Austria, Germany Reach Compensation Agreement
Direct JTA Teletype Wi re to The Jewish News
FRANKFURT—Agreement was reached Monday night between West German
and Austrian negotiators on a West German contribution of 321,000,000 deutsche-
mark s ($80,000,000) to an Austrian fund for the payment of compensation to victims
of the Nazi era in Austria, starting the coming fall.
Negotiations were handled by the foreign ministers of the two countries,
Heinrich von Brentano of West Germany and Bruno Kriesky of Austria. The con-
ference was held at Bad Kreuzbach.
The West German contribution will include a share for indemnification of
Center's
Sabbath
Programming
WSU Honors
Levin, Albright
I
Klutznick's
Controversial
Book
HE JEWISH NE
CDi= T R 01 "1--
Denazi f ication
Process
Editorials
Page 4
Austria's postwar refugees and a contribution of about 70 000 000 deutschemarks
(about $17,500,000) to compensate Austria for the confiscation by Nazi Germany of
Austrian social insurance funds in 1938.
Political and racial persecutees of the Nazi regime in Austria will receive a
total of $25,000,000. A total of $30,000,000 will go to former German citizens who
fled to Austria after the war from countries taken over by Communist regimes.
Austrian victims of Nazism waited more than 16 years on their claims for
compensation.
A Weekly Review
Koestler's
Autobiography
1\,/1 I C f--1 I
f Jewish- Events
Michigan's Only English-Jewish Newspaper—Incorporating The Detroit Jewish Chronicle
Essays Honor
Albright
Reviews on
Pages 2, 4, 23
Vol. XXXIX, No. 1 6fj
3.0,,, 11 =t, ,, enionin Stalop 17100 W. 7 Mile Rd.—VE 8-9364--Detroit 35, June 16, 1961—$5.00 per Year;
Single Copy 15c
An Editorial Analysis
The Historic Trial and Its Effects
on Jewry and World Public - O inion
As Adolf Eichmann readies to take the stand in his own
behalf, possibly next Tuesday, the second and final phase
of the historic trial will commence in the Jerusalem court
room.
The 112 witnesses who have appeared for the prosecu-
tion hailed from several countries, including the United
States. There were witnesses from Germany who testified to
the crime of Nazism and to Eichmann's guilt.
During the court's 77 sessions, testimony was presented
by noted scholars, housewives, scientists, and statesmen; by
people of all faiths.
There is some speculation as to the verdict that will be
handed down by the panel of three judges against the arch.
criminal. There is a growing feeling that there will be hesi-
tancy to condemn th e criminal to death by hanging.
There is less speculation, however, about the purposes
of the trial and its results. At the outset, there were debates
as to whether Israel had a legal right to try Eichmann.
Distinguished jurists and lawyers from all over the world
came to Jerusalem to witness the trial's beginnings. After
the first month's proceedings, there was general agreement
that Israel had a right and a duty to try hiin.
Even General Telford Taylor, who was the chief prose-
cutor at the Nuremberg trial, who attended the first month's
court sessions in Jerusalem, who at first was critical of
Israel's capture of Eichmann to place him on trial in Israel,
left the Jewish State with a great deal of respect for Israeli
procedure, for the sincerity of the judges, the earnestness
of the prosecution and the fairness with which the trial was
conducted.
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•
•
From all quarters it was said, without reservations: no
one lifted a finger to capture the arch criminal, there were
no attempts to arrest the mass murderers, many Nazi lead-
ers found refuge in Latin American -countries. It was high
time that the criminals were brought to justice, and only in
Israel could that be 'accomplished.
But what was gained by the prolonged trial sessions?
Many millions of words were spoken to expose the holo-
caust, to present anew the facts about the horrors of the
Nazi regime. Eichmann sat through it all—including the
showing of films taken by Allied forces and by Nazis them-
selves, showing the amount of loot, the dead bodies, the
terror that was instituted by Nazism—without blinking an
eye, immobile, like a statue hewn out of granite.
"But the world needed to know, and our children must
become acquainted with what hadhappened during 12 years
of Hitler terrorism," defenders of the trial's motives say.
