Afround the frrOrld...
A Digest -of World Jewish Happenings, from
Dispatches of the Jewish Telegraphic Agency and Other
News Gatherings Media.
TH
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEW S
United States
WASHINGTON — Israel Ambassador Abba Eban signed
formal documents covering a $15,000,000 loan recently extended
to Israel by the U.S. Development Loan Fund. Dempster Mc-
Intosh, manager of the loan fund, participated in a brief cere-
mony in the offices of the International Cooperation Admin-
istration . . . Eban also conferred on Monday with Secretary of
State Dulles and they are believed to have discussed the Leba-
nese situation.
NEW YORK — "As the Yiddish-lariguage newspapers tell
the facts without fear or favor, they add strength to the national
community," President Eisenhower wrote in a message to the
Yiddish press of America last week . . Dr. Miriam K. Freund,
national president of Hadassah, signed a pact with Kadish Luz,
Israel Minister of Agriculture. creating a partnership for the
management and development of the Junior Hadassah Children's
Village of Meier Shfeya near Zikhron Ya'acov . . . American
Jewish groups warmly welcomed the arrival in the U.S. of the
Shah of Iran,r staunch friend of the Western Powers whose
treatment of the Jews of Iran is indicative of his progressive
inclinations . . . Ambassador Mongi Slim of Tunisia assured Dr.
Maurice L. Perlzweig, representative of the World Jewish Con-
gress, that his government had no desire to curtail the oppor-
tunities of the Jewish community of his country to exercise the
right of association, and that any revision of the statute under
which the Jewish community operates would be made only after
full and sympathetic consultation with the community . . .
44 young Zionists left for Israel to participate in a seven-
week summer institute . . . Pioneer Women announced the
completion of its 1958 $1,100,000 quota for Israel . . . George
Leggett, 20-year-old leader of the anti-Semitic United Nordic
Confederation, was indicted by a grand jury on charges of bur-
glary, petty larceny and weapons law violations . . • In his
annual report as president of the Federation of Jewish Philan-
thropies of New York, Gustave L. Levy indicated that because
of the recent economic recession the Federation will sustain
a deficit of more than $2,000.000 for its 1957-58 operations
while its 116 agencies will experience the heaviest demand
for their services.
Europe
PARIS — The situation of the Jews of Morocco and Tunisia
is "satisfactory as far as their physical safety and equality is
concerned," Dr. G. M. Riegner, head of the World Jewish Con-
gress Bureau in Geneva, reported to a meeting of the WJC
French section, with representatives of 30 French cities in at-
tendance . . . The JDC announced that it was moving its over-
seas headquarters from Paris to Geneva on July 7 . . . An Israeli
team of parachutists placed fourth in an international jump con-
test at Le Bourget airfield here, competing against top military
and civilian jumpers from France, the U. S., Spain, Britain,
Austria and West Germany.
MUNICH — Former inmates of Buchenwald concentration•
camp have been aroused deeply by reports that Hans Eiserle, an
SS doctor in the camp, has been granted certain prisoner of wi't
benefits upon his release from prison where he served seven
Years for crimes against humanity, Eisele having been accepted
as a staff member of the public health insurance plan at Muen-
chen-Passing and granted an interest-free loan exceeding the
equivalent of $6,000 to permit him to re-establish his practice .. •
The Bavarian Ministry of Justice announced that it would
investigate charges made against former concentration camp
doctors Hans Eiserle and Heinrich Plaza in the current trial
of Martin Sommer, former Buchenwald camp commander.
LONDON — An increase of Jewish consciousness among
Soviet Jews has taken place since 1948, the foreign affairs com-
mittee of the Board of Deputies of British Jews reported to its
general assembly .. . The Anglo-Jewish Association has invited
the American Jewish Committee and the Alliance Israelite Uni-
versele of France to meet in a joint conference on the question
of the Jews of Eastern Europe . . . The World Jewish Congress
reported here that Harbin, North China, authorities have or-
dered the removal of all graves within the city limits, including
the Jewish cemetery which ,contains 3,500 graves, and that the
Union of Italian Jewish Communities notified all Italian Jewish
communities to inform all former residents of Harbin of the
problem . . . A number of Neturei Karta and Agudas Israel
members were ejected from a meeting here for creating a dis-
turbance during an address by Jewish Agency executive com-
mittee member Zalman Shragai, who discussed the religious
issue in Israel . . .
GENEVA — The International Labor Organization called on
member states to take steps to eliminate racial and religious
discrimination in respect to employment and occupations.
