THE JEWISH NEWS

Incorporating the Detroit Jewish Chronicle commencing with issue of July 20, 1951

American Association of English—Jewish Newspaper, Michigan Press Association, National Edi-
torial Member
Association.

Published every Friday by The Jewish News Pub lishing Co., 17100 West Seven Mile Road, Detroit 35,
Mich., VE 8-9364. Subscription $5 a year. Foreign $6.
Entered as second class matter Aug. 6, 1942 at Post Office, Detroit, Mich. under act of Congress of March

8, 1879.

PHILIP SLOMOVITZ

Editor and Publisher

SIDNEY SHMARAK CARMI M. SLOMOVITZ HARVEY ZUCKERBERG

Advertising Manager

Business Manager

City Editor

Sabbath Scriptural Selections
This Sabbath, the thirteenth day of Iyar„ 5721, the following Scriptural selections will be read
in our synagogues:
Pentateuchal portion, Ahare-Kedoshim, Lev. 16:1-20:27. Prophetical portion, Amos 9:7-15.

Licht Benshen, Friday, April 28, 7:09 p.m.

VOL. XXXIX. No. 9

Page Four

April 28,1961

The WSU 3-Day Near East Conference

Nationwide attention has been focused
in recent years on the conferences on
Middle and Near Eastern affairs spon
sored here by the Department of Near
Eastern Languages and Literatures of
Wayne State University. The sessions
that were conducted in the last two years
drew the interest of scholars in many
universities, and the prominence of the
participants gave the local conferences
wider than mere localized interest.
The third conference, to be held
May 7 - 9, again will have as partici-
pants some of the nation's most - eminent
scholars. With Prof. Ephraim A. Speiser,
of the University of Pennsylvania, as
chairman, this conference has enlisted
the cooperatio-n of leaders of all faiths.
Having as its theme "The Literary
_Heritage of the Near East," the confer-
ence sessions will be studded with many
items of great interest. The Bible, the

Prophets, the literary geniuses of ancient
times and their creative efforts, will be
reviewed by men who speak with author-
ity on the subjects they have chosen for
the Wayne State University sessions.
Inauguration and supervision of these
conferences have been the tasks of Dr.
Abram Spiro, chairman of the Wayne
State University's -Department of Near
Eastern Languages and Literatures. They
have drawn attention not only to the
themes is cussed at the conference
itself, but also to the year-round Borman
Near Eastern Lecture Series and to the
work of the department supervising it.
Dr. Spiro has provided Detroit with
a new medium for scholarly activities—
through his courses at the university and
by means of the lectures he has organ-
ized. His contributions in the field in
which • he specializes have earned for
him the community's gratitude.

Flight of Jews from 'Orient'
to Israel, Their Integration
Told in Dr. Schechtman's Book

