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THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS — Friday, September 9, 196 0 --

The Candidates. Their Records and Promises flot2f ilipz

Continuation of Purely Commentary Column from Page 2

to peace in the appeasement of the Arabs and the
oil interests and that the candidates, in their fair-
mindedness, intend to bring the issue to a head and
to strive for fah play for Israel.

Republican Vice Presidential candidate Henry Cabot
Lodge has, since his Catskill appearances and before
touring Coney Island, the Rockways and Jones Beach,
spoke "with emphasis" in support of -cree shipping for
Israel in the Suez Canal, at a breakfast meeting with
Jewish leaders in New York.
Why not? President Eisenhower promised to do
something about it in his speech, on Feb. 20, 1957, just
prior to the withdrawal of Israeli troops from the Sinai
Peninsula. But no one did anything about it—neither
the UN, which is committed to freedom of the seas, nor
the United States, nor President Eisenhower, nor Am-
bassador Lodge.
The record is clear, however. There is no doubt that
Vice President Nixon is determined to strive for
enforcement of free navigation. The question is: would
Lodge be the right man to handle the issue? In view
of the manner in which his hands were tied at the
UN, it would be wiser if some one other than Lodge
were considered for the job in the event of a Repub-
lican victory.
But in the meantime the candidates are in the
promising stage. There will be lots of pledges. Keep
track of them, if some effort is to be made to force
their fulfillment.

All of the candidates, without exception, will face
some charges. The ghost of Joseph Kennedy, the
father of the Democratic candidate, will be paraded
as that of a defender of Hitlerism and of having been
the chief financial supporter of Joseph McCarthy. The
Helen Gahagan Douglas incident will be unearthed in
condemnation of Nixon. The record of Lodge in the
UN will not help the Republicans very much: Senator
Lyndon Johnson may, in the long run, emerge as the
least amenable to condemnation, in spite of the utterly
foolish roles vis-a-vis the Texan that were played
by Michigan leaders at the Democratic convention in
Los Angeles.

It's a sure bet, therefore ; that the prejudices that
will be called into play in this year's Presidential
election will be legion.

One thing is certain, as the Anti-Defamation League
of Bnai Brith has indicated: both Kennedy and Nixon
are "free of anti-Semitic bias." Lodge took orders from
the White House and the State Department, and his
actions at the UN were in conformity with the policies
of the administraion he represented. But he, too, is
certainly not an anti-Semite. Lyndon Johnson surely
is immune to anti-Jewish bias.

There is a Jewish vote, no matter how the position
of American Jewry is viewed. It is a Jewish vote
in the sense that Jews are concerned, as they should
be, that international diplomatic practices should not

be planned to the detriment of their kinsmen. The.
Irish felt that way when the Irish freedom issue was,
at its height. Other groups have been concerned in
matters involving the security of their kin. It's a
natural reaction.
Yet, in the long run, Jews will be motivated in

casting of their ballots much _the same way as non-,
Jews. They will be moved by economic considerations.
Those who are capitalistically inclined will vote for
those they consider closest to their class preferences.
The pro-labor elements will -vote for the party they
consider best suited to help the working class. And
so on, down the line.

There is a Jewish vote—hut it is split. Will the
Jews vote to swing New York State either to Nixon
or to Kennedy? Only time will tell the result which
must hinge on developments during the coming two
months that may fan even greater prejudices than
afflict us today.
It'll be an interesting political campaign. The.
fur already is flying. A wrong word, a foolish gesture,
a bit of unnecessary anger—as in the instance of
Lodge's comment to the radioman in the Catskills—
and a state may be lost or won. Whatever the result,
it is an interesting era to live in and it is good to have
the freedom of an American to keep the candidates
_guessing and on their toes in quest for our votes.
At least once in four years, the voter is as important
as the candidate.

