49, a pound.
prior to last Passover, according schochet; Mrs. Klavdiy Blyalkh-
T h e prosecution presented
to a dispatch in Wednesday's man, 52; and Mrs. Malka Brio,
photos
of the stoves and cutting
59.
New York Herald Tribune from
The Prosecution, conducted tables on which the matzoth were
the newspaper's Moscow corres-
by the three-judge panel con- allegedly produced and a list of
pondent, David Miller.
18 potential customers.
Two defense attorneys, Mik-
hail Lozinsky and Matvey Sokolo-
vich, denounced the investigation
of the case, which has been
underway for four months, and
LONDON, (JTA)—A Soviet Compiled by T. L. Shapiro, who told the court, "There is no
Hebrew dictionary, published died before he could complete crime," declaring the case should
last week, will be virtually im- it, the final editing was done never have gone to court.
"These people," said Sokolo-
possible to obtain in Soviet by F. M. Grande, who said in
the preface that the dictionary vich, "did it just for themselves.
bookstores, it appeared from
examination of Soviet press re- was based on the Even-Shushan They are all believers. According
Hebrew dictionary of Israel, the to housewife Brio, 'matzoth is
ports on the new publication.
The 766-page dictionary was best available Hebrew diction- necessary for me like air.' It is
necessary for her because of the
published by the Soviet Dic- ary.
The Soviet version also in- old tradition."
tionaries Publis hi n g House.
cludes a brief Hebrew grammar
The defense insisted that the
section and a history of the women had tried to dispose
Hebrew language written in a only of the surplus matzoth
scholarly manner.
they had baked and had not
Several months ago, it was engaged in "large-scale opera-
officially announced that the tions as charged." "All
dictionary would have an initial churches," said Sokolovich,
run of 100,000 copies. Later, it "sell candles and wafers at
was announced that the first high prices and nobody holds
GENEVA (JTA)—The Soviet
them for criminal responsibil-
delegate to the United Nations edition was only 25,000 copies. ity."
Soviet
press
reports
indicated
Economic and Social Council
He denied the accused sold
told the Social Committee of that 10,000 copies had already
ECOSOC that there is no anti- been ordered by foreign insti- matzoth for personal profit, in-
tutions anti individuals, mean- sisting they did it "for their
Semitism in the Soviet Union.
ing that for all of the Soviet
He was replying to charges Union, there are only 15,000 religious beliefs. They used no
voiced earlier this week by Is- copies available. Most of these hired labor." He pleaded for the
raeli delegate Moshe Bartur, who will of course be distributed to release of Mrs. Blyakhman, who,
presented the Social Committee universities, schools and librar- he said, has already spent four
with a number of facts on anti- ies, leaving practically none for months in jail "without commit-
ting any crime at all."
Jewish discrimination in the
sale in bookstores.
Lozinsky criticized the investi-
USSR. -
gators who had built the case,
The Soviet representative ex-
•
saying they had taken "a dog-
pressed regret that the repre-
matic position." Katz had been
Jewish
Cooperatives
sentative of Israel mentioned
the letter sent by Lord Bertrand in Poland Stress Need accused in the indictment of
selling 1,100 pounds of matzoth
Russell, British philosopher, to
over a lengthy period. The attor-
Moscow appealing that the Jews for Training Workers
LONDON (JTA)—A two-day ney said Katz had admitted sell-
in the USSR should be per-
mitted full cultural life, religious national conference of Jewish ing a third of that amount in
freedom and rights of a national cooperatives in Poland has de- eight days. All but Katz have
group "in practice as well as in cided to put more stress on been in jail since their arrest in
to re-
law." In this letter, Lord Russell training their members for April. Katz was permitted of
his
also said he was "gravely dis- skilled work, it was reported main at home because
physical
condition.
turbed" by the fact that 60 per here from Warsaw.
Rabbi Levine had been called
cent of those executed in the
Speakers at the conference
Soviet Union for "economic pointed out that there was no as a prosecution witness and
crimes" were Jews.
more room for the output of Lozinsky recalled to the court
"It is regrettable," said the semi-skilled craftsmen in any that the Chief Rabbi had testi-
Soviet delegate, "that the rep- branch of industry, and t h a t fied that he had had a conversa-
resentative of Israel failed to unless all members were highly tion prior to Passover with a
mention the fact that Lord Ris- skilled, there was no future for man named Andreev, an official
sell's letter was answered by the cooperatives. They said the of the State Committee on Re-
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrush- cooperatives had fulfilled their ligious Cults. The attorney told
chev, Feb. 20, pointing out that functions since the Second the court that Andreev had told
there has never been any anti- World War by giving Jewish R a b b i Levin, "Unfortunately,
Semitism in the Soviet Union." craftsmen an outlet for their this state cannot provide you
with matzoth at the moment be-
The Soviet delegate was, how- products.
cause it has neither place nor
The
speakers
hailed
ORT
and
ever, referring to Premier
equipment for it, but it has noth-
Khrushchev's answer to Lord other vocational training facili- ing against the Jewish commun-
Russell in reply to the first letter ties as being of significant value ity itself."
which Lord Russell sent to Mos- to the training program. It was
"We asked the court," said
cow addressed to Khrushchev also decided to introduce a
personally. What he omitted to systematic cultural program as a Lozinsky, "to summon An-
say was that Lord Russell was permanent feature of the activ- dreev, but it never did. If An-
apparently not satisfied with ity of the cooperatives in place dreev stated here what Katz
Khrushchev's answer, and sent of the sporadic cultural projects himself said (about baking
matzoth for oneself), it means
another letter, this time to the carried out in the past.
all the defendants would have
Izvestia, official organ of t h e
•
been not guilty. Now you
Soviet government.
think about the old and dilapi-
Warsaw
to
Erect
This second letter — which
dated invalid Mr. Katz and
Bartur brought up in his speech Monument. on Site of
decry his future."
at the Social Committee—was
At that point, the reporter
never published in the Izvestia. Jewish Cemetery
Nor was it answered . by Premier
LONDON, (JTA)—The War- noted the audience burst into
Khrushchev.
saw City Council has instructed applause but was told by the
As a result of the discussions a group of municipal architects court that no demonstration was
on religious discrimination, the to prepare plans for a monu- allowed.
Among the witnesses called
Social Committee adopted this ment to be erected on the site
week a resolution endorsing the of the ancient Jewish cemetery by the defense were a non-
decision of the U.N. Commission in the suburb of Praga, it was Jewish man and his wife. They
told the court they had made
on Human Rights to give priority reported here from Warsaw.
to preparing a draft declaration
The cemetery had been com- their own peasant - style stove
on the elimination of all forms pletely demolished and leveled available to the Jewish women,
of religious tolerance, at its 20th out by the Nazis during the declaring, "We realized what the
session, which is to take place Nazi occupation of the country matzoth meant to the Jews so
in 1965. Bartur requested "ur- in the Second World War. The we allowed them to bake it at
gent and precise steps" to com- Jewish Social and Cultural our place."
The accused face possible sen-
bat religious discrimination and Association, which first raised
said that delay would be "in- the problem of marking the site tences of four years in prison
comprehensible a n d unaccept- of the cemetery, is being con- and the additional possible pen-
able." However, his request was sulted on the design for the alty of the confiscation of their
property.
monument.
ignored.
(Direct JTA Teletype Wire
to The Jewish News)
Comfort Ye, Comfort Ye,
My People
-
•
Moscow Publishes Hebrew
Dictionary; Copies Scarce
•
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