There have been many population movements, but none
compares with the exodus of Oriental Jewish communities, the
plight that accompanied their abandonment of their native
homes and their homecoming to Israel.
Joseph B. Schechtman, one of the world leaders in Zionist
Lord Moyne, hearing that through the belated Revisionist ranks, one-time member of the Ukrainian National
transaction one million might be saved, had ex- Assembly who left Russia in 1920 to become a Zionist envoy in.
claimed, 'What shall we do with them?' and later European countries, and who has lived in the United States since
Cordell Hull wrote, 'The State Department did 1941, gives a thorough account of the flight of Jews from
not have the large amounts of money and person- Oriental countries in "On Wings of Eagles," published by
nel
nel needed to carry out a plan of reaching and Thomas Yoseloff (11 E. 36th, N.Y. 16).
bribing the German officials in charge of the
Organizer of the Research Bureau on Population Move-
extermination program.'
ments, who has served with the Office of Strategic Services as
"The fact that Israel took it upon itself to find a specialist on population problems, Dr. Schechtman is excep-
Eichmann and bring him to judgment in Israel tionally well qualified to deal with these questions.
Pointing to "Orient" as having "invariably carried the
points to the measure of distrust that Israel feels
towards all nations when it comes to do justice to connotation 'static'," and to the 900,000 Jews there as having
Jews. And who, knowing history, can blame been included in "this standard image of immovability," Dr.
Schechtman shows how this label has been "dramatically
Israel? Indeed, though many were the individuals
in Europe who, at the risk of their own lives, disproved" in the last decade.
He presents these figures: 123,000 of Iraq's 230,000 Jews
saved Jewish people, no nation, no government,
were transferred to Israel in the unprecedented "Operation Ali
lifted a finger.
"Finally, let us not forget that, escaped from Baba" in 1950-51. The Jews of Yemen were reduced to 600 as
American custody after the war, Eichmann trav- a result of the 1948-49 "Magic Carpet" airlift which took 48,000
eled with an Italian Red Cross document obtained Yemenite Jews to Israel. Egyptian Jewry, which numbered
through the Vatican's displaced persons bureau. 47,000 in 1947, has been reduced to the present number of
It is very hard to explain how, even under the 4,000 to 5,000. Of the post-war Libyan Jewish community of
assumed name of his well known assistant Krtuney, 40,000, 88 per cent now live in Israel. Aden now has only 700
Eichmann could have been able to secure a travel- of its 7,200 Jews of a decade ago. Syria's 29,000 Jewish popula-
ing paper. Shall we then continue to say that tion of 1943 has been reduced to 3,000.
A UN study shows that of the 291,000 Jews who lived in
Israel should trust other nations in Eichmann's
Arab countries in 1949, only 44,000 to 51,000 remain. Of the
trial?
"The truth is that at this point the fate of 77,000 Jews in Turkey, 37,000 have come to Israel, and 39,000
Eichmann is irrelevant. However, what is of the of Iran's 80,000 Jews also are in Israel. The Jewish populations
of Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria have been reduced by a third,
utmost importance is that everything hidden be 160,000 having gone to Israel.
disclosed, including the past criminal apathy of all
Detailed accounts of these movements are given in Dr.
the so-called Christian nations. And perhaps only
Schechtman's revealing book. The eminent student of popula-
in Israel can this be accomplished."
tion movements describes the plight of Moslem countries,
Any comment on this would be super- not only of the JewiSh populations but also of Christians.
fluous. Claire Hughet Bishop stated in
The description of the liquidation of Jewish communities is
blunt terms what needs to be said in accompanied by factual data about the horrors that were im-
offering the most cogent reason for trying posed on Jews who have lived among their Moslem neighbors
for many centuries. The Yemenite Jews are referred to as
Eichmann. in Israel.
"Ezra's stepchildren." Ezra the Scribe was scorned when he
asked the Jews there, nearly 2,000 years ago, to return to Judea
and because of it they were, according to tradition, cursed, and
they, in turn, excommunicated him and refrained from calling
regime are rounded up.
their children Ezra. Islamic persecutions healed the old wounds, :
The Eichmann trial has inspired edi- and the Yemenites are part of the homecoming to Israel.
Dr. Schechtman reviews in great detail the story of Jews
torial declarations, in newspapers in
many lands, admonishing a halt to any in non-Arab Moslem countries (Turkey, Iran and Afghanistan—
manifestations of Nazism and Fascism. the latter also having joined the "Magic Carpet"; in the Moghreb
(Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria), and he devotes considerable
Yet, in several countries there were re- space
to review the problems of the integration of these peoples
newed incidents of swastika smearings. from the
"Orient" into Israel and the great effort that is being
The latter demonstrations indicate exerted to integrate them.
anew that the campaign of bringing in-
Dr. Schechtman quotes figures to show that some progress
formation to peoples everywhere, to teach has been made in the process of integration. But he admits
them to be on guard against the rever- that "the amount of 'unfinished business' is still overwhelming."
berations of Hitlerism, must never be Calling this element the "Second Israel," he states:
"Appreciable and encouraging strides have been made in
relaxed.
the last decade on the way to a full and harmonious integration
The Eichmann trial has inspired the of
the 'Second Israel.' . . . The three major forces, which are
extension of such efforts to enlighten involved
Mizug galuyot—the school, the army, the Histadrut ,-
people not to fall prey to propaganda of are all, in in different
ways and to a different extent, cooperating
bigots. The aim of the public demonstra- in the great effort to mold Israel's heterogeneous elements into
tion against bigotry and genocide, as it one nation. What is apparently lacking in the effort of all these,
are reportedly retaining high positions in predominantly Ashkenazi, bodies, and what is largely frustrating
government in Germany.
their effectiveness, is the precious—and in this field, decisive—
is being carried on at the expose of quality of genuine consideration and warmth toward those
tyranny at the Eichmann trial, is to put non-Ashkenazi elements whom they are striving to integrate."
He shows how Histadrut, together with the schools and the
an end, for all time, to the Nazi terror.
are striving towards that end, and he concludes with the
All humanitarian elements must con- army,
hope that "the brotherly hand" will be extended to make proper
tribute to the success of this effort.
integration possible.

Why Eichmann Is Tried in Israel

The Eichmann trial, as has been indi-
cated again and again since the capture
of the criminal, serves to indict not only
the criminal himself, and the people at
whose behest he acted, but also the entire
civilized world, which had failed to come
to the rescue of the innocent millions who
were condemned to death by the degen-
erate perpetrators of the Nazi crimes.
There were many who chided Israel
for resorting to "kidnaping" when Eich-
mann was brought to justice. Common-
weal, the Liberal Catholic weekly, was
among Israel's critics. Its editorial opin-
ion was challenged by a Christian Lady
(Claire Hughet Bishop), who wrote:

"Following your editorial on the Eichmann
case, may I suggest that the least we can do is
to keep silent about 'what the nations of the
world cannot accept,' considering all they did
accept in the recent past, namely that none of
them found any voice to protest while the six mil-
lion Jews were being systematically slaughtered.
"At the last minute, in 1945, after the British
had jailed Joel Brand who tried desperately to
save the last million of his people in Hungary
by negotiating Eichmann's odious offer-10,000
trucks against one million Jews—at that time only
some protests came , from Roosevelt, Sweden,
Switzerland and the Vatican. Even then the pro:
tests were weak because no government felt com-
mitted to exercise pressure to save one million
Jews, because not one nation was sufficiently
interested in the fate of Jews; five millions had
already gone to their extermination without any
nation protesting against the Reich's 'transcendent
right to ignore international law.' On the contrary,

All Vestiges of Nazis m Must Be Uprooted

The Eichmann trial in Jerusalem in-
evitably calls attention to the hordes of
Nazi criminals who still are at large.
Karl Chmieliewski, who, as a Nazi
camp commander, was responsible for
the death of many victims, has been
given a life term in Ansbach, Germany,
but Josef Mengele remains at large, Italy
has refused to extradite Ludwig Zind, and
major criminals are enjoying freedom.
Eichmann's capture has created some
sort of panic among the participants in
the horrible holocaust. One former Hitler
Elite Guard officer, Heinrich Heimann,
hanged himself in his cell in Landsberg,
while awaiting trial for the death of
thousands of Jews and civilian personnel.
He is said to be the fourth Nazi to com-
mit suicide since Eichmann's capture.
Meanwhile, leaders in the Nazi cam-
paign of extermination of innocent people
continue to enjoy their liberties, and some
The roots of Nazism must be destroyed,
and that can only be accomplished when
all of the responsible leaders of the Hitler

,