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Dr. Haul Hilberg Compiles Valuable Facts
Holocaust and Its Perpetrators in Great
Ii7ork, 'Destruction of the European Jews'
Artist Depicts Story of Balaam
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Dr. Raul Hilberg, now a !army, the judiciary and all ! centrated in the ghettos. There
member of the faculty of the !aspects of German life.
was favoritism, stealing and
University of Vermont, who . is
Nazi definitions of Jews and corruption, all part of the de-
specializing in American for- !half-Jews — Mischlinge — are moralizing effects of the Nazi
eign affairs and international analyzed in the review of the !horrors.
relations, spent ten years destruction processes. The Ger-
Presenting statistics on the
gathering the facts for his man system of expropriation as rapid rise in the death rate
monumental 788-pages work, told here offers interesting re- among Polish Jews in the con-
"The Destruction of the Euro- velations.
centrated communities, Dr. Hii-
pean. Jews," published by
Measures for the Aryaniza- berg writes: "In the whole of
Quadrangle Books (119 W. Lake tion of Jewish possessions re- occupied Poland 500,000 to
St., Chicago 1). The result is quired that "all Jews (other 600,000
6
Jews died in ghettos
a very scholarly "narrative his- than foreign Jews) should and labor camps. During their
tory" of the results of the years evaluate and report their short period of existence the
of horrors under Hitler, linked domestic and foreign property," . ghettos accounted for the death
with comparative facts to show the study shows. A "fine" was :of one-fifth of the Polish Jews.
points of likeness in previous proclaimed by Goering on Nov. In the perspective of history
eras during which Jews suf- 12, 1938, for the commencement this is a very fast rate of dis-
fered in Europe.
The story of Salaam is interpreted in this painting by
of the decree's implementation. appearance. But the pace was
Shalom of Safed, septogenarian Israeli primitive artist, whose
Dr. Hilberg, who received his Thus, expropriations began, and not quick enough for the Ger
first designs seven years ago were executed with children's
Doctorate at Columbia Univer- starvation measures thereby man machinery of destruction.
The Nazis could not wait for crayons. An exhibit of his biblical paintings which are dis-
sity and later taught at Hunter were introduced.
a whole generation; they could tinguished by their vivid colors and unique repetition of detail
College and the University of
The children also became not 'entrust' the task of 'solving are now on view at the Jewish Museum of the Jewish Theo-
Puerto Rico, served in the 45th the sufferers when "the
Infantry Division which oc- bureaucrats were unanimous the Jewish problem' to a future logical Seminary of America, in New York City.
cupied Munich after World in the belief that it would generation. They had to 'solve
War II, and he then inter- be 'correct' (richtig) to lift the problem,' in one way or
rogated Germans and studied the equality of treatment another, right then and there."
conditions in Germany. As a still enjoyed by Jewish chil-
Thus began the process of
member of the War Documenta- dren. (Until now, Jewish destruction. The "mobile killing
tion Pr oj e c t, he plowed children had received the operations" are described in
SAN FRANCISCO, (JTA) — fered handshakes and the mat-
"through corridors of captured same supplementary quanti- the brutal facts in this book,
German documents" in the ties of bread, meat, and butter in the analysis of the deporta- Benjamin Swig, national Jewish ter ended there.
Federal Records Center in given to German children). tions, in the lengthy review of communal leader, ended a
threat that his Fairmont Hotel
Alexandria, Va.
