14

THE DETROIT JEWIS H NEWS — Friday, February 2, 1962--

Cleveland Hospital
.Adds Psychiatric,
Rehabilitation Units

ments of the postwar period, when
Jews found their lot depending upon
the help and protection of Spain,
(Copyright, 1962,
for instance in North Africa, in-
Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Inc.)
cluding Egypt, or other territories
under Spanish jurisdiction or in-
CLEVELAND, (JTA) — The
between Church and fluence.
MADRID — What remains in Yom Kippur, equally divided. separation
"The Jewish organizations of the new divisions of psychiatry and
State
being
a
proclaimed
princ-
In
Madrid
on
Friday
nights,
all
world and the State of Israel should
Spain today to remind a Twenti-
one might define Spain as endeavor to rectify their attitude, physical medicine and rehabili-
eth Century traveler that more of the synagogue's 150 places iple,
which is still often erroneous in tation action of Mount Sinai
a
centralized,
monarchist,
author-
than 300,000 Jews had once are occupied, while in Barce- itarian, confessional state.
spite of appreciable progress, as far
as their approach toward the Span- Hospital have been completed
inhabited this land — aN vivid lona, with twice as many Jews,
Government is concerned, with and both divisions will open
Spain's 300,000 Jews in the ish
population of artisans, traders, Friday night attendance barely
the following purposes:
next month, the hospital board
reaches
a
minyan.
A
new
syna-
14th
and
15th
Centuries
con-
philosophers, diplomat s, ad-
"1. Inform both Jewish and non-
public opinion of the truth of trustees announced.
visors of kings — who consti- gogue for 350-400 persons is at stituted between one-fourth Jewish
concerning facts and decisions of
The psychiatric division con-
tuted for generations what has the top of the • aspirations of and one-fifth of the urban pop- the Spanish people and of their
in all problems con- tains 27 beds. The division in-
often been defined,as "the back- Madrid Jews, who have to hire, ulation, while today's 3,500 Government
cerning Jews throughout the 25 cludes a large dining-lounge
bone of Spanish so c i a l and a, public hall for the High Holy constitute an infinitesimal mi- years of the Franco regime.
Holidays.
For
the
new
syna-
nority.
But
aside
from
this
"2. Adopt an attitude of under- area, an occupational therapy
ecenomic life?" The glorious
standing for the efforts made by section, consultation rooms and
history of Spanish Jewry was gogue, they need $100,000, of numerical difference, Jews in the
Spanish people to achieve
economic and social stand- other facilities. The division was
sealed in the March 31, 1492, which they believe half could be Spain, then as now, are con- higher
ards
of living, whenever the inter- created for persons who need .
raised
among
community
mem-
fronted with the same two, vention
Expulsion Decree.
and collaboration of certain
Help from the Joint Dis- tightly interwoven, instruments Jewish circles
or organizations might three to four-weeks of hospitali-
"Juderia," "Judios" im- bers.
contribute to it. It would be of the zation but who are not severely
tribution
Committee
or
from
of
power.
pressed with black paint over fellow Jews in other lands
utmost importance that the Jewish
In 15th Century Spain, the press and publications rectify anti- disturbed emotionally.
the dazzling white walls of would therefore be greatly wel-
The other new division will
Spanish feelings which, without any
concerted action of the two consistent
Southern towns like Seville,
basis, appear from time enable the hospital to make
forces
dominating
Spanish
life,
to
time.
Granada, . Cordoba, are s t i 11 come.
*
"3. As far as Spanish-Israel rela- available the considerable
the temporal and the religious, tions
there to indicate the quarters
are concerned, I can say that advances achieved in this area
There
are
no
rabbis
in
Spain,
the
authoritarian
and
the
confes-
the
Spanish people follow with in-
where Jews had lived: under only a Chacham in Barcelona
terest
understanding the efforts of medicine. It includes an in-
the long shadow of a cathedral and a Chazan in Madrid. Ne- sional, destroyed Jewish life in of the and
Jewish people aimed at re- patients rehabilitation depart-
constructing a homeland, in order
or at a stone's throw from a gotiations are under way for - the the country.
allow Jews to live with dignity ment, a department of physical
