Publication of Jewish Nobel Prize Whiners' List Revives Question of Who Is a Jew?' ' Apartheid and Challenges Facing Jews in South Africa . Chief Rabbi's Position Commentary, Page 2 Boris Smolar Discusses American Aid to Prevent Collapse of European Jewry Editorial, Page 4 Brush Up on THE JE Your Hebrew Knowledge ... I=) f= 1 F2 c::› I –r- ( 1` (—II GA N .<:''' (‘5 .\>-- .4,‹ wtsh Events ,'\ \ A Weekly Revie' Read Hebrew Column , Page 8 Michigan's Only English-Jewish Ne VOLUME XXXV I I—No. 21 10070 nIt.Jendi onn i slop 17100 W. 7 Mile h rporating The Detroit Jewish Chronicle ‘'s • Page 32 -9364--Detroit 35, July 22, 1960 $5.00 Per Year; Single Copy 15c Congo Refugee Situation Grave; All Luluabourg Jews Are Evacuated Democratic Standard Bearer: His Position on Middle East BRUSSELS, Belgium. (JTA) — Jewish refugees from strife-torn Congo con- tinued to arrive here "by plane, many of them from Leopoldville and Luluabourg. The refugees from Luluabourg reported that by now all Jews there have left the city. Reports received here from the province of Katanga in Congo indicated that the Jews of Katanga have all moved to Rhodesia. A part of their property was pillaged, but no casualties were reported. Jews in Elisabethville were also reported to be moving to Northern Rhodesia, leaving all their belongings behind.. Military authorities here have received reports that many JeWs from Elisa- bethville have reached the . Belgian military base at Kamina, Congo, and are anx- ious to be repatriated to Belgium. On the other hand, Jewish refugees arriving here reported that at Asumbura the situation has returned back to normal. The Rhodesian Jewish Board of Deputies sent a mission from Bulawayo by plane to Northern Rhodesia to arrange all possible assistance to Jewish refugees from Congo reaching there. A United Nations- aircraft reached Congo from the headquarters of the • United Nations troops on the Israel-Egyptian border carrying material needed to help set up the UN forces in Congo. The plane also carried two UN military radio operators- who are to help establish communications for the United Nations in Congo. Many families from Luluabourg, one of the hardest hit centers of rebelious native assaults on European whites, arrived here without luggage or funds. Among the arrivals was the Avzaradel-Bonnavida family which had resided in Luluabourg for four generations. . The refugees called the situation in Luluabourg "very grave" and ex- (Continued on Page 5) Will Republicans Match Democratic Platform Repudiating Anti-Israel Bias? By MILTON FRIEDMAN (Copyright, 1960, Jewish Telegiaphic Agency, Inc.) Senator John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the Democratic nominee for the Presidency of the United States, in an address in the U.S. Senate, June 14, called for a new approach to the problem of the Middle East, and stated: "We must formulate, with both imagination and restraint, a new approach to the Middle East — not pressing our case so hard that the Arabs feel their neutrality and nationalism are threatened, but accept- ing those forces and seeking to help channel them along constructive lines, while at the same time trying to hasten the inevitable Arab acceptance of the perma- nence of Israel. "We must give our support to programs to help people instead of regimes — to work in terms of their problems, as well as ours, and seek a permanent settle- ment among Arabs and Israelis based not on an armed truce but on mutual self-interest. Guns and anti- Communist pacts and propaganda and the traditional piecemeal approach to the Middle East are not enough —refugee resettlement and a regional resources devel- opment fund in full partnership with the Middle Eastern nations, are all parts of a long-range strategy which is both practical and in the best interests of all concerned." Senator Kennedy's statement on Nasser and Israel's Right to Freedom of Seas on Page 3 LOS ANGELES—The Administration finds itself on the spot as a result of the Demo- cratic platform which pledges an end to Washington's present appeasement of Arab boycott and blockade tactics. The Republican convention must now either produce alibis for present policies or pro- claim a change. Unrestricted use of the Suez Canal is a stated aim of the Democratic platform. The Republicans find themselves with a record of having approved a World Bank loan to Nasser for Suez expansion without requiring Egypt to end restrictions on Israeli commerce. Not only has the Administration failed to press effectively against the Arab blockade and boycott, but the State Department recently reneged on a solemn promise. In May the De- partment urged the Seafarers International Union to stop picketing the Egyptian ship "Cleo- patra" in New York. The picketing was in protest of Arab blacklisting of American ships that traded with Israel. The Department told the AFL-CIO executive council that it would fight Arab disCrimi- nation affecting i‘merican shipping. Taking the Department at its word, the unions ended their protest strike. Within weeks, new Arab restrictions were imposed on American ships. Shipping lines sought guidance. The Department advised the lines to quietly accede to Arab pressures. Shippers were reminded by the Department that they might suffer financial losses unless they cooperated with -Arab bigotry. In effect, the Department felt U.S. ships should accept Arab dictation on whether they might land in Haifa. Representatives of shipping lines indicated that they were afraid to risk Arab wrath. There was no suggestion of support from the Department. And, after all, the Arabs control the Suez Canal. Years ago the "United States fought a war against Tripolitanian pirates to assert o u r right to freedom of the seas. But recent policies have lacked such militancy. Indeed, the tendency is to subtly urge American shippers to "get along" with the Arabs. The Aministration has sought to justify an agreement with Saudi Arabia to bar Ameri- can Air Force personnel of the Jewish faith from the Dhahran airbase. The Demo cr a tic platform challenges such expediency. The Democrats pledged opposition to "any international agreement or treaty which, by its terms or practices, differentiates among American citi- zens on grounds of race or religion." The Republican platform committee must either alibi or come forth with a new Ad- ministration policy. The Administration has neglected to insist on rights of American Jews to travel in Arab lands. EVen American Government officials of Jewish faith have been embarrassed in Arab airports. The Democratic platform addressed itself to this problem. "Protection of rights of American citizens to travel, to pursue lawful trade and to engage in other lawful activities abroad without distinction as to race or religion is a cardinal function of the national sov- ereignty," said the Democrats. The Republican convention must repudiate present Administration policies involving . appeasement of the Arabs or make hollow sounds in the G.O.P. platform. The nation will observe whether the convention implements the ideas set forth by Vice President Nixon in his recent letter to Bnai Brith. In that letter, Nixon indicated a far different Middle Eastern philosophy than that now practiced by the Administration.