There must be, not a balance
of power, not organized rival-
ries, but an organized common
peace.—Woodrow Wilson.
Napoleon's Sanhedrin
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gible for state offices. His tri- olution and its great heir, Em-
umphant armies compelled the peror Napoleon Bonaparte, in-
reluctant German state of Sax- augurated a new brilliant era
ony to abolish the degrading in Jewish history.
poll-tax. When his victorious
forces spread over the greater
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part of Europe, including Spain
and Portugal, he decreed, in
BLACKSTONE
1820, complete freedom for all.
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Immediately, a great number
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aryl Oporto openly proclaimed ,
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Thus the bloody French Rev-
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SIDNEY MIRVIS
Kosher Meats and Poultry
Free Delivery
7641
W. McNichols UN 4-9582
The opening session of the Grand Sanhedrin held in Paris
on February 9, 1807. In the background is Rabbi Aaron Worms
(1754-1839), noted Talmudist and chief rabbi of Metz, delivering
an address in which he discussed the relations of Jews to
non-Jews in accordance with rabbinic law. The photo is a
contemporary etching, formerly in the collection of the Jewish
Community in Berlin.
Happy Holiday
ADMIRAL BAR
C7' CHOP HOUSE
"Sanhedrin" is a Hebrew
word of Greek origin and means
"assembly." In older times, it
functioned as a supreme court
and as a legislative institution.
Founded before 70 C.E., its
numerous functions included
(Standard Feature Syndicate)
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the proclamation of the New
Moon, the determination of
leap years and decisions on
state affairs. It was Israel's
supreme judicial body which
retained its control of religious
affairs and of all local concerns
under the Roman procurators.
With the end of the Jewish
State, the Sanhedrin came to
an end.
After the French Revolution,
the young and ambitious Napo-
leon tried to. revive the legis-
lative institution of the Jewish
past. Napoleon's attitude to-
wards the Jews is hard to de-
fine. In a certain way he was
friendly to them. There are
numerous stories telling about
his benefactions in Germany
and France. But he also could
be hostile, and some of his
edicts were definitely anti-Jew-
ish. When he won his great vic-
tories in Italy, he destroyed the
ghettos in Venice, Livorno and
Rome, which Pope Pius VI had
instituted in 1775. The liberated
Jews rained blessings upon
him.
In 1799, Napoleon returned
reorganized his
army, conquered half of Europe
to France,
and returned crowned with
laurels.
Cement Blocks and Specialties
In 1806, he called together
22 E. Harrison, Royal Oak JO 4-6492—LI 1-4900i 112 of France's leading Jews
including representatives from
Italy and Germany. He pre-
sented to the frightened assem-
bly 12 questions dealing with
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patriotism, social morality, in-
termarriage and other national
and religious problems. The as-
sembly answered every one of
Gerald C. Spencer
them in a dignified, reassuring
way, pledging their unswerving
TA 5-1118
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loyalty to France and Napoleon.
With brilliant imagination,
Napoleon decided to create a
permanent Jewish body mod-
elling it faithfully on the
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ancient Sanhedrin of Tem-
ple days. French Jewry ac-
cepted the idea with enthu-
siasm. The first Sanhedrin
met in Paris in 1807 and the
LO 7-2421
6650 Kercheval
pledges of loyalty were re-
peated. The assembly con-
sisted of '71 members of
whom 46 were rabbis. There
was a Nasi and all solemn
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ceremonials that could be de-
vised.
For Napoleon, the entire mat-
ter was a grandiose propaganda
BR 2-1590 trick. It worked so well that
16030 W. McNichols Rd.
Napoleon was considered a
great friend of the Jews. But
the Sanhedrin did not remain
a permanent body. There was
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no work to do, no mission to
fulfill, and Napoleon, involved
in a new Prussian war, soon
forgot all about it.
"Roast Beef Is Our Business—Quality Is Our Promise"
Yet, the Sanhedrin had
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done a great job. It had
helped -bring about the Jew-
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ish emancipation not only in
France, but in all of Europe.
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st0.1.100.**.
In 1811, Napoleon destroyed
the ghetto in Frankfort, liberat-
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ing 500 Jewish families who
had lived in medieval degrada-
tion. In 1812, on the eve of
the War of Liberation, Napo-
leon granted equality • to all
"An Achievement in Good Taste"
Jews with the restriction, how-
, ever, that they , were not eli-
C
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STERLING COAL CO.
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DI 1-4555
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15445 Meyers
UN 3-2275
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LIFE INSURANCE FOR ALL!
Louis C. Blount, President
Chas. H. Mahoney, Chairman of Board
82 East Hancock
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Sweda Cash Register Sales
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608 Woodward WO 4-7287
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Serving the Automotive Industry Since 1934
Metal Stampings and Assemblies
4336
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Electrical Contractors
23220 Plymouth
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W. T. HEANEY CO.
Air-Conditioning, Refrigeration Contractors
TE 4-7760
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If Busy, Call TE 4-5758
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Ben Pasinrin, Prop.
15441 West Warren, Dearborn
LU 1-9279
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Home Made Bread and Pastry
Open Sundays 12 to 7 p.m. — Closed Saturdays
Lunch 11 to 2:30 p.m. — Dinner 5 to 8 p.m.
15813 James Couzens, South of Puritan
UN 1-9715
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