royal palace. In Toledo, two arrival from Johannesburg of a
What is the attitude now of to
without being exposed to persecu- medicine and an occupational
tions
and vexations similar to those
synagogues, of the 12th and Sephardic rabbi. There is no these two forces toward the re-
in a recent and in a dis- therapy department.
14th centuries, later trans- residing Shohet, but each month surgences of a diminutive Jewish suffered
tant past. The problem of official
formed into Catholic churches one is brought to Madrid from entity in Spain, and toward relations between the two countries
(no diplomatic relations of any sort
and now kept as national mon- Morocco, and Kosher meat is Judaism?
exist between Spain and Israel) de-
uments, Santa Maria La Blanca kept in deep-freeze. There is,
depends
upon the general policies
In the course of a long inter-
Spain and not from any kind of
and II Transito, are still arous- however, a Shohet for poultry. view, Max Mazin, president of of
animosity or of specific discrimina-
ing the admiration in visitors
tion against the State of Israel. The
ROCHESTER, N.Y., (JTA)-
Practically all newly born the Madrid Jewish Community, normalization
such relations must
of all colors and creeds.
an Ashkenazi of Latvian birth, be considered of and
foreseen within The Jewish Community Council
boys
a
r
e
circumcized,
and
framework either of a solution of Rochester, the central philan-
"In this quarter, and in
there does not seem to be married to an Israeli, expressed the
of the problems afflicting the Mid- thropic, social planning and
similar ones in other Spanish
to
this
correspondent
very
dle
East,
or of a change of Spanish
much intermarriage. Mixed
towns, once lived many thou-
clear-cut opinions on Franco's foreign policy toward the Arab community relations agency for
marriages,
however,
often
states."
sands of Jews," a guide will
promote the conversion of one attitude toward the Jews and Mazin admitted that "although no the Jewish community, has been
state in a casual "recitativo."
law exists preventing non- reorganized in a move to expand
of the partners. As every- on what the Jewish attitude to- specific
Catholics from becoming officers of its scope, increase the effec-
"They were rich and power-
the Spanish Army, Jews could not
where else, it is the member ward Franco should be.
ful, but there are none to be
"Franco has a tolerant attitude become officers." "Administrative tiveness of its operation and
of the minority group who toward
Jews," he stated. "He re- silence" is the way Mr. Mazin de-
found now." Elsewhere, point-
ends by joining the religion ceived a delegation of Jews in 1960, fined the technique adopted to broaden the base of member-
ing to a solemn building, the
and
has
always shown understand- achieve this exclusion, which he ship.
of the majority. However,
to our problems. I believe that attributed to ecclesiastical pressure.
The action was announced by
palace, the Tribunal of the
according to a reliable source, ing
the attitude of Jews toward the He added that he had taken cautious Arthur M. Lowenthal, who was
Holy Inquisition held its ses-
regime should be of loyal and personal steps in favor of a
there have been two recent Franco
oun
because it has demon- y
sions" . . . On that square
g Jew who wanted to become elected interim president of the
instances of Christians em- collaboration,
strated benevolence toward Jews, an officer, but with no positive
the 'autos-da-fe "were staged,"
newly reorganized a gene y.
since
it
came
to
power,
whenever
riage
the
results.
ore
bracing
Lowenthal is a past president
thus bringing back to the
Jews found themselves in some con-
Another
source
told
this
cor-
insisting
• , and
J
dition of dependence from Spanish
memory of the Jewish trav-
respondent later of rumors that of the United Jewish Welfare
tner for authorities.
ish
wi
heir
eler images of ludicro
"I am not referring only to this Franco is considering the pos- Fund of Rochester. He has been
trict obs anc of the attitude
in metropolitan Spain dur-
president of the Jewish Com-
"sanbenitos" and of terri
g
itzvoth.
ing the last war, when no Jewish sibility of modifying this atti-
"quemaderos," t h e r o s
refugee was refused entrance (un- tude and this form of silent munity Council as formerly
of the like what happened in Britain and
cti
A Woman's
constituted.
where some 100,000 ws and
Madrid community existing Switzerland), but also in all mo- discrimination.