• •
•
pagn
°Jesivesh Vote' Issue in Political Cam
i

(Continued from Page 1) .
of his eight years' experience of
being in close touch with the
"Palestim question" in the
United Nations, he has come to
the following personal conclu-
sions:
"That the time has come to
try to bring about an over-
all settlement of the Pales-
tine question in all its as-
pects. I refer to the status
of the Arab refugees, the de-
velopment of the waters of
the Jordan, and other rela-
tionships between Israel and
its neighbors.
"The effort to reach such a
settlement with justice and fair-
ness to all should be under-
taken at a high level. There
will, of course, have to be con-
sideration by each side of the
problems of the other side. The
United States should be willing
to contribute generously toward
bringing such a settlement
about."
Lodge stressed that "it will
not be easy" to carry out this
program. "No miracles should
be expected," he said, "but a
thoroughgoing attempt should
be made."
He termed the Middle East-
ern area, "in which the Pales-
tine question predominates," as
one of the three "particularly
dangerous areas in the world
today, the other two being the
Straits of Formosa and Berlin
"which is constantly threatened
by the Soviet Union."
The Vice Presidential candi-
date said that, although in the
last two or three years disturb-
ing occurrences on the Arab-
Israel 'front have been much
more infrequent than in the
earlier years, "there is still
much that is wrong."
"One does not have to be an
expert to know how stubborn
the problems are, how great are
the difficulties, and how much
is at stake. Anyone who thinks
the situation is simple and that
it can be dealt with by slogans
and catch-phrases is deluding
himself," he stated.
"Yet, I think it is possible
to find constructive elements
and it may surprise you to hear
that I believe that such con-
structive aspects can be found
in what happened in the United
Nations after the Suez incl-
. dent."
He then cited the fact that,
after the "Suez incident," the
United Nations succeeded in
stationing its Emergency
Force along the Gaza strip
and at the entrance to the
Gulf of Akaba, thus prevent-
ing further possible clashes
between Egypt and Israel. He

emphasized the role he played
in obtaining the necessary
two-thirds vote in the Gem
eral Assembly, which author-
ized the stationing of the
United Nations Emergency
Force along the Egyptian
frontier, and gave credit to
Egypt for not objecting to the
stationing of this force.
Ambassador Lodge strongly
praised Abba Eban, Israel's for-
mer representative at the Unit-
ed/Nations, and pointed out that
there are "many developments
in Israel which must arouse ad-
miration wherever courage, in-
telligence and democracy are
prized."
Lodge also hailed the contri-
butions of American Jews to the
United States. "Art and science
in America would be quite dif-
ferent and inferior things with-
out the contributions of Ameri-
cans of the Jewish faith," he
said.
"And the injunctions of that
faith—to do justly, love mercy
and walk humbly with thy
God," and to love thy neighbor
as thyself—are in the main-
stream of American political
and social thought. They are
mirrored in the basic documents
of the Republic: in the Consti-
tution, which enjoins the peo-
ple to establish justice, and in
the Declaration of Independ-
ence, which affirms that all men
are created equal and are en-
titled to life, liberty and the
pursuit of happiness. In har-
mony with these values is the
interest which we all share re-
garding Israel," he stated.
Vice President Nixon and
Senator Kennedy joined in
strongly endorsing a state-
ment by the American Jewish
Committee which sharply de-
nied the existence of a "Jew-
ish bloc vote" in national
elections.
The statement assailed the
"divisive myth of bloc voting"
as jeopardizing "the American
process of democratic elec-
tions." It took sharp exception
to the "current tendency to im-
ply that a Jewish vote, as such
exists in national elections."
In endorsing the Committee's
statement, Vice President Nixon
said: "I completely share ae
sentiments expressed in your
statement, and deplore any at-
tempts to divide Americans on
a religious, racial or sectional
basis. I think it is most con-
structive that you are issuing
this .statement as we begin this
election campaign." •
In his endorsement Senator
Kennedy said: "The statement
by Louis Marshall seems to be
as true today as it was in 1927.

The enrollment books of both
political parties prove that
Americans do not stratify along
religious, racial or ethnic lines.
Any attempt to classify Ameri-
cans along these lines should be
immediately repudiated and I
welcome the statement by the
American Jewish Committee on
this matter."
American Jews, the Ameri-
can Jewish Committee state-
ment stressed, are influenced
by the "positions that parties
and candidates take on the
domestic and foreign issues
which affect the welfare of
all Americans." It asserted
that "no individual or organi-
zation can muster the alleged
`Jewish vote'." The statement
was issued by Herbert B. Ehr-
mann, of Boston, president,
and Col. Frederick F. Green-
man, of New York, chairman
of the AJ Committee's execu-
tive board.
Even in New York City where
Jews constitute more than one-
quarter of its population, there
has never been a Jewish mayor,
the statement pointed out. Fur-
thermore, "Jewish candidates
for the mayoralty of New York
have often fared badly in dis-
tricts heavily populated by
Jews." The Committee also
pointed out that in the New
York senatorial election of 1956
the Catholic candidate received
greater support from the Jews
of New York than did his Jew-
ish rival.
These and other such exam-
ples, the statement said, "pro-
vide ample evidence that, like
other citizens, Jews vote readily
for candidates who are mem-
bers of other faiths, and that
appeals based solely on their
narrow so-called 'Jewish inter-
est' have not succeeded."
Republican and Democratic
national chairmen signed a
fair campaign practices code,
pledging avoidance of offen-
sive anti-religious propaganda,
and received a report that
various religious issues were
emerging "all over the coun-
try."
Charles P. Taft, chairman of
the Fair Campaign Practices
Committee, revealed the injec-
tion of religious bias. He said
the committee had brought to-
gether a group of Jewish, Cath-
olic, and Protestant leaders for
a frank discussion. Subsequent-
ly, said Taft, the group re-
ceived mounting evidence that
offensive religious propaganda
was being injected into various
campaigns.
Senators Thruston B. Morton,
Republican of Kentucky, and
Henry M. Jackson, Democrat of
Washington State, affixed their