Israel
JERUSALEM—A 70 per cent increase in polio cases—most
of the 60 new cases in May were in Jerusalem and the Galilee—
prompted Israel Barzilai, Minister of Health, to summon an
expert committee to fight the threat of a possible epidemic . . .
Rabbi Moshe Porush, a member of the Jerusalem City Council,
and his son, Menahem, political secretary of the Agudas Israel
Organization, were assaulted in the Mea Shearim section by a
gang of youths whom they identified with the Neturei Karta.
- Latin America
SANTIAGO, Chile—The Chilean Supreme Court ruled that
the judge at present charged with investigating activities of
the Chilean Ku Klux 'Klan must continue with the case . . .
Salomon Sack, Santiago Jewish industrialist, is being lauded by
government officials for his gift of 1,000 million pesos — the
equivalent of $1,000,000—for the construction of a building for
the Department of Architecture of the University of Chile, the
dedication of which took place Sunday in the presence of the
President of Chile, Carlos Ibanez del Campo, Cabinet members
and other notables.
The Great EB:
Herman Kogan, drama and lit-
erary editor of the Chicago Sun-
Times, well-known biographer,
is the author of the exciting
story of the Encyclopedia Brit-
annica, its de-mK:::: :.f„;,
v el opment s,
trials and tri-:
umphs, in the
book he has
entitled "T h e
Great EB,"
published by
University of
Chicago Press
(5750 Ellis
Ave., Chicago
37).
It is the
story of people
who made it
of those who
surrounded it,
of editors and
publishers,
printers a n d J. Rosenwald
salesmen. It is also the story
of its acquisition—and rescue—
by Julius Rosenwald and the
Sears, Roebuck Co.
It began in 1768, as "Encyclo-
pedia Britannia; or a Dictionary
of Arts and Sciences." As the
years progressed, it had many
problems, scores of crises, and
the events and episodes enumer-
ated by Kogan combine to make
a most interesting story.
The author of this book has
done a lot of research in the
writing of his work. He has
delved into the past, he recounts
the similar projects of previous
ages. and he is especially effec-
tive in his character sketches
of the men who edited EB.
Kogan's account includes a
record of the people who con-
tributed to the EB—Sigmund
Freud who wrote the first popu-
larized interpretation of his
pschoanalytical method for the
encyclopedia in 1922; Leon Trot-
sky who described Josef Stalin;
Albert Einstein, Albert Michel-
son and the scores of other great
personalities.
The controversies that arose
over Biblical interpretations
are among the interesting epi-
sodes in the encyclopedia.
Devices Novel, Devices Pictur-
esque" is an interesting chapter,
but the entire EB story is novel
and picturesque.
,
Encyclopedia Britannica's Story:
How It Was Rescued by Rosenwald
An important role was played
though events shortly to develop
in the encyclopedia's financial in the American economy were
experiences by the eminent New
York lawyer, Samuel Untermy-
er, who acquired an interest in
the EB and who fought some
of its battles.
Of major significance in this
account is the role that was
played by Sears, Roebuck & Co.
and its head, the late Julius H.
Rosenwald, who took control of
the EB and became its "angel."
After abandoning the project.
Rosenwald again came to its aid
when it ran into financial diffi-
culties, during the post-war de-
pression. But when Rosenwald
died in 1932, Sears, Roebuck
Co. steered away from it, and
General Robert E. Wood, who
became the head of the com-
pany, was unsympathetic to any
efforts in EB's behalf. Even
Lessing Rosenwald, Julius
undertake further sponsorship
of the EB. The encyclopedia
then was turned over to the
University of Chicago.
In his evaluation of the EB
as "a monument of learning,"
Kogan writes that "Albert Ein-
stein's article on 'Space-Time'
was written in flawless English
and remained one of the few
untouched by an editorial
pencil. James Truslow Adams.
the historian, had to be watched
carefully for misspelled words.
Julius Rosenwald's 'Philan-
thropy' was patently sound, al-
to make a mockery of a section
that read, 'Philanthropic en-
deavor in America differs from
that of other countries in its
greater variety and in the larger
proportion undertaken through
private initiative as compared
with that carried on by the state
. . . Moreover, as little poverty
exists and there is no pauper
class, welfare work is carried
on in a more confident spirit,
with the expectation of making
social relief ultimately need-
less.' "
The description of the meth-
ods pursued by EB salesmen
adds greatly to the interest in
"The Great EB."
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