Jewish Life in Spain

BY TULIA ZEVI

Jewish Community
Council of Rochester
Revamped After Study

to have
"marranos" are s
been burned by der of the
e 1480 "ad
Inquisition s i
majorem Die loriam."

Chap-
side by side with* W
formed,
ter) has recentri be
st ents of
and the Jewi
0 cr y ed their
Madrid
Jewish life in associa
What abo
i a 1 and
h s
Spain today
"Our
p o s
Cu
There a indications of Jew-
young ew from
ish instil ons in the telephone
at there
said, "is
director There are surprised
than girls
Jewish b
express s on the faces o
us a few
ld you s
the tourist office.
clerks
, possib pretty?"
Synag e in Madrid? Ne
* * *
it!"
heard
as well as
Sunday sc
er, recalling that two a lf are offi
Ho
are being
years o, the Jewish pre
national Jew-
pla ed. No i
the inaugurati
repor
ish organizati s have so far
adri been operati
a-Knesseth in
Beth
in Spain, and
the r arch continued d wa Spanish Jew do not seem to
rewar d by a positive result: how any
ticular eagerness
the s ing of a "Betson" sign
themselves to or-
affiliati
on a oor of an apartment
as the World
nization
ization
Calle Pizarro .19. A Jewish C
house
gress, and they
ed under the locked would p • ably not be allowed
note s
door br ht, a few hours later, to join ai Brith. Freemasonry
some m hers of the Madrid in fac s prohibited in Spain,
Kehilla t this correspondent's and t Bnai Brith would prob-
hotel. We ked for hours.
ably e considered as a form
*
of eemasonry by Spanish au-
00 Jews living
There are
rities.
uped in two
in Spain toda ,
Pro-Zionist feelings appear to
communities. A
be deep and widespread, and
persed, with no orga
do not . . seem to be any
munity life, in other towns. there-
anti-Zionist Jews in Spain, as
One-third of the Jews live in in some other countries of the
Madrid, the majority of them w
orld. Sporadically, a few Span
Sephardim of Moroccan origin. .
The remaining two-thirds are ish Jews visit Israel.
practically all residing in Bar- The reappearance of a small,
celona — half of them Ashken - organized Jewish nucleus in
azim, half Sephardim.
Spain, five centuries after one
Jews seem to have started of the most drastic "solutions"
arriving in Spain between the of the Jewish problem, according
two World Wars, during and to pre-Hitler standards, is in it
after World War II. Most
an interesting and. impor-
Jews belong to the middle self
fact. This correspondent
and upper-middle classe s. tant
that it was even more im-
Some are professional people, felt
to seek an answer to
but the majority is active in portant
following question: ' What
the leather, silver, jewelry the
is the relationship between the
and clothing business.
The two communities are not "new" Jews of Spain, the State
federated, and both seem to be and the Catholic Church?
The "Manifesto" of March
animated by a spirit of auton-
omy, each with a physiognomy 1947 specifies that Spain is a
of its own. In Barcelona, for Catholic and social state in the
Instance, Sephardim and Ash- form of a Kingdom, with Gen-
kenazim have two different oral Franco as President, assisted
synagogues, both located in the by a Council, which includes the
same building, which was re- Cardinal-Primate of Spain. The
cently purchased by the corn- Spanish State, having been eu-
munity. In Madrid joint services phemistically defined by Caudillo
sire held: prayers in the Sephar- Francisco Franco in 1942 "not a
dic tradition and in the Ash- dictatorship, but a hierarchy,"
kenazi tradition, particularly, on . and the union , rather than the

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