signatures to the committee's
code for 1960.
• Some 1,200 candidates for of-
fice will be asked to sign the

anti-bias pledge.' Senator Jack-
son said • issues should not be
clouded by "campaigning that
comes from the sewers."

Around the Tr6rld...

A Digest of World Jewish Happenings, from
Dispatches of the Jewish Telegraphic Agency and Other
News-Gathering Media.

United States

NEW YORK—Six Arabian newspapermen are among 14 Mos-
lem newspaper executives from the Middle East and Africa who
began a two-month visit to the United States yesterday with a
seminar at the American Press Institute of Columbia University .. .
A net income of $1,476,636 from operations of American Israeli
Paper Mills Ltd. for the fiscal year ended March 31 exceeded the
previous year's total of $1,470,968 despite a three-month shutdown
for the expansion of its paper making facilities, Joseph M. Mazer,
chairman of the board, reported to American shareholders.
STARLIGHT, Pa.—The Hillel Foundation's policy of "hos-
pitality to all points of view" in regard to Jewish affairs has re-
moved from the American college campuses "the competitions and
organizational ambitions that, elsewhere, afflict Jewish community
life," Dr. William Haber, national Hillel chairman, said in his
address to the annual summer conference of Hillel rabbis at Camp
Bnai Brith here.

Europe

LONDON—The Israeli Air Force is expected to take delivery
of 26 French-built Mirage-3 jet interceptor planes and already
has taken an option on 14 more, making a total of 40 ; at a price
reported at $2,500,000 per aircraft, according to "Flying Review,"
the Royal Air Force publication.
BONN—Long-pending negotiations for a restitution treaty have
been completed between Belgium and the Federal Republic of
Germany which will see West Germany paying to Belgium 80,000,000
deutschemarks ($20,000,000) in compensation to victims of the Nazi
occupation.
HAMBURG—The 1,400-member Jewish community here cele-
brated this week the opening of the first synagogue built since
Hitler destroyed the synagogues in 1938 (Hamburg's Jewish popula-
tion in 1933 was 27,000).
GENEVA—Dr. Nahum Goldmann, president of the World Jew-
ish Congress, has expressed regret over the decision of the Central
Board of Hungarian Jews to disaffiliate from the World Jewish
Congress, stating that WJC had not defamed the Soviet Union, as
charged, but . . . "all we did was to ask the Soviet Union to give
the Jewish community the same facilities to live as Jews as other
national and religious groups have in the USSR and as the Jewish
community in Hungary enjoys."

Israel

JERUSALEM—The Ministerial Committee on Economics is
considering a recommendation of the Ministry of Commerce and
Industry that the State Bank ease its credits for working capital
needed by Israeli industry, due to the Bank's "restrictive policy"
which has forced industrialists to resort to private loans at "usurious"
rates . . . A total of $2,000,000 was brought into Israel by 700
Americans who settled in the country last year, it was reported
here by. the Jewish Agency . . . The Jewish Agency executive has
reaffirmed its decision to convene the 25th World Zionist Congress
here on Dec. 27, despite a World Mizrachi Center proposal that the
Congress be postponed . . . Senator John J. Sparkman, Alabama
Democrat visiting here, says he feels certain that the Senate Foreign
Affairs Committee will back any measure to help bring peace to
the Middle East.
TEL AVIV—The operation of Israel's new 264-mile, 16-inch oil
pipeline was formally handed over this week to a group of interna-
tional financiers headed by Baron Edmond de Rothschild of Paris
with hopes that eventually the trans-Israel line will serve as an
alternative route to the Suez Canal for transit of crude _oil in
Europe . . . A ten-week course in cooperative living sponsored by
the Israel Foreign Ministry and the Histadrut, Israel's General
Federation of Labor, as part of a program of assistance for newly
emancipated countries in Africa and Asia, opened here this week
with farmers from ten former French and Belgian colonies in
Africa as the students,