Accordingly, it was decided the unspeakable horrors that would be picketed by the Na- Hebrew Corner
have
made
the
era
of
Hitler
the
There is a warning to the
to cut these supplementary
tional Association for the Ad-
rations . . . The bureaucrats bloodiest in history.
reader at the very outset that
vancement of Colored People
agreed to decrease the rations
"The Destructiori of the Euro-
Dr. Hilberg goes into detail with a brief speech to an
of Jewish children to the
pean Jews" is not a book
in describing the "Killing NAACP delegation.
level of rations given to Jew-
about Jews but "about the
Center Operations." In the
In Jerusalem you start feeling the
The local NAACP executive Sabbath
many hours before the kind-
ish adults. Consequently, if
people who destroyed the
course of his expose, the
ling of the candles: Thousands of in-
board
had
voted
to
picket
the
Jewish adults lost their meat
Jews. Not much will be read
names of the brutal Gauleit-
habitants finish their work during
cards, so would Jewish chil-
here about the victims. The
ers are listed, providing a hotel if demands for the hiring noon hours and fill the city streets" on
their way home.
dren." Their milk rations also
focus is placed on the per-
record of brutality and of the of additional Negro workers
At the places of entrance to the city
were
not
met.
Pickets
were
pretrators."
were reduced.
traffic
is heavy with buses and cars.
beasts who engineered it.
ordered to appear at the hotel Tourists and guests. come to . enjoy
the
Sabbath
in Jerusalem, the holy
Dr. Hilberg's "study does not
Dr. Hilberg points to another
Defining the - "destructive on the night of Sept. 17, when city.
encompass the internal develop- area of Jewish suffering: Since expansion" of the Nazi machine the Negro College benefit dance
Towards evening the stores close,
and in the homes the finishing prep-
ments of Jewish organization 1942 was the year of mass de- of destruction, Dr. Hilberg is to be held.
arations are done, for Sabbath is
and Jewish social structure. portations, ever smaller num- states: "The German destruc-
coming.
Swig made the following At the sounding of the horn that
This is Jewish history. It is bers of Jews remained within tive effort may be likened to
gives notice of the coming of Sabbath,
points
in
his
brief
talk
to
the
concerned with the storm that the frontiers of the Reich. By a three-dimensional structure
the streets are filled with fathers
caused the wreckage. That is 1943 the rationing problem was which was expanding in all delegation: The Fairmont was walking with their children to the
hundreds of synagogues spread out
the
only
San
Francisco
hotel
a part of Western history.
so simplified that in Vienna the three directions. In one !direc-
in all quarters of the city. The light
to employ a Negro in an execu- of the candles shine out from the
Tracing the background of Jewish Council handed out a tion we can see an alignment tive post and that Negroes work windows of the homes, and voices of
single
meal
a
day
at
its
head-
of agency after agency in a
prayer are heard from the places of
anti-Jewish actions, Dr. Hilberg
in large numbers in various prayer. The prayer of Hassidim from
shows how anti-Semitism • de- quarters at Kleine Pfarragasse machinery of destruction. In hotel jobs; that he is a life Eastern • Europe is heard together
veloped as Christian persecu- B. The food was available until another direction we note the member of the NAACP and with that of Jews from Yemen. The
voices of boys from Bokhara are
tion in the 4th century. He goes 1 p.m.; Jews working in forced development, step by step, of that he intended to work on heard, mingled with those from North
into detail to show the anti- labor could get their meals until the destruction process. In the behalf of the Negro cause no Africa.
On Sabbath clay — complete rest in
Semitism of Martin Luther, 7 p.m. And thus, with a few third we can observe an attempt matter what the local NAACP Jerusalem.
strikes of the pen, the bureau- to set up multiple processes
The holy Saturday for rest, study
and reading, to visit friends and
whose disappointment with the cracy had reduced a once- aimed at new victims and point- did.
comrades, and for a walk with the
Jews
came
they
refused
"If you think now that I family. In the streets and gardens of
p by
to join
his when
chuich.
Then
he prosperous community, with ing to a destruction, grow
Jerusalem,
you meet groups of youth,
corn-
accumulated
know-how
and
far-
group,
of
all
human
beings
deserve to be picketed," he members of
offers, in
m S,
different movements,
said, "go ahead."
that together play and sing.
parisons between Canonical and flung investments, to a band within the German reach."
Translation of Hebrew column.
Nazi anti-Jewish measures, to of starving forced laborers ask-
According to Dr. Hilberg,
The delegation members of- Published
by Brith Ivrith Olamith,
for their meager meal at "the Jews were not oriented
show
Jerusalem.
show how the Nazis applied the en
d
of
the
day.
toward resistance. They took
their inheritance from earlier •
Protectorates and concentra- up resistance only in a few
r0 1;1;7 171 ;11 ;1,11
anti-Semites to their destruc-
tions, established, by strokes cases, locally, and at the last
five policies.
of the pen, by the bureau- moment. Measured in German
While Hitler's lieutenants, cracies, introduced the exter- casualities, Jewish armed op-
r).t)
1t
„after the vast damage caused mination policies and resulted position shrinks into insigni-
in the November 1938 po- in the destruction and reduc- ficance . . . The Jewish resist-
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grom, sought to systematize tion of Jewish communities, ance effort could not seriously
their anti-Jewish acts, Ger- Globke and others are exposed impede or retard the progress
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Man Jews still believed that as 'drafters of decrees that led of destructive operations . . ”
they could not robbed of their to the destruction of Jewry. - Efforts to avert the destruc- wry.?,ri
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citizenship. Dr. Hilberg writes Expulsions became the order tive German efforts were by
about German reactions in of the day.
tr.7.4ri
means of petition—by appeals 'r)T172 t1477,44 ri;?P 17)71
1938: "The one reason for
Germans
controlled
the
Jew-
on
!
an
intellectual
and
moral
the revulsion and even horror
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r —
which the entire leadership ish Councils and ordered the plane; by judicial compliance
enforcement
of
the
cruel
regu-
with
orders—and
this
resolved
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—save Goebbels—felt for
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pogroms and street violence lations. By means of extensive to the disadvantage of the Jews;
tables, revealing all the cruel by a system of relief and
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and the realization that these facts, Dr. Hilberg shows how
salvage—in a calculayion of
nts7
trp. rin
'actions could not be con- the German processes were put time, in the hope for liberation
trolled . . . The beam'ocracy into effect.
—another
attempt
that
failed;
had taken over. It is the beau-
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aTirp.41
There were Jewish bureau- attempts at emigration and by
rocratic destruction process
automatic
compliance.
Restitu-
cracies
that
were
utilized
by
.77'Ipx- 7in4 in;.., 111!) n".14 `r'17 'nl7tvn
which, in its • step-by-step
t the Germans for their evil tion, admission of DPs to The
manner, finally led to the
Purposes, and these, too, in U.S., Israel's rescue role and rP?'.7tg
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annihilation of five million
the large Polish and other other aspects of efforts to save
victims."
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centers Of. Jewish population, the survivors are reviewed in
Schacht sought ways to define are listed, together with their this study.
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the status of the Jews, and Jews functions as Judenrat. While Dr. Hilberg has incorporated •
believed they would be saved. there was a paralization of explanatory appendices to as-
.tr,7171
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But the ties between Germany Jewish communal life, there sist the reader. His carefully n'TT.
and other Jewish communities were some outside contacts compiled factual tables are •TirTlYt#7Pm
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were being cut, and by 1939 between communities. There valuable for an understanding
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even the offers by Jews to aid even was a spy system and of the immensity of the prob-
in Germany's rise and to pro- the dispatching of runners lem dealt with in this book.
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ntinri
vide their resources for that between ghettos before the Published in two parallel
purpose, the advice to Jews to ! final strangulation. columns per page, "The De-
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follow official orders, proved Property "abandoned" by struction of the European Jews"
fruitless.
no, p nz.;
!Jews who went to the ghettos is readable and is packed full
PrTiVPS 111'
The work of the German was confiscated, and there were of information. It is a notable
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ministerial beaurocracy is de-Imany "takers" of property, in- contribution to the great effort
scribed by Dr. Hilberg by means !eluding Poles. The problem of to compile all the facts about
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of tables showing the control securing food was among the the holocaust and its perpetra-
they gained in business, the most urgent for the Jews con- ,tors.
.
NAACP Picket Threat Avoided
After Jewish Hotel Owner Speaks
Sabbath in
Jerusalem
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