There are 350,000 men and women in Israel with tat-
tooed numbers on their wrists. They became numbers under
Hitler and ceased then- to be human beings. But their chil-
dren did not ask many questions. Now they ask about the
numbers, and their parents, who wanted to forget, now must
answer their queries. If there still are some who are determ-
ined to forget, the court proceedings taught them the facts
of life about the most tragic era in history.
Some are left with doubts whether the children in Israel
still are concerned about the things that had happened before
they were born or during a period of heroism which marked
their attainment of statehood. The failure of many Jews to
Continued on Page 3
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Worldwide
Interest
Retained
.
in
Trial
,
of
Eich , an. n. Nazi 's Def _
en e ar
As the Eichmann trial enters the final phase of the historic case in the Jerusalem courtroom, there is mounting
evidence of continuing worldwide interest in the testimony that has been presented for a period of 10 weeks, since the
trial started on April 11. In every country in the world, there are indications of deep concern about the evidence and of a
desire to see justice done. In some countries serious efforts are being made to prove that their nationals either had no
share in the Nazi guilt or had shown a real desire to assist in the rescue of Jews during the holocaust. A survey taken in
West Germany also shows that there is wide interest and concern in the trial and in exposing the terrorism of the Nazis.
By ELIAHU SALPETER
JTA Jerusalem Correspondent
JERUSALEM.—Presiding Judge Moshe Landau
announced a recess in the trial of Adolph Eichmann
until next Tuesday, when Eichmann's defense will
begin its presentation in reply to two months of
harrowing documentary and eyewitness testimony
on the key role of the former Gestapo colonel in the
extermination of six million European Jews.
Dr. Robert Servatius, Eichmann's chief defense
counsel, is expected to put Eichmann on the stand
in a series of appearances in his own defense. Eich-
mann will do all his testifying from his glass-
enclosed bullet-proof prisoners dock.
When sessions are resumed, the prosecution
will have its. final round with a brief submission
of those parts of the Sassen transcript which was
ruled acceptable in a divided decision by the three
justices. The ruling barred submission of a large
part of tape-recorded statements taken by Willem
Sassen, a former Nazi, from Eichmann, in Argen-
tina, portions of which , were published in Life
magazine.
The documents submitted by the prosecution—
some of them obtained through the cooperation of
various governments, including the United States
and Poland—ranged from small memo pads to
heavy dossiers that included Nazi correspondence,
microfilms, minutes of various Nazi meetings, depo-
sitions and affidavits. A large number of these
documents were relied upon by the prosecution to
prove Eichmann's direct responsibility for the pro-
gram to annihilate European Jewry, showing he
was more than the mere "transport officer" or
"small sausage" which he claims he was, proving
to the satisfaction of the prosecution that he had
personal authority in some instances greater than
the authority possessed by Nazis of much higher
rank.
Among the items submitted by the prosecution
are originals of the yellow badge worn by Jews in
the death factories, poems written by Jewish resis-
tance fighters, spurious money used by camp
inmates at the. "model camp" of Theresienstadt,
pajamas • worn as the sole garment by inmates at
Auschwitz, a pair of tattered child's shoes found
by a survivor in a field containing 100,000 similar
pairs of shoes worn by Jewish child victims of the
Nazi slaughter, and postcards sent by camp victims
to relatives as a ruse to make the outside world
believe the victims were harbored in some happy
vacationland Shangri-la called "Sea Grove."
All of this is in the record now. Eichmann is
scheduled to be heard next. Then presiding Justice
Moshe Landau, and Justices Yitzhak Raveh and
Binyamin Halevi, must consider the completed case.
Basis for the case is a- 15-point indictment against the
- 54-year-old accused, charging him with crimes against
the Jewish people and crimes against humanity.
Plans were disclosed for a full length film of
the trial based on the television tape recordings of
the daily proceedings. The film will be made by
the Israel Government Information Office and
Capital Cities Company of New York, which has
an exclusive arrangement for the televising of
the trial.
Edwin Shimron, the Israeli attorney who has
Continued on